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Fundamental of Convection

This document provides an overview of key concepts in heat transfer via convection and radiation. It includes: - Definitions of convection as heat transfer due to fluid flow over a surface, and radiation as heat transfer via electromagnetic waves. - Equations for calculating convective and radiative heat transfer rates. - Examples of calculating surface temperature given heat dissipation and convection/radiation conditions. - Reminders about homework due and an upcoming help session for the class.

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66 views6 pages

Fundamental of Convection

This document provides an overview of key concepts in heat transfer via convection and radiation. It includes: - Definitions of convection as heat transfer due to fluid flow over a surface, and radiation as heat transfer via electromagnetic waves. - Equations for calculating convective and radiative heat transfer rates. - Examples of calculating surface temperature given heat dissipation and convection/radiation conditions. - Reminders about homework due and an upcoming help session for the class.

Uploaded by

faris fauzi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CH EN 3453 – Heat Transfer

Fundamentals of
Convection and Radiation

Reminders
• Homework #1 due Friday at 4:00 p.m.
– Minus 50% if not in by 4:00
– Solutions to 2-5 are at www.chen3453.com

• Help session today


– 4:30 p.m. in MEB 2325
• Conflicts with that time?
– Come with questions
Convection

• Heat transfer due to the


combined influence of bulk
and random motion for fluid
flow over a surface.
• Requires the presence of
temperature variations in the
material medium

Figure 1.1(b) Convection

Convective Heat Transfer Rate


Relation of convection to flow over a surface and development
of velocity and thermal boundary layers:

Newton’s law of cooling:


Eq. 1.3a

h = Convection heat transfer coefficient (W/m2·K)


Types of Convective Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer Coefficient h


Example – Convection
The case of a power transistor, which is of length L = 10 mm
and diameter D = 12 mm, is cooled by an air stream of
temperature T∞ = 25°C. Under conditions for which the air
maintains an average convection coefficient of h = 100 W/m2·K
on the surface of the case, what is the maximum allowable
power dissipation if the surface temp is not to exceed 85°C?

Radiation

• Energy that is emitted by matter


due to changes in the electron
configurations of its atoms or
molecules and is transported as
electromagnetic waves (or
photons).
• Transport does not require a
material medium and occurs
most efficiently in a vacuum.
Figure 1.1(c) Radiation
Radiation

Radiative Heat Transfer Rate


Heat transfer at a gas/surface interface involves radiation
emission from the surface and may also involve the
absorption of radiation incident from the surroundings
(irradiation, G), as well as convection (if Ts ≠ T∞)
Energy outflow due to emission:

E : Emissive power (W/m2)


ε : Surface emissivity (0 ≤ ε ≤ 1)
Eb : Emissive power of a blackbody (the perfect emitter)
σ : Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67 x 10–8 W/m2·K4)

Energy absorption due to irradiation:

Gabs : Absorbed incident radiation (W/m2)


α : Surface absorptivity (0 ≤ α ≤ 1)
G : Irradiation (W/m2)
Example – Radiation
A spherical interplanetary probe of 0.5-m diameter contains
electronics that dissipate 150 W. If the probe surface has an
emissivity of 0.8 and the probe does not receive radiation from
other surfaces as, for example, from the sun, what is its surface
temperature?

Example – Convection + Radiation


Aluminum plate 4 mm thick mounted horizontally with bottom
well insulated. Thin coating on top absorbs 80% of incident
solar radiation while having an emissivity of 0.25. Density and
specific heat of Al are 2700 kg/m3 and 900 J/kg·K.
(a) If plate, initially at 25°C is suddenly exposed to air at 20°C
(h = 20 W/m2·K) and radiation of 900 W/m2, what is the initial
rate of temperature change?
(b) What will equilibrium temperature of plate be?

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