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Me430 Internal Combustion Engine: Nstructor: Dr. Salih Karaaslan Chapter 3: Air-Standart Ideal Cycles

This document contains examples and solutions for problems related to internal combustion engine cycles. It includes details of an air-standard Diesel cycle operating with a compression ratio of 16.5:1 and combustion efficiency of 98%. Temperatures, pressures, specific volumes and other parameters are calculated at each state of the cycle. It also includes a problem on an ideal Otto cycle operating with a compression ratio of 8, asking to determine the maximum temperature and pressure, net work output, thermal efficiency and mean effective pressure. The solutions show the calculations using the appropriate equations while accounting for variation in specific heats of air with temperature.

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Ali ŞENER
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116 views6 pages

Me430 Internal Combustion Engine: Nstructor: Dr. Salih Karaaslan Chapter 3: Air-Standart Ideal Cycles

This document contains examples and solutions for problems related to internal combustion engine cycles. It includes details of an air-standard Diesel cycle operating with a compression ratio of 16.5:1 and combustion efficiency of 98%. Temperatures, pressures, specific volumes and other parameters are calculated at each state of the cycle. It also includes a problem on an ideal Otto cycle operating with a compression ratio of 8, asking to determine the maximum temperature and pressure, net work output, thermal efficiency and mean effective pressure. The solutions show the calculations using the appropriate equations while accounting for variation in specific heats of air with temperature.

Uploaded by

Ali ŞENER
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2020-2021 Spring

Gazi University
Faculty of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department

ME430 INTERNAL COMBUSTİON ENGİNE

Instructor : Dr. Salih Karaaslan


Chapter 3 : Air-Standart Ideal Cycles

EXAMPLES

Q1: A large vintage straight six CI truck engine operates on an air-standard Diesel cycle (Fig.
1) using heavy diesel fuel with a combustion efficiency of 98%.The engine has a compression
ratio of 16.5:1. Temperature and pressure in the cylinders at the start of the compression stroke
are 55°C and 102 kPa, and maximum cycle temperature is 2410°C.

Calculate:
1. temperature, pressure, and specific volume at each state of the cycle
2. air–fuel ratio of the cylinder gas mixture
3. cylinder temperature when the exhaust valve opens
4. indicated thermal efficiency of the engine

Solution:

(1) State 1:

State 2:
Equations below give temperature and pressure after isentropic compression:

State 3:

By S. Karaaslan
2020-2021 Spring

Using related equation for cutoff ratio,

State 4:

Equations below give temperature and pressure after isentropic expansion:

Eq. below is used to find the air–fuel ratio:

In air-standard Diesel cycle, the exhaust valve opens at state 4:

The work produced during the compression stroke is found;

The work produced during combustion is found;

Work during power stroke is calculated

Work during constant-volume blowdown is ;

By S. Karaaslan
2020-2021 Spring

Net work per unit mass of gas in cylinder for one cycle

The heat added per unit mass for one cycle:

The indicated thermal efficiency is;

Thermal efficiency can also be found using related Eqn.

Q2: An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. At the beginning of the compression
process, air is at 100 kPa and 17°C, and 800 kJ/kg of heat is transferred to air during the
constant-volume heat-addition process. Accounting for the variation of specific heats of air with
temperature, Determine;

(a) the maximum temperature and pressure that occur during the cycle,
(b) the net work output,
(c) the thermal efficiency, and
(d ) the mean effective pressure for the cycle.

Solution An ideal Otto cycle is considered. The maximum temperature and pressure, the net
work output, the thermal efficiency, and the mean effective pressure are to be determined.

By S. Karaaslan
2020-2021 Spring

Assumptions 1 The air-standard assumptions are applicable. 2 Kinetic and potential energy
changes are negligible. 3 The variation of specific heats with temperature is to be accounted
for.

Analysis The P-v diagram of the ideal Otto cycle described is shown in Fig. We note that the
air contained in the cylinder forms a closed system.

(a) The maximum temperature and pressure in an Otto cycle occur at the end of the constant-
volume heat-addition process (state 3). But first we need to determine the temperature and
pressure of air at the end of the isentropic compression process (state 2), using data from Tables;

By S. Karaaslan
2020-2021 Spring

By S. Karaaslan
2020-2021 Spring

By S. Karaaslan

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