8

Mathematics
Activity Sheet
Quarter 4 – MELC 4
Proving Properties of Parallel Lines Cut
by a Transversal

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

i
Mathematics 8
Activity Sheet No. 4
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

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 Welcome to Mathematics 8

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Capiz and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas through
the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is developed to
guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible adults) in helping the
learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum.

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guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
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For learning facilitator:

The Mathematics Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the leaching-learning
activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) with minimal
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For the learner:

The Mathematics Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue learning even if
you are not in school. This learning material provides you with meaningful and
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and understand the instructions then perform the activities and answer the
assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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 Quarter 4, Week 4
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 4

Name: _____________________________ Grade Level and Section: __________

Date: ___________

MATHEMATICS 8 ACTIVITY SHEET

Proving Properties of Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal

I. Learning Competency

 Proves properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal. (M8GE-IVd-1)

II. Background Information for Learners

In this activity, you will focus on proving properties of parallel lines cut by
a transversal.
Two lines are parallel if and only if they are coplanar and they do not
intersect. (x ∥ 𝑦 )
x
y transversal
t
A line that intersects two or more lines is called a transversal.
The transversal creates eight angles. These eight angles in parallel lines
are:
1) Corresponding angles
2.) Alternate interior angles
3.) Alternate exterior angles
4.) Supplementary angles
Supplementary Angles are pairs of angles such that their sum is 180°.
Each of these has a theorem that can be used to prove that the two lines
are parallel.
Theorems on Proving Parallel Lines:
Corresponding Angles Theorem
If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the corresponding
angles are congruent.
Illustrative Examples: t
Given: a ∥ b and t is a transversal. 1 2
a
3 4

b 5 6
78
Fig. 1
a.) If a ∥ b and both are cut by t, then ∠1 ≅ ∠5,
∠3 ≅ ∠7, ∠2 ≅ ∠6, and ∠4 ≅ ∠8.

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 b.) If 𝑚∠1 = 50°, what is the 𝑚∠5?
Since ∠1 and ∠5 are corresponding angles, the two angles are
congruent. So 𝑚∠5 = 50°.
Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the alternate interior
angles are congruent.
Refer to fig.1:
If a ∥ b and both are cut by t, then ∠3 ≅ ∠6 and ∠4 ≅ ∠5.
If 𝑚∠3 = 105° then 𝑚∠6 = 105° since the two angles are
congruent.
Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the alternate
exterior angles are congruent.
If a ∥ b and both are cut by t, then ∠1 ≅ ∠8 and ∠2 ≅ ∠7.
If 𝑚∠1 = 95°, then 𝑚∠8 = 95° since the two angles are congruent.
Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
If two parallel lines cut by a transversal, then the same side interior
angles are supplementary.
If a ∥ b and both are cut by t, then 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠5 = 180° and
𝑚∠4 + 𝑚∠6 = 180°.
If 𝑚∠6 = 65°, what is the 𝑚∠4? Since the two angles are
supplementary, then:
𝑚∠4 + 𝑚∠6 = 180°
𝑚∠4 + 65° = 180°
𝑚∠4 = 180° − 65°
𝑚∠4 = 115°
Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem
If two parallel lines cut by a transversal, then the same side interior
angles are supplementary.
If a ∥ b and both are cut by t, then 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠7 = 180° and
𝑚∠2 + 𝑚∠8 = 180°.
If 𝑚∠1 = 72°, what is the 𝑚∠7? Since the two angles are
supplementary, then:
𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠7 = 180°
72° + 𝑚∠7 = 180°
𝑚∠7 = 180° − 72°
𝑚∠7 = 108°
Converse of Corresponding Angles Theorem
If a transversal cuts two lines and their corresponding angles are
congruent, then the two lines are parallel.
Converse of Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
If a transversal cuts two lines and their same side interior angles
are supplementary, then the two lines are parallel.

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 Transitive Property of Congruence
Two objects that are congruent to a third object are also
congruent to each other.
Vertical Angles Theorem
Angles that are opposite each other and formed by two
intersecting - straight lines are congruent.
Illustrative Example:
Refer to the figure at the right.
Pairs of vertical angles
∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠3 1
4 2
∠2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠4 3

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook

Mathematics Learner’s Module 8 pp. 450-454
Module 9: Parallelism and Perpendicularity pp. 482-486
Lesson 1: Parallelism and Perpendicularity
www.ck12.org> 𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑘 > 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

IV. Activity Proper

Exercise 1

Directions: Given the following information, determine which lines are

parallel. State the theorem that justifies your answer.

1 2 3 4
x 87 65

9 10 11 12
y
16 15 14 13

w z
1. ∠1 ≅ ∠5 ____________________________________

2. ∠7 ≅ ∠9 ____________________________________

3. 𝑚∠8 + 𝑚∠9 = 180° _____________________________

4. ∠16 ≅ ∠14 ____________________________________

5. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠4 = 180° _____________________________

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 6. ∠3 ≅ ∠13 _____________________________________

7. ∠2 ≅ ∠10 _____________________________________

8. ∠11 ≅ ∠15 _____________________________________

9. 𝑚∠4 + 𝑚∠13 = 180° ____________________________

10. ∠8 ≅ ∠6 _____________________________________

Exercise 2
Directions: Find the value of the indicated angle that makes line g and h
parallel. State the theorem that justifies your answer.

1. x g ___________________________

h
118°

2. g ___________________________
(x-20)
70°
h

3. ___________________________
4x

80° g
h

4. 2x ____________________________
g
60°
h

5. _____________________________
106° g

x h

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Guide Questions
Answer the following questions based on the activity above.
1.) What pairs of angles are formed when two lines are cut by a transversal?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2.) What pairs of angles have equal measures? What pairs of angles are
supplementary?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3.) Can the measures of any pair of angles (supplementary or equal) guarantee
the parallelism of lines?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Exercise 3
Directions: Fill in the blank with correct statements or reasons to prove that the
lines are parallel.

1. Given: ∠7 ≅ ∠8 q 9
Prove: q ∥ r 8
r 7

Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given
2. ∠8 ≅ ∠9 2.
3. ∠7 ≅ ∠9 3.
4. q ∥ r 4.

2. Given: f ∥ g 10 f
Prove: ∠6 ≅ ∠8 8 g

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 Statements Reasons
1. f ∥ g 1.
2. ∠6 ≅ ∠10 2.
3. 3. Vertical Angles Theorem
4. ∠6 ≅ ∠8 4.

3. Given: ∠9 and ∠12 are supplementary

d
Prove: d ∥ e 13 12

9 e

Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given
2. ∠9 and ∠12 are supplementary 2.
3. ∠9 ≅ ∠13 3.
4. d ∥ e 4.

4. Given: ∠2 and ∠4 are supplementary

Prove: a ∥ b a
2
b 4
6

Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given
2. 𝑚∠2 + 𝑚∠4 = 180° 2.
3. a ∥ b 3.

5. Given: m ∥ n and l ∥ p
16 14
Prove: ∠16 ≅ ∠4 m

n
4
l p
Statements Reasons
1. m ∥ n and l ∥ p 1.
2. 2. Corresponding Angles Theorem
3. ∠14 ≅ ∠4 3.
4. ∠16 ≅ ∠4 4.

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V. Reflection

Guide Questions

1. What have you learned from the lesson?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

2. How can you apply it to real-life situation/s?

________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

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 8
Exercise 3:
1.
Statements Reasons
1. ∠7 ≅ ∠8
2. Vertical Angles Theorem
3. Transitive Property of Congruence
4. Converse of Corresponding Angles Theorem
2.
Statements Reasons
1. Given
2. Corresponding Angles Theorem
3. ∠8 ≅ ∠10
4. Transitive Property of Congruence
3.
Statements Reasons
1. ∠9 and ∠12 are supplementary
2. Linear Pair
3. Corresponding Angles Theorem
4. Converse of Corresponding Angles Theorem
4.
Statements Reasons
1. ∠2 and ∠4 are supplementary
2. Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
3. Converse of Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
5.
Statements Reasons
1. Given
2. ∠16 ≅ ∠14
3. Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
4. Transitive Property of Congruence
Exercise 1:
Parallel Lines Theorem
1. w ∥ z Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
Exercise 2:
2. x ∥ y Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
1. 118° ; Corresponding Angles Theorem
3. x ∥ y Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
2. 90° ; Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
4. w ∥ z Corresponding Angles Theorem
3. 20° ; Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
5. w ∥ z Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem
4. 60° ; Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem
6. x ∥ y Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
5. 74° ; Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
7. x ∥ y Corresponding Angles Theorem
8. w ∥ z Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
9. x ∥ y Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem
10. w ∥ z Corresponding Angles Theorem
Answer Key
References for Learners

 MELC
 Mathematics Learner’s Module for Grade 8