Scribd
Upload
15 views17 pages

Psych 1100 Intro To Psych - Personality - Lesson 2 (Notes)

The document discusses the Humanistic Approach in psychology, emphasizing self-actualization and the importance of self-concept as proposed by theorists like Maslow and Rogers. It highlights the role of self-esteem, the need for positive regard, and the impact of cultural and gender influences on self-perception. Additionally, it critiques the reliance on self-reports in evaluating these theories and their contributions to psychotherapy.

Uploaded by

chgg9xg4rf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views17 pages

Psych 1100 Intro To Psych - Personality - Lesson 2 (Notes)

The document discusses the Humanistic Approach in psychology, emphasizing self-actualization and the importance of self-concept as proposed by theorists like Maslow and Rogers. It highlights the role of self-esteem, the need for positive regard, and the impact of cultural and gender influences on self-perception. Additionally, it critiques the reliance on self-reports in evaluating these theories and their contributions to psychotherapy.

Uploaded by

chgg9xg4rf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Psych 1100: Intro to

Psych

Personality

Lesson 2
Reaction to Freud

• Emphasis on role of conscious,


creative potential, self-
actualization
Humanistic
Approach Motivations for Behaviour

• Maslow & Rogers


• Innate tendency towards self-
actualization
Humanistic Approach
• Self-actualization
• The total realization of one’s human potential
• The individual’s creative potential is inborn and
striving
• Abraham Maslow
• Considered self-actualization to be the
ultimate human need and the highest
expression of human nature
George Kelly’s Personal Construct
Theory
• Kelly’s primary interest was how people
construct reality
Humanistic
Approach Personal constructs
• Are cognitive categories which sort the
people and events in their lives
• The primary basis for individual
differences in personality
Carl Rogers Self Theory
• Central concept = self-concept
• Organized, consistent set of perceptions &
beliefs about oneself
Humanistic • Once established - tendency to maintain it
Approach:
Rogers Self-consistency
• Consistency among ‘self-perceptions’

Congruence
• Consistency between self-perceptions &
experience
When experience does not ‘match’ the self-
concept
• Threat - Arises when the experience is inconsistent with
self-concept
Humanistic • Why do people treat me like that? I am a …..

Approach: Healthy individuals modify self-concept


Rogers
• Not all people find me a good …

Or can distort reality


• They are just not clever enough to see that I am a good
…
Psychological
Adjustment
• Level of adjustment
• Degree of congruence between self-
concept & experience
• Maladjustment
• Deny or distort reality to be consistent
with self-concept
• Healthy adjustment
• Experiences are easily incorporated into
self-concept
• Self-esteem
• How positively or negatively we feel about ourselves
• High Self-esteem
Humanistic • Fewer interpersonal problems
• More capable of forming loving relationships
Approach • Achieve at higher level
• Poor Self-esteem
• Anxiety, depression, poor social relationships,
underachievement
Self-esteem
• Unstable / unrealistically high self-esteem
• More problematic than low self-esteem
• May react aggressively when self-esteem
Humanistic threatened
Approach Pursuit of self-esteem
• Enhanced self-esteem vs. mastery of the
goal
• Failure is problematic if goal is enhanced
self-esteem
• Self-esteem
• Fostering self-esteem
Humanistic • Unconditional acceptance and love
• Clear guidelines for behaviour
Approach • Reinforcement of compliance
• Freedom to make decisions and express opinions
within guidelines
Need for Positive Regard
• Innate need for acceptance,
sympathy, love
Humanistic
Approach: Unconditional Positive Regard
Rogers • Independent of behaviour

Conditional Positive Regard


• Dependent upon behaviour
• Creates ‘conditions of worth’
Positive self-regard
• Experience of being understood & valued
Humanistic gives us freedom to grow

Approach: Lack of unconditional positive regard


Rogers • Creates ‘conditions of worth’

Fully functioning persons


• Self-determined, sense of inner freedom,
accept inner & outer experiences as they
are
Self-Verification and Self-Enhancement
Motives

Self-verification
Humanistic • Motivated to confirm self-concept

Approach • Better recall for more consistent self-descriptions


• Seek out self-confirming relationships

Self-enhancement
• Strong tendency to gain & preserve positive self-image
• Contributes to psychological well-being
What is your most
important attribute?
Culture, • Individualistic

Gender, • Independence &


personal
and the achievement
• Collectivist
Self • Achievement of
group goals
• Reflected in self-concept
descriptions
Gender schemas

• ‘Typical’ man or woman


Culture,
Gender, Males
and the • Achievement, strength, self-sufficiency
Self • Individualistic

Females

• Helpfulness, kindness, compassion


• Collectivist
Evaluation

Too much reliance on self-reports


Evaluating
Humanistic Not scientific?
Theories • How define self-actualization tendency?

Contribution to psychotherapy approaches


• Characteristics of therapist
• Discrepancies between perceived self & ideal self

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy