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ENGG1960 Engineering Drawings Lecture Introduction 2014

This document provides an overview of engineering drawings. It begins by defining an engineering drawing as a technical drawing that clearly communicates a design to other parties for purposes such as collaboration, manufacturing or quality control. It explains that engineering drawings are needed to develop designs, communicate them to others, and provide manufacturers with working drawings based on original designs. The document then covers various types of drawings including layout drawings, proposal drawings, and detail drawings. It also discusses the history of engineering drawings and techniques for pictorial sketches and projections.

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200 views29 pages

ENGG1960 Engineering Drawings Lecture Introduction 2014

This document provides an overview of engineering drawings. It begins by defining an engineering drawing as a technical drawing that clearly communicates a design to other parties for purposes such as collaboration, manufacturing or quality control. It explains that engineering drawings are needed to develop designs, communicate them to others, and provide manufacturers with working drawings based on original designs. The document then covers various types of drawings including layout drawings, proposal drawings, and detail drawings. It also discusses the history of engineering drawings and techniques for pictorial sketches and projections.

Uploaded by

crazzyraj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EngineeringDrawings

AshortseriesoflecturesonEngineeringDrawingasPartofENGG1960
IntroductiontoBiomedicalEngineering1ByPaulBriozzo

WhatisanEngineeringDrawing?
AnEngineeringDrawingisatechnical(notartistic)drawingwhich
clearlydefinesandcommunicatesadesigntootherinterestedparties.
Otherpartiesmayhaveaninterestindesigncollaboration,procurement/purchasing,
costing,manufacturing,qualitycontrol,marketing,handling/packaging.

Whydoweneedtoknow
aboutEngineeringDrawings?
Toallowourdesignstodevelopfromathoughtorconcepttoa
design/sketchonpaper.
Toenableustocommunicateourdesigns/sketchestocolleaguesfor
review.
Toconvertoursketches/designsintolayoutdrawingswhichshow
howourideaslinkuptoexistinginfrastructures.
Toincludeourdesign/sketchesaspartofaproposalforclient/
managementapprovalandreview.
ToprovideManufacturerswithworkingEngineeringDrawings
basedfromouroriginaldesigns/sketches.

Considerthefollowingdescription
ofaVBlock

MATERIAL:CASTIRON

PictorialFreehand

ExamplesofLayoutDrawings

CollapsibleCanoeOutriggerDesignProject,1998
UndergraduateDesignProjectundertheLeadershipofA/Prof.HarryLipkin,GeorgiaTechUniversity

ExamplesofLayoutDrawings

LunarModuleLandingGearPlans,NASA,1969

ProposalDrawing

EngineeringdrawingbyHarryC.Shoaf (SpaceTaskGroupEngineering
Division)oftheproposedlunarlandertobeusedwithanadvanced
versionoftheMercuryspacecraft.(Shoaf,Drawing,Nov.15,1961.)

LunarLander,1969

Surveyor1,1966

EngineeringDrawing

DetailDrawing(FinishDrawing)ofConnectingRod,M.Jacek 1973

TheHistoryofEngineeringDrawing
FreeHandSketches LeonardoDaVinci 1500AD

Designforaflyingmachinec1488

Rhombicuboctahedron

Anatomicalstudyofthearmc1510
Sforzamonument

GraphicalProjections
Projections

Parallel
Projection

Perspective

Oblique

Orthogonal

Axonometric/
Isometric

Orthographic

1st Angle

2nd Angle

3rd Angle

4th Angle

Perspective

Staircase twopointperspective

Cube onepointperspective

Cube twopointperspective

Cube twopointperspective

Cube twopointperspective

Methodand
RulesofProjections
Method

Selectaviewfromthemostadvantageousposition.
Observeoverallstructurefirst.
Note:parallelism,proportionsandalignment.

RulesofProjection

Objectviewedfrom.
Parallellinesremainparallel.
Proportionsremainunchanged.
Circlesarealwaysellipseswiththemajoraxisofellipse
perpendiculartothepolaraxisofcircle.
Transformationof90 angles.

ParallelProjection
Parallel
Projection

Oblique

Orthogonal

Axonometric/
Isometric

Orthographic

1st Angle

2nd Angle

3rd Angle

4th Angle

ObliqueProjection

ObliqueProjection
CavalierandCabinetProjections

Cavalier

Cabinet

Cavalierviewsarenotpreferred.Theyshowlineswhichrepresent
thedepthoftheobjectasbeingdisproportionallylong.Eventhough
theyareparalleltoeachother,depthlinesappeartodivergeaway
fromeachother.
CabinetviewsarepreferredoverCavalier.Theissueofdepth
disproportionalityanddivergenceissomewhateliminatedby
halvingthedepthdimension.

ObliqueProjection
4BasicRules

1.Placetheobjectsothattheviewwiththemostdetailisparalleltothepictureplane.

2.Placetheobjectsothatthelongestdimensionrunshorizontallyacrossthesheet.

ObliqueProjection
4BasicRules

3.Insomecasesthepreviousrulesconflict,andwhenthisisso,Rule1has
preferenceastheadvantagegainedbyhavingtheirregularfacewithoutdistortionis
greaterthanthatgainedbyobservingRule2.
4.Decisionsaboutviewinganobjectinobliqueprojectionshouldaimtoshowthe
objectsothatitsshapeismostclearlypresentedandisconducivetoshowingits
dimensions.

AxonometricProjection

ProjectionlinesareperpendiculartoProjectionPlane.
PrincipalaxesinclinedtoProjectionPlane.

Isometric(EqualScaling)

Dimetric
Trimetric

IsometricDimetric

OrthogonalProjection
Orthogonal

Orthographic

1st Angle

2nd Angle

3rd Angle

4th Angle

3rd AngleProjection

st
1

AngleProjection

DihedralAngles 1st AngleEmphasised

Emok26th ofJune2008

Free HandPictorialSketching

DesignHandbook:EngineeringDrawingandSketching
MITOpenCourseware

DesignHandbook:EngineeringDrawingandSketching
MITOpenCourseware

Whydoweneedtodothiswhenweallhavecamerasonour
mobilephonesandcansketchonourtablets?

Notesomeofthefeaturesanddifferencesbetween
theSolidWorks renderingandthephoto
Focus
Hiddenfeatures

Shadows

Scratches/stains/blemishes
Lackofparallellinesaddsdistortion

Reflection

ConstructionofFreehandPictorialSketching
TheThing

SuitableDrawingSize

Linesthatareparallelonthe
objectshouldbeparallel
onthesketch

LineDrawingonly(NoShading)

LineQuality

Proportionsoffeatures
withintheobject
mustremainthesame

ThreeFacesVisible
(Thefaceswhichshowmostdetail)

Sketchingaboundingboxforan
ellipse
Boxdefinestheperimeter
ofthecylinder

Minoraxis(orPolaraxis)
oftheellipsegoesthrough
theintersectionofthe
twoaxisandisparallelto
theedgeofthebox

MinoraxisdoesNOTgo
throughthecornersof
thebox

Definetwoaxismidwayand
paralleltoeachsideofthebox

Sketchinganellipse
Definemajoraxisofthe
ellipsegoingthroughthe
intersectionpointandat
90 totheminoraxis
Sketchellipsenotingthat
minorandmajoraxis
defineouterlimitsoftheellipse

EllipsecurvesdoNOTnecessarily
blendattheintersectionpoints

Projectinganellipse
Projecttheellipseforward
tothecorrectdistance
alongtheboss

Removeallconstructionlines

Tracetheellipseinthe
newpositionanderasethe
hiddenarcsfromthe
originalellipse

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