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Continuty Class 12 Jee

A function is continuous if its graph can be drawn without lifting the pen, and it is continuous at a point x = a if certain conditions are met. Discontinuity can occur in various forms, including removable and non-removable types, with specific cases for each. The document also outlines continuity in intervals and provides examples of continuous and discontinuous functions.

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12 views46 pages

Continuty Class 12 Jee

A function is continuous if its graph can be drawn without lifting the pen, and it is continuous at a point x = a if certain conditions are met. Discontinuity can occur in various forms, including removable and non-removable types, with specific cases for each. The document also outlines continuity in intervals and provides examples of continuous and discontinuous functions.

Uploaded by

Santosh kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONTINUOUS FUNCTION :

 Function is called continuous if we can draw the graph of


function without lifting up the pen from the plane of the
paper.

Continuity of a function is the property of interval


It is meaningful at x= a only when
the functions graph exist immediate
neighbourhood of x=a
 CONTINUITY AT A POINT
A function is continuous at point x = a if

1.a ε domain of f(x)


2. L.H.L. = R.H.L. = f (a) lim x→a- f(x) = lim x→a+
f(x) = f(a)

 Polynomial , modulus ,exponential functions are always


continuous
 Trigonometric, I.T.F., Logarithmic, G.I.F., F.P.F. ,Signum
function are continuous in their domain.
Q. Check the continuity of the function ‘ f ‘ given by
1. f (x) = 2x + 3 at x = 1
2. f(x) = 2x^2 - 1 at x = 3

 CONTINUITY IN AN INTERVAL
1. OPEN INTERVAL = A function is continuous in x ε (a,
b) if f(x) is continuous at each and every point in x
ε (a, b) i.e.
let c ε (a, b)
lim x→c- f(x) = lim x→c+ f(x) = f(c) = finite value
e.g. F(x)= 1/√(1-x^2) is continuous in x ε (-1, 1)
2 CLOSE INTERVAL :-

3
1
2

5
1
2

5
 DISCONTINUOUS FUNCTION :-
If function is not continuous at a point or in interval is called discontinuous function.

There are following cases for possible for


discontnuity
1. L.H.L. and R.H.L. are exists but not equal.
2. L.H.L. and R.H.L. are exist and equal but not
equal to f(a)
3. If f(a) is not defined .
4. At least one of the limit does not exist.
There are two types of Discontinuity

1. Removable discontinuity
2. Non- Removable discontinuity
Removable discontinuity
• When limit of function is necessarily exists at x=
a , but either L.H.L # R.H.L. Or f(a) is not defined.
There are two categories of
Removable discontinuity
1. Missing point discontinuity :
When Function at x = a is
L.H.L. = R.H.L. = finite value
But f(a) is not defined.
2. Isolated point discontinuity :
When function at x = a is
L.H.L. = R.H.L. ≠ f(a)
F(x) = | sgn(x) |

• Non-Removable discontinuity :
When the Limit of the function does not exist.

There are three categories

1. Finite (Jump) type


2. Infinite (Asymptotic) type
3. Oscillatory type
• Finite (Jump ) type :- When L.H.L. and R.H.L. are exists
but they are not equal. i.e. L.H.L ≠ R.H.L.

Jump of Discontinuity =
| L.H.L. – R.H.L. |
Infinite (Asymptotic ) type :-
The discontinuity in which atleast one of the two limits is
Infinity .
Oscillatory type :- The discontinuity in which the value of limits
oscilates between two finite numbers or eratic in nature.

F(x) = sin( 1/x)


at x= 0
Continuity Theorem :-
1. Algebra of Continuity Theorems.

F(x) G(x) F(x) +


G(x)
F(x)-G(x) F(x) ×
G(x)
F(x) / G(x)

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont-


{x:g(x)=0
}
Cont Disc Disc Disc May or May or
may may
Not be Not be
Cont Cont.
Disc Cont ,, ,, ,, ,,

Disc Disc May or May or ,, ,,


may not be may not be
cont. cont.
• If f(x) is continnuous then
1. f^n(x) is also continuous n€ Z+
2.

3. A rational function is continuous on its domain.

4.

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