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Modal Auxiliaries

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31 views11 pages

Modal Auxiliaries

Uploaded by

derayaatrasrifaldi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MODAL AUXILIARIES

(can, could, may, might,


must)
 Modal auxiliary is a word that is used with
another verb to express a mood or tense.
 Modal auxiliary is used to express ideas such as
ability, willingness, possibility, necessity, and
permission.
 Examplesof a modal auxiliary include can, may,
must, ought to, shall, should, will and would.
Sure, let's delve deeper into each modal auxiliary:

 Can/Could:
 Can: Indicates ability, capability, or possibility in the
present or future.
Example: "I can speak Spanish."
 Could: Indicates past ability, past permission, or a polite
request.
Example: "I could swim when I was five." (past
ability)
Example: "Could you pass me the salt, please?"
(polite request)
 Will/Would:

 Will: Expresses future intention, prediction, willingness, or habitual


actions in the present/future.

Example: "I will study tonight." (future intention)

Example: "She will probably be late." (prediction)

 Would: Used to express the past tense of "will," or to indicate


habitual actions, hypothetical situations, or polite requests.

Example: "She said she would come." (past tense of 'will')

Example: "He would always help his friends." (habitual action)


 Shall/Should:
 Shall: Traditionally used for suggestions, offers, or to indicate
future events in British English.
Example: "Shall we go for a walk?" (suggestion)
Example: "I shall return tomorrow." (future event)
 Should: Expresses advice, expectation, or obligation.
Example: "You should eat more vegetables." (advice)
Example: "He should be here by now." (expectation)
 May/Might:

 May: Indicates possibility, permission, or probability in the present or


future.

 Example: "You may leave early if you finish your work." (permission)

 Example: "It may rain later." (possibility)

 Might: Indicates a lower probability than "may" or is used to express


polite requests, suggestions, or hypothetical situations.

 Example: "I might go to the party if I finish my work." (lower


probability)

 Example: "Might I borrow your pen?" (polite request)


 Must:
 Indicates necessity, obligation, strong recommendation, or strong
probability.
Example: "You must wear a seatbelt in the car."
(necessity/obligation)
Example: "It must be true because everyone is saying it."
(strong probability)
 Ought to:
 Expresses advisability, duty, or expectation.
Example: "You ought to apologize for what you said."
(advisability)
Example: "She ought to arrive by noon." (expectation)
 Need:
 Expresses necessity or obligation, often used in negative or
interrogative sentences.
Example: "You needn't worry about the test; you studied
well." (lack of necessity)
Example: "Need I remind you to call your mother?"
(question of necessity)
 Accroding to Eastwood (2002), below are types of modal auxiliary.
They are:
1. Ability, possibility, permission : can
2. Ability in the past, present possibility, past/future permission :
could
3. Uncertain future action, permission : may
4. Uncertain future action : might
5. Intended future action : shall
6. Obligation, advice : should, must, ought to
7. Necessity: must, have (got) to, needn't and mustn't
8. Plan, ask for information, ask a favor : will
9. Preference, request politely : would
10. Habits : used to
Using verb
a. Positive sentence:
S + Aux. + Verb I + O + Adv
1) I will lend you the book.
2) We must study English well.
b. Negative sentence:
S + Aux. + Not + Verb I + O + Adv
1) I cannot come tomorrow
2) They may not be late.
c. Interrogative sentence:
Aux. + S + Verb I + O + Adv + ?
1) Should I turn off the lamp?
2) Could you tell me where the bank is?
Using non-verb
a. Positive sentence:
S + Aux. + Be + Non-V + Adv
1) You ought to be honest.
2) I could be here at 10.00 am.
b. Negative sentence:
S + Aux. + Not + Be + Non-V + Adv
1) His brother might not be here
2) You should not be angry with your parents
c. Interrogative sentence
Aux. + S + Be + Non-V + Adv + ?
1) Must we be on time tomorow?
2) Can you be our leader on the next hiking?

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