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Pplications of Operational Amplifier

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JEEVITHESH B
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23 views20 pages

Pplications of Operational Amplifier

Uploaded by

JEEVITHESH B
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Applications of Operational

Amplifier
Dharun Balaji - 22M221
Dhivyadharshan - 22M222
Fyzul Ahamed A - 22M223
GM Kaushik - 22M225
Gokul Nair - 22M226
Content

 Operational Amplifier
 Voltage Regulators
 Oscillation
 Signal Amplification
Operational Amplifier

An operational amplifier is an integrated


circuit that can amplify weak electric
signals.An operational amplifier has two
input pins and one output pin. Its basic
role is to amplify and output the voltage
difference between the two input pins
Inverting Input
Enables substantial amplification
of an input signal
When an operational amplifier is
combined with an amplification circuit, it can
amplify weak signals to strong signals.It
behaves like a megaphone where the input
signal is a person’s voice and the megaphone
is the operational amplifier circuit.For
example, such a circuit can be used to
amplify minute sensor signals.
Enables elimination of noise from an input
signal
By operating as a filter of input signals, the
operational amplifier circuit is able to extract the signal
with the target frequency.For example, when an
operational amplifier circuit is used for voice
recognition or in a voice recorder, it can extract
frequencies close to the targeted sound while shutting
out all other frequencies as noise.
Oscillators

Operational amplifiers (op-amps) are widely used


in electronics for a variety of functions, including
amplification, filtering, and signal processing.
However, they can also be configured to function
as oscillators, generating periodic waveforms
such as sine waves, square waves, or triangular
waves.
Wien
"
Bridge Oscillator:
This oscillator circuit uses a
combination of resistors, capacitors,
and an op-amp to produce a
sinusoidal output waveform. The
circuit is based on a bridge network
that provides the necessary phase
shift for oscillation. The op-amp
amplifies the feedback signal to
sustain oscillations.
Phase Shift Oscillator:
In this configuration, multiple RC
phase shift sections are connected
in a feedback loop with an op-amp.
The phase shift introduced by the
RC network causes the output
signal to be fed back in phase with
the input, resulting in sustained
oscillations.
Multivibrator Oscillator:
Multivibrator circuits,
such as the astable multivibrator,
utilize positive feedback to
generate square or rectangular
waveforms. Op-amps can be used
in multivibrator configurations to
generate oscillations by toggling
between two states.
Voltage Regulators
• Voltage regulators are electronic circuits
" designed to maintain a constant output
voltage regardless of changes in input
voltage, load current, or temperature.

• Types of Voltage Regulators:

• Linear Regulators

• Switching Regulators

• Zener Diode Regulators

• Shunt Regulators
Applications of Voltage Regulators
• Voltage regulators have numerous applications in
various industries, including electronics,
automotive, aerospace, and telecommunications.

• Voltage regulators are used in power supplies to


provide a stable and reliable voltage to electronic
devices, such as computers, smartphones, and
other electronics.

• Used in vehicles to regulate the voltage supplied to


various electronic components, such as headlights,
radios, and sensors.

• Used in renewable energy systems, such as solar


panels and wind turbines, to regulate the voltage
supplied to the power grid.
Role of Operational Amplifier in Voltage
Regulators

•Error Amplification:
• Op-amps serve as error amplifiers.
• Compare output voltage with reference voltage, amplify small
differences.

•Feedback Control:
• Part of feedback loop in voltage regulators.
• Monitor and adjust output voltage to maintain stability.

•Functionality:
• Used in linear regulators for error amplification and control.
• In switching regulators, assist in voltage or current mode
control.
SIGNAL
AMPLIFIERS
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
AS AN INTEGRATOR:
• An op-amp integrator produces an output voltage that
is proportional to the negative integral of the input
voltage, according to the duration and amplitude of the
input voltage.
• The integrator circuits use an Inverting amplifier
configuration.

• Op-amp integrators find use in applications


such as signal processing, analog computing,
and waveform generation.
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER AS AN
DIFFERENTIATOR:
• The differentiator circuit is essentially an inverting
amplifier with a capacitor connected to its input
terminal.
• The position of the capacitor and resistor is reversed
compared to a regular inverting amplifier.
• When the input voltage changes rapidly or
significantly, the output voltage exhibits a spike-
like behavior.

• Differentiators also find application as wave


shaping circuits, to detect high frequency
components in the input signal.
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER AS AN
SUBTRACTOR:
•The differential amplifier configuration allows an op-amp to act as a
subtractor.
•The circuit consists of two inputs (V1 and V2) connected to the
inverting and non-inverting terminals of the op-amp.

•Mathematical representation: Vout=A/(V2-V1)

• Differential amplifiers are commonly used in applications where


the difference between two signals needs to be amplified or
extracted.
• Examples include:
1. Subtraction: Calculating the difference between two sensor
voltages (e.g., temperature sensors).
2. Instrumentation: Measuring small voltage differences in
precision instruments.
3. Signal Conditioning: Removing common-mode noise from
differential signals.
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER AS
AN ADDER:
• The Adder, also called a summing amplifier, produces an inverted
output voltage which is proportional to the sum of the input
voltages V1 and V2.
• The basic summing amplifier circuit uses an inverting operational
amplifier configuration.
• It is used in audio mixers, temperature sensors, etc.
Thank
You

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