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Z Score

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26 views29 pages

Z Score

Uploaded by

abarrientosfe
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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• The z-score is stated to be a measure of relative

standing. It describes a value's relationship to the


mean of a group of values. A Z-score can reveal if a
value is typical for a specified data set or if it is
atypical. Z-scores also make it possible for analysts
to adapt scores from various data sets to make
scores that can be compared to one another more
accurately. Basically, a z-score gives you an idea
how far a data is from the mean.
z-scores are a way to compare results to a “normal”
population. A lot of tests and surveys reveal
thousands of possible results and units; those results
can often seem meaningless. For example, knowing that
someone’s height is 5 ft might be good information, but if
you want to compare it to the “average” person’s height,
looking at a vast table of data can be overwhelming.
A z-score can tell you where that person’s height is
compared to the average population’s mean height.
Most raw scores comprise large values, so for
convenience, these raw scores are converted to
a more manageable scores known as z-scores.
In this lesson, you will learn to convert a normal
random variable to a standard normal random
variable (z-values) and vice versa.
95.44 %
99.74 %
FORMULA FOR CALCULATING Z-SCORE
Example 1
Given the mean, 𝜇 = 30 and the standard deviation, 𝜎 =
4 of a population of scores in Statistics and Probability.
Find the z-value that corresponds to a score 𝑋 = 38.
Steps:
1. Write the given values.
𝜇 = 30, 𝜎 = 4, x = 38
2. Substitute in the formula,

3. Compute the z-value.

• Therefore, the z-value that corresponds to the raw


score 38 is 2 in a distribution.
or
• Therefore, a score of 38 is 2 standard deviations
above the mean
Example 2 Finding the raw score
Find the raw score in an aptitude test with = 80, 𝑠 = 15 and
𝑧 = 0.52.
1. Modify the formula to solve for x.

2. Substitute in the formula.


x = 80 + (0.52)(15)
3. Compute the raw scores.
x = 80 + 7.8
x = 87.8
Thus, the raw score is 87.8 when 𝑧 = 0.52.
Example 3
• Suppose two of your friends, Ana and John took an
entrance exam in different universities. Ana’s score is
140 (𝜇 = 125, 𝜎 = 15) while John’s score is 90 (𝜇 =
80, 𝜎 = 5). Who among them scored better than
their peers?
• Solution: To solve this problem, we need to standardize
the two scores. Thus, we need to convert these to z-
scores.
Therefore, John performed better than Ana.
Exercises 1
Complete the table by providing the correct answers. Show your
process on your paper.
Exercises 2: Problem Solving.
1. Zeleo and Zoey are close buddies who took the
national achievement test. The mean score and
standard deviation are 120 and 10, respectively. If
Zeleo obtained a z-score of 1.5 and Zoey got -0.95 z-
score. What were their scores in the examination?
Who scored higher?
2. If the scores in a Statistics and Probability test are
normally distributed with a mean of 35 and standard
deviation of 4.5. What is the z-score for a score of 30?
z 𝝈
𝝈𝒙=
√𝒏
•A population has a mean of 75 and a
standard deviation of 17.4. a sample of
35 items is randomly selected from this
population. What is the probability that
the mean of this sample lies between 72
and 79?
• An electronic company in Laguna
manufactures resistors that have a mean
resistance of 120 ohms and a standard
deviation of 13 ohms. Find the probability
that a random sample of 40 resistors will
have an average resistance greater than 114
ohms.
• IQ test scores are normally
distributed with a mean of 100 and a
standard deviation of 15. Find the x-
score that corresponds to a z-score of
2.33.
•The mean score on a dexterity test of 10 years
old kids is 30. The standard deviation is 5. If a
psychologist administers the test, find the
probability of the scores between 27 and 31.
Assume that the variable is normally distributed.
• The daily income of bank auditors in SSS
Commercial Bank is normally distributed with a
mean of ₱ 1,575 and a standard deviation of
₱450. What is the probability that a bank
auditor will earn more than ₱1, 200 daily?

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