VELAMMAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHENNAI 600 066

QUESTION BANK
Course Code / Name : 21ME206T / THERMAL ENGINEERING Year / Sem: II / IV / B
Department : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Unit No / Name : UNIT – I – GAS POWER CYCLES

*CAP
**PP *** COs Question
BL
2 MARKS
K2 P1 CO1 Explain mean effective pressure of Dual cycle.

K1 P1 CO1 List out the assumptions made for the analysis of thermodynamic air cycles.

Complete the Otto cycle process by its P-V and T-S planes and name all the
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processes.

K1 P1 CO1 Define air standard cycle efficiency of an Otto Cycle.

Compute the change in compression ratio affect the air standard efficiency of an
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ideal Otto Cycle.

K1 P1 CO1 Define MEP as applied to gas power cycles. Summarize its significance.

Illustrate the expression for MEP for an Otto cycle in terms of compression ratio
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and other parameters.

In an Otto cycle, pressure ratio during compression is 11. Estimate the air standard
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cycle efficiency.

A Carnot cycle works between the temperatures 300K and 700K. Calculate the
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maximum work possible per Kg of air.

Show the Diesel cycle on P-V and T-S planes and mention the four thermodynamic
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processes involved.

Consider a Diesel engine has a compression ratio of 14 and cut-off takes place at
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6% of the stroke. Calculate the air standard efficiency.

K1 P1 CO1 Draw the actual p-v diagram for four strokes SI Engine.

K1 P1 CO1 Define air standard cycle efficiency of a diesel Cycle.

K1 P1 CO1 Name the factors that affect the air standard efficiency of diesel cycle.

K1 P1 CO1 Define the terms compression ratio and cut-off ratio.

Form No.AC 08 E Rev.No.02 Effective Date:01.12.2016

 Predict the effect of cut-off ratio on the efficiency of diesel cycle when the
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compression ratio is kept constant.

K1 P1 CO1 Draw the Dual cycle on P-V and T-S planes and order the various processes.

Prepare the P - v & T - s diagram for Otto cycle and Diesel cycle and Dual cycle
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for the same compression ratio and heat rejection, compare the efficiency.

For the same compression ratio and heat supplied, Identify the order of decreasing
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air standard efficiency of Otto, Diesel and Dual cycles.

Extend the Brayton cycle (Limited pressure cycle) on P-V and T-S planes and
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mention the various processes.

13 MARKS
(a) Prepare an expression for air standard efficiency of an Otto cycle. Obtain an
expression for Mean effective pressure of an Otto cycle.

(b) An engine works on Otto Cycle. The initial pressure and temperature of the air
K3 P1 CO1 is 1 bar and 40˚C, 825 KJ of heat is supplied per Kg of air at the end of the
compression. Calculate the temperature and pressure at the salient points if the
compression ratio is 6. Calculate the efficiency and mean effective pressure for the
cycle. Assume air is used as working fluid and take all ideal conditions.

In an engine working on constant volume cycle, the pressure, temperature and

volume at the beginning of the cycle are 1.2 bar, 35˚C and 0.5 m3 respectively. At
the end of compression stroke, the pressure is 12 bars. 315 KJ of heat is added per
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kg of gas during constant volume heating process. Calculate the pressure,
temperature and volume at all points. Also Calculate the air standard efficiency of
the cycle.

A six cylinder petrol engine has a compression ratio of 5:1. The clearance volume
of each cylinder is 110 CC. It operates on the four stroke constant volume cycle
K3 P1 CO1 and the indicated efficiency ratio referred to air standard efficiency is 0.56. At the
speed of 2400 rpm, it consumes 10 Kg of fuel per hour. The calorific value of fuel
is 44000 KJ.Kg. Calculate the average indicated mean effective pressure.

The compression ratio in an air-standard Otto cycle is 8.At the beginning of

compression process, the pressure is 1 bar and the temperature is 300 K. The heat
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transfer to the air per cycle is 1900 kJ.kg of air. Calculate (i) Thermal efficiency (ii)
The mean effective pressure.

Explain mean effective pressure of a Diesel cycle in terms of pressure ratio, cut off
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ratio and compression ratio.

K2 P1 CO1 An air standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 12 and cut-off takes place

Form No.AC 08 E Rev.No.02 Effective Date:01.12.2016

 at 5.5 % of the stroke. Estimate the air standard efficiency of the cycle.

1 kg of air is taken through a diesel cycle. Initially the air is at 15˚C and 1 Atm. The
K2 P1 CO1 compression ratio is 14 and the heat added is 1850 KJ. Estimate the ideal cycle
efficiency and the mean effective pressure.

An air-standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 18, and the heat transferred
to the working fluid per cycle 1800 kJ.kg. At the beginning of the compression
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stroke, the pressure is 1 bar and the temperature is 300 K. Calculate (i) Thermal
efficiency, (ii) The mean effective pressure.

The temperature and pressure of air at the beginning of dual cycle are 50oC and 1
bar. The air is isentropically compressed to (1.14th) of its initial volume. At the end
of compression, the heat is added at constant volume till its pressure increases to
twice the pressure at the end of compression. Then the heat is added at constant
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pressure till its volume increases twice that of the volume after compression. The
air isentropically expands to the end of stroke and heat is rejected at constant
volume. Calculate the efficiency of cycle, power of engine while working cycle
speed is 400 revolutions per min. Take stroke volume as 0.01m3.

In engine working on Dual cycle, the temperature and pressure at the beginning of
cycle are 90˚C and 1 bar. The compression ratio is 9. The maximum pressure is
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limited to 68 bar and total heat supplied per kg of air is 1750 KJ. Calculate air
standard efficiency and mean effective pressure.

K2 (a) Explain an expression for air standard efficiency of a Dual cycle in terms of
pressure ratio and compression ratio. Also prove that the mean effective pressure.

(b)The compression ratio of a Dual cycle is 10. The temperature and pressure at the
P1 CO1 beginning of the cycle are 1 bar and 27˚C. The maximum pressure of the cycle is
K3 limited to 70 bar and heat supplied is limited to 675kJ.kg of air. Calculate the
thermal efficiency of the cycle.

(a) Explain an expression for air standard efficiency of a Brayton cycle in terms of
K2 pressure ratio and compression ratio. Also prove that the pressure ratio for
maximum work is a function of limiting temperature ratio.
P1 CO1 (b) A gas turbine works on an air standard Brayton cycle. The initial condition of
the air is 25˚C and 1 bar. The maximum pressure and temperature are limited to 3
K3 bars and 650˚C. Compute the following (i) Cycle efficiency (ii) Heat supplied and
rejected per kg of air. (iii) Work output (iv) Exhaust temperature.

The extreme of pressure and temperature in an open circuit constant pressure gas
K3 P1 CO1 turbine plant are 1 bar, 5.25 bar and 25˚C and 560˚C respectively. The isentropic
efficiency of the turbine is 88 % and that of the compressor is 84 %. Calculate the
efficiency of the plant. a. If no regenerator is used and b. When regenerator with
Form No.AC 08 E Rev.No.02 Effective Date:01.12.2016
 66% effectiveness is used.

Air enters the compressor of a gas turbine plant operating on Brayton cycle at 1
bar, 27˚C. The pressure ratio in the cycle is 6. If WT = 2.5 WC, where WT and WC
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are the turbine and compressor work respectively, Calculate the maximum
temperature and the cycle efficiency.

PART-C (13 Marks)

An engine working on ideal Otto cycle has temperature and pressure, at the
beginning of isentropic compression as 25˚C and 1.5 bar respectively. Calculate the
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compression ratio, if γ = 1.4 and thermal efficiency of the engine = 48%. Also
Calculate the temperature and pressure at the end of compression.

A diesel engine operating on the air-standard Diesel cycle has six cylinders of 100
mm bore and 120 mm stroke. The engine speed is 1800 rpm. At the beginning of
compression the pressure and temperature of air are 1.030bar and 35˚C. If the
K3 P1 CO1 clearance volume is 1.8th of the stroke volume, calculate (i) the pressure and
temperature at the salient points of the cycle (ii) the compression ratio (iii) the
efficiency of the cycle and (iv) the power output if the air is heated to 1500˚C.
Assume Cp and Cv of air to be 1.004 and 0.717 kJ . kg K respectively.

For an engine working on the ideal Dual cycle, the compression ratio is 10 and the
maximum pressure is limited to 70 bar. If the heat supplied is 1680 kJ.kg, Calculate
the pressure and temperatures at the various salient points of the cycle and the cycle
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efficiency. The pressure and temperature of air at the commencement of
compression are 1 bar and 100˚C respectively. Assume Cp=1.004 kJ.kg K and Cv=
0.717 kJ.kg K for air.

The compression ratio of an engine is 10 and the temperature and pressure at the
start of compression is 37˚C and 1 bar. The compression and expansion processes
are both isentropic and the heat is rejected at exhaust at constant volume. The
amount of heat added during the cycle is 2730 kJ.kg. Calculate the mean effective
pressure and thermal efficiency of the cycle if (i) the maximum pressure is limited
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to 70 bar and heat is added at both constant volume and constant pressure and (ii) if
all the heat is added at constant volume. In this case how much additional work per
kg of charge would be obtained if it were possible to expand isentropically the
exhaust gases to their original pressure of 1 bar. Assume that the charge has the
same physical properties as that of air.
*CAP Blooms Level **Planning Pyramid ***Course outcomes (Minimum No. of questions per unit : 2marks-15; 8 marks-4; and 16 marks-10)

Prepared By Faculty Approved By CCC

(D.DINESHBABU)
Form No.AC 08 E Rev.No.02 Effective Date:01.12.2016