North London

Collegiate School
Jeju

Mathematics: analysis and approaches

Higher Level
Paper 3

Mock Examination (2020) NAME: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

60 minutes TEACHER: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Instructions to Candidates

• Answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Fill in all details on the front
of the answer booklet, and attach it to this examination paper.

• A graphics display calculator is required for this paper.

• All necessary working should be shown in every question. Marks may be deducted
for illegible or incomplete working.

• Unless otherwise stated, all numerical answers should be given exactly or correct
to three significant figures.

• A clean copy of the Mathematics: analysis and approaches formula booklet is

required for this paper.

• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [55]

Marker’s use only.

SECTION Q1 Q2 Total %

MARKS
25 30 55
Answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Please start each question on a new
page. Full marks are not necessarily awarded for a correct answer with no working. Answers
must be supported by working and/or explanations. Solutions found from a graphic display
calculator should be supported by suitable working. For example, if graphs are used to find a
solution, you should sketch these as part of your answer. Where an answer is incorrect, some
marks may be given for a correct method, provided this is shown by written working. You are
therefore advised to show all working.

1. [Maximum mark: 25]

This question will investigate the identity called Sophomore’s Dream which looks at the
definite integral of G G from G = 0 to G = 1.

π 1
(a) First, we will examine the gamma function (=) = C = 1 4 C dC. You may use
π 1 0

the result for improper integrals that 5 (C) dC = lim [ (C)] 10

0 1!1

(i) Explain why (1) = 1 [2]

(ii) Show that (= + 1) = = (=) [5]
(iii) Hence, prove by induction that (=) = (= 1)! for = 2 Z+ . [4]

(b) We now aim to find a method to evaluate the integral of G G. We first define the
π 1
G=
integral = = ( ln G) = · dG.
0 =!
(i) By making the substitution D = ln G, show that [3]
π 1
1
= = D = 4 (=+1)D dD
=! 0

(ii) Now by making the substitution C = (= + 1)D and considering part [4]
(a) show that:
1
= =
(= + 1) =+1
(iii) Show that the Maclaurin series for 4 G is given by: [2]
’
1
G=
G
4 =
==0
=!

’
1
G=
(iv) Deduce that 4 G ln G = ( ln G) = · . [1]
==0
=!

(v) Hence, deduce the Sophomore’s Dream identity: [4]

π 1 ’
1
G G
dG = = =
0 ==1

1
 (a) Ci )
b

Tle
)=§%tdt= sling ,
[ e- % ①

①
- b

= lim e th = 0+1=1
↳ so

②
tdt
-

U= th dr=e
•

) T ( net > Edt

{
-

(
ii the dunt
' ' -

dt t
=
r e-

Job In
C the
{
'
+
tdt
- -
-

+ n
lim e
-

b. so

I e- be
=
lim -

n Tcn ) ①
is Soo
-

-1¥ b÷g If
lim -
I e- = indeterminate
is -22 , form

C '
ltopitol 's
on ,
Iim b rue
= - n -

btw Tes f

IED
= -
n
! lim
b Joo
-
L
es
⇒
①
T' ( htt ) NT ( n )
Therefore =
Ciii )

Pn : Tcn ) -_ Cn - i ) !

Pg i Tld )= 1=0
! ①
Assume that Pa : TLE) -1k -
D ! is true for all
ktN
Peet : Mckell = k.it'LL I = K - Ck D !=
-
k !

'

As Pn is true ft 7=1 and also true

fo - he ktl wherever true for 7=4 ,

Pr
by principle of mathematical Induction is

'
true f- all NEN

(b) Ci )
due de
④
U= -
lnx , DX
-
= -

x
-

-
u
e

when x → O ou so
-

* =L u=o
④
,

O n

In = -

J w(e e-
"
du

⑤
a
n !
•
cnthudu
÷ {
" -

= u e
 ( ii ) t= ( menu so dt= Chthon ①
when U=O t=0

①
,

when Ck -2A t SD

ntnttetdt ①
t.gg
-

In -_
( nth
htt

=t¥ # ⇒ ①
.
'
.

Intl
( net )

"
) ④
d÷n
( iii ) ( ex
By using e =

÷ .
xn .
÷
.
④
Liv )
&
" "
I
×

e- C- xlnx )
Tl
①
no

D
"
= 2 Linx )
re
n
!

' '

§ ①
'"
( )
×

×-×d×= e- dx
§
v

{ II
'
⇐
-
l -

wxYx÷oex①

It { C
"

)
=
-
in at

⑦
=3 In

no

d-
=
I
no lntygntl

let k= net

.EE I .
tense
,
n'
①
,
 2. [Maximum mark: 30]

The sequence of numbers G 0 , G1 , G2 , . . . is given by

G 0 = sin2 \
G =+1 = 4G = (1 G=)

(a) Show that G 1 = sin2 (2\). [2]

(b) Find and simplify an expression for G 2 and G 3 . [2]

(c) Prove by induction that G = = sin2 (2= \) for = 2 N. [5]

A sequence is defined to be periodic with period ? under the two conditions:

• 0 =+ ? = 0 = for all values of =,
• 0 =+: < 0 = for : < ?.
<

(d) Using the recurrence formula, find all values of G 0 such that G = is periodic with [3]
period 1.

(e) Find a value of G 0 correct to 3 decimal places such that G = is periodic with [4]
period 2.

The sequence H 0 , H 1 , H 2 , . . . is given by

H0 = 0 (0  0 < 1)
(
2H = 0  H = < 12
H =+1 = 1
2H = 1 2  H=  1

(f) Show that if G = = sin2 (2cH = ) then G =+1 = sin2 (2cH =+1 ) [3]
1
(g) Show that if H 0 = then H = is periodic with period 3. [1]
7
(h) Hence, find the exact value of G 0 such that G = is periodic with period 3. [2]

(i) Find an exact value of G 0 such that G = is periodic with period 4, and explain why [4]
its period is 4.

(j) Find an expression for G 0 in terms of : that will result in G = having a period of :, [4]
and explain why its period is :.

End of Exam

2
(2) (a) xl= Li sins f (t - okra )
④
= Ll > In 2€ c→2f

=
( 2 sine - ooo )
-
④
= Sharda AG

(b ) xz= 4sin22f( I -
airiest )

= Li Jin 220 . 22£

=
@ sin 2A - Coosa )2 ④

240×3
In
=

=
Leah 240 ( t - stout )

④
I

=
Stiff

(c ) Pr : ( 2ha )
-
xn= sin

Po i Xo =
Sins f- = sins ( 2°F ) is true .

⑤
Assume that Pk : Xk= sins ( 2kt ) is the f- oh KEN
µ①
Prove that Pket i xecela Spf ( 24ha ) is true .
 Lita -_ Xket = 4x4 ( t - Xk )

)
①
'
=
4 sins ( 2K a) ( t -
Sin ( 2kt )

= Sins ( 2 -
Jo )

= sin
-
( 2410 )
①
Po is
to be true, Pett is to be true
proven proven

that Pie MI , Pn
④new
given is true
, by is true f- ah

(d) tf xn is t -
periodic

then xe= XO

④
so Lix - ( t - Xo )= Xo

Xo (4 - Llxo -
1) =D

Xo =D o - xo= I
4
④

(e)
× 2=16×0 ( t -
Xo ) (t - Lex - Cl - xo ) ) ①
if Xs= xo
,
then xn is 2- periodic

!⑤
Byuoiya YGDC ④ Oo - o -
75 →
e -
period

I 0.346 or I O Sos
)
µ¥8ray other
-

way
(f) tf
-
(
×n= Sin
Zayn )

Then xntl= Lists 2(

Zayn ) K -
sins ( Zayn ) )

=
sink 2×2 ) A①
Abo Sin 42 net )= sin - ( 2rx2yn) if @
Ignaz
④
Or sins ( 2x ( Lyn - t ) ) if Az syn EI

sins ( 2×2
)
-
=
n

( 2E Zayn )
'
= Sin x do
period of six

is 2in

(g) do -_

f- ,
de
=3 , y 2=41 ,
ss=
If -1=20
i.
period is 3 .
( the nomber of terms within the repeated
pat
( W)
( royo ) ( 245 )
'
to = sins Sh
=

④ ④
Ci ) tf yo -_A!ya= ios -_
¥ -
To -_
Is -
94=75

i. In is Li - periodic ①
Then Xn is Li periodic with * • =
sin(2÷ ) ①
Indeed sink 240) # sin
-
chess # sinks 5) ⇒ sinus 2) ④
(s)
'

if yo -_ 1-
"
①yi=
I
2-
"
s . . .

, see , =
2⑤t Z
z - -
t
z
2K - f

k - I
2.
2-
×
and y u =
-
y = -
l
K
2. I

⑦
-

2k -
I

"

2 - ( 2K -
t )
=
-
=
yo
sie -

i.
yn is k -
periodic .

( III )
-
and xn is also K -
periodic if xo= sin