DETAILED LESSON PLAN

MATHEMATICS Grade 8 - Regular

School Teaching Dates/ March 22 -24, 2021

PAMPANGA HIGH SCHOOL Week (Week 6)
Teacher Quarter Third
GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS TEACHERS

I. OBJECTIVES

A. Content Standards
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of axiomatic structure of
geometry and triangle congruence.

B. Performance Standards
The learner is able to communicate mathematical thinking with coherence and clarity
in formulating, investigating, analyzing, and solving real-life problems involving
congruent triangles using appropriate and accurate representations.

C. Learning Competencies
Proves statements on triangle congruence (M8GE-IIIh-1)

D. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

1. recall the different parts of a right triangle;

2. state and verify the different congruence theorems on right triangle;
a. The LL Congruence Theorem
b. The LA Congruence Theorem
c. The Hy-L Congruence Theorem
d. The Hy-A Congruence Theorem
3. formulate a brief but complete two-column proofs using the different congruence theorems

II. CONTENT
Proving Right Triangle Congruence
 The LL Congruence Theorem
 The LA Congruence Theorem
 The Hy-L Congruence Theorem
 The Hy-A Congruence Theorem

Learning Resources
A. References
“Mathematics Learner’s Module (Grade 8)” pages 361 - 364
by: Abuzo, Emmanuel P. et.al. DepEd-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat
“Exploring Math 8” pages 360 – 384
by: Oronce, Orlando A. and Mendoza, Marilyn O.
“Grade 8 Mathematics: Patterns and Practicalities” pages 384 - 390
by: Gladys P. Nivera, Ph.D
“e-math 8” pages 354 - 361
by: Oronce, Orlando A. et.al.

B. Other Learning Resources

https://prezi.com/b7l2e4tnqxzr/10-example-of-right-triangle-use-in-the-real-world/

III. PROCEDURES

DAY 1

A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson

Hello there! How are you?

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Do you still remember the last lesson you had?
Let us first have a review.

Do you still remember what a right triangle is?

When one of the angle of a triangle is right whose measure is equal to 90 degrees, the triangle
is called a right triangle. Right Triangles are very useful in finding the areas of a polygon. The
most important relationship for right triangles is the Pythagorean Theorem. Right triangles are
also significant in the study of geometry and in proving triangle congruence. Let us now study
the parts of a right triangle.

Every right triangle has three angles and three

sides. The three angles of a right triangle are
the right angle, and the two acute angles,
whereas the three sides are the two legs and
the hypotenuse. The two acute angles are
complement of each other. In a right triangle
the right angle always opposed the longest side,
called hypotenuse.
When the two legs of a right triangle are equal,
the right triangle is called an isosceles right triangle.

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

Recall that a right triangle is a triangle in which one of its

angles is a right angle (right angle measures exactly 90°
). The side of a right triangle opposite the right angle is
called the hypotenuse, the longest side of a right
triangle. The remaining two sides are called legs.

There are other theorems to prove congruence

between two triangles. These theorems are, however, exclusively for right triangles.

The L - L Theorem (Leg-

Leg Theorem)
If ∠C and ∠ R are right
angles,

If two legs of a right AC ≅ PR , and

triangle are congruent to
the corresponding legs of BC ≅ QR ,
another right triangle, then
then ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ PQR .
the two triangles are
congruent.

Now let us use LL Theoem in writing proofs.

Example 1
Given: ∠C and ∠ R are right angles,
AC ≅ PR , and
BC ≅ QR ,
Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ PQR

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Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. ∠ C and ∠ R are right angles 1. Given
2. ∆ ABC∧∆ PQR are right triangles 2. Definition of right triangles
3. AC ≅ PR 3. Given
BC ≅ QR
4. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ PQR 4. LL Theorem

Example 2

Given: ∠ L and ∠ O are right angles

N is the midpoint of LO
ML ≅ PO
Prove: ∆ MLN ≅ ∆ PON

Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. ∠ L and ∠ Oare right angles 1. Given
2. ∆ MLN ∧∆ PON are ¿ triangles 2. Definition of right triangles
3. N is the midpoint of LO 3. Given
4. ln ≅ ON 4. Definition of midpoint
5. ML ≅ PO 5. Given
6. ∆ MLN ≅ ∆ PON 6. LL Theorem

Now your turn.

Complete the proof by writing the missing statement or reason. Write your answers on your
notebook.

Given: ∠C and ∠ F are right angles

BC ≅ EF , and
AC ≅ DF
Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿
Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. ∠C and ∠ F are right angles 1.
2. 2. Definition of right triangles
3. BC ≅ EF 3.
AC ≅ DF
4. 4. LL Theorem

You should get,

Statements Reasons
1. ∠C and ∠ F are right angles 1. GIVEN
2. ∆ ABC∧∆≝¿ are right triangles 2. Definition of right triangles
3. BC ≅ EF 3. GIVEN
AC ≅ DF
4. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿ 4. LL Theorem

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If you got 3 out of 4 you may proceed to the next part of the discussion. If not, you have to go
back to example 1 and try all over again.

C. Presenting examples/instances of the new lesson

Aside from the Leg-Leg Theorem, there are other theorems to prove congruence between two
right triangles. For this lesson, we will have:

The L - A Theorem (Leg-

Acute Angle Theorem)
If ∠C and ∠ R are right
angles,

If a leg and an adjacent BC ≅ QR , and

acute angle of one right
triangle are congruent to ∠ B ≅ ∠Q
the corresponding leg and
then ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ PQR .
an adjacent acute angle of
another right triangle, then
the two right triangles are
congruent.

This statement is equivalent to the ASA Postulate we’ve learned because it involves right
angles which are congruent, a pair of sides with the same measure, and congruent acute
angles.

Example 1: In the figure, corresponding congruent parts are marked. Indicate the additional
corresponding parts needed to allow us to apply L-A Theorem.

SOLUTION:
In the figure,
∠KIM ≅ ∠KIA - Right Angles
∠M ≅ ∠A - Acute Angles
Therefore, the additional corresponding part needed is
any of the corresponding congruent sides (or legs) which
are ℑ ≅ IA or KI ≅ KI

Now, try on your own. Answer the next Example in your Math
notebook.
D
C
Example 2: In the following figures, D
D
D
corresponding congruent parts are marked.
Indicate the additional corresponding parts
needed to allow us to apply L-A Theorem.

You should get ∠C ≅ ∠D or ∠T ≅ ∠G

A T G O
D D D
If you got the correct answer, you may proceed to the next example. If not, I’m sorry but you
have to go back to example 1 and try again.

Let us find out how we can apply the L-A Theorem to prove that two right triangles are
congruent.

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Example 3:
Given: ∠C and ∠ R are right angles,
BC ≅ QR , and
∠ B ≅ ∠Q,
Prove: ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ PQR

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. ∠C and ∠ R are right angles 1. Given
2. ∆ ABC∧∆ PQR are right triangles 2. Definition of right triangles
3. BC ≅ QR , and ∠ B ≅ ∠ Q 3. Given
4. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ PQR 4. L-A Theorem

Now, try on your own. Answer the next Example in your Math notebook.

Example 4: Complete the proof by supplying the missing statement or reason.

Given: ∠ ACB and ∠ ACDare right angles,

AC bisects ∠ BAD

Prove: ∆ ACB ≅ ∆ ACD

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. ∠ ACB and ∠ ACDare right angles 1.
2. 2. Definition of right triangles
3. AC bisects ∠ BAD 3.
4. ∠1 ≅ ∠ 2 4.
5. 5. Reflexive Property
6. ∆ ACB ≅ ∆ ACD 6.

You should get

Statements Reasons
1. ∠ ACB and ∠ ACDare right angles 1. Given
2. ∆ ACB∧∆ ACD are ¿ triangles 2. Definition of right triangles
3. AC bisects ∠ BAD 3. Given
4. ∠1 ≅ ∠ 2 4. Definition of angle bisector
5. AC ≅ AC 5. Reflexive Property
6. ∆ ACB ≅ ∆ ACD 6. L-A Theorem

If your score is at least 4 out of 6, you may proceed to the next part of the discussion. If not, I’m
sorry but you have to go back to the given examples and try again.

DAY 2

D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #1

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Now that you have right triangles right in your heads, let’s look at Hypotenuse- Acute (HA)
Angle Theorem

If the hypotenuse and an acute angle of a right triangle are congruent to the hypotenuse and an
acute angle of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.

In the figure,
AC ≅ XZ (hypotenuse of the
triangles) and ∠ C ≅∠ Z (acute angles of the
triangles),

so,
∆ ABC ≅ ∆ XYZ by HA theorem since the
two triangles are right triangles.

This statement is the same as the AAS/SAA

Postulate because it includes right angles
(which are congruent), two congruent acute
angles, and a pair of congruent hypotenuse.

Let’s have some examples.

Example 1: Check whether the two triangles PQR and CBA are congruent

Solution:

PQ = CB (Hypotenuse)

∠ Q=∠ B (Acute angle)

Hence, the two triangles PQR and CBA are congruent by Hypotenuse- Acute (HA) Angle
theorem.

Let us find out now how we can apply the HA Theorem to prove that two right triangles are
congruent.

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Example 2.

Given:

∠ F∧∠O are ¿ angles∧UM ≅ RM

Prove: ∆ FUM ≅ ∆ORM

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1.∠ F∧∠ O are ¿ angles 1. Given
2. ∆ FUM ∧∆ ORM are right triangles 2. Definition of right triangles
3.UM ≅ RM 3. Given
4. ∠ FMU ≅ ∠OMR 4. VAT
5. ∆ FUM ≅ ∆ORM 5. HA Theorem

Now it’s your turn!

Example 3.

Complete the steps in each given proof, write your answer in your math notebook.

Given:

HB ⊥ OB , AX ⊥ NX , HO ≅ AN ,∧∠ O ≅ ∠ N

Prove: ∆ HBO ≅ ∆ AXN

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. HB ⊥ OB , AX ⊥ NX 1.
2. 2. Definition of perpendicularity
3. ∆ HBO∧∆ AXN are right triangles 3.
4. HO ≅ AN ,∠O ≅ ∠ N 4.
5. 5.

You should get,

Statements Reasons
1. HB ⊥ OB , AX ⊥ NX 1. Given
2. ∠ B∧∠ X are ¿ angles 2. Definition of perpendicularity
3. ∆ HBO∧∆ AXN are right triangles 3.Definition of Right triangles
4. HO ≅ AN ,∠O ≅ ∠ N 4. Given
5. : ∆ HBO ≅ ∆ AXN 5. HA Theorem

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If your score is at least 4 out of 6, you may proceed to the next part of the discussion. If not, I’m
sorry but you have to go back to the given examples and try again.

DAY 3

E. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills # 2

The Hypotenuse - Leg Theorem (HL Theorem)

If the hypotenuse and leg of one right triangle are congruent to the corresponding hypotenuse
and leg of another, then the two triangles are congruent.

If ∠ C and ∠ R are right angles,

AB ≅ PQ (hypotenuse) and

AC ≅ PR (leg), then

∆ ABC ≅ ∆ PQR by the HL Theorem.

Example 1: Prove that the given triangles are congruent by the HL Theorem.

Solution:
 ∆ ABC and ∆ PQR are right triangles
since they both have a right angle
 AB ≅ XZ (hypotenuse)
 AC ≅ ZY (leg)
 ∴ ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ XYZ by the HL Theorem

Example 2: In each figure, congruent parts are marked. Give additional congruent parts to
prove that the right triangles are congruent by the HL Theorem.
V
a. b. M T

I A
A H
N
Solutions:
Since VN ≅ VN (leg) Since TA ≅ AT (hypotenuse)
so IV ≅ AV (hypotenuse) so AM ≅ TH or TM ≅ AH (leg)

Example 3: Complete the proof by supplying the missing statement or reason.

Given: ∠ ADB and ∠ ADC are right angles
AB ≅ AC

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Prove: BD ≅ CD

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. ∠ ADB and ∠ ADC are right angles
2. ∆ ADB∧∆ ADC are right triangles
3. Given
4. AD ≅ AD
5. HL Theorem
6. BD ≅ CD

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1. ∠ ADB and ∠ ADC are right angles Given
2. ∆ ADB∧∆ ADC are right triangles Definition of Right triangles
3. AB ≅ AC Given
4. AD ≅ AD Reflexive Property
5. ∆ ADB ≅ ∆ ADC HL Theorem
6. BD ≅ CD CPCTC

Now, try on your own. Answer Example 4 in your Math notebook.

Example 4: Prove that the given triangles are congruent by the HL Theorem.

You should get,

 QS ≅ TV (hypotenuse)
 RS ≅ UV (leg)
 ∴ ∆ QRS ≅ ∆ TUV by the HL Theorem

If you got the correct answers, you may proceed to the next part of the discussion. If not, I’m
sorry but you have to go back to the given examples and try again.

DAY 4

F. Developing mastery

I. State the congruence theorem that can be used to prove that the two right triangles are
congruent.

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1. _____ Congruence Theorem 2. _____Congruence Theorem

3. _____Congruence Theorem 4. _____Congruence Theorem

II. Write a complete proof for each of the following

B

1) Prove the following

Given: BE AC
E is the midpoint of AC
Prove: ∆ AEB ≅ ∆ CEB

A C
E
Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. BE AC
2. Definition of lines
3. ∆ AEB∧∆ CEB are right triangles
4. E is the midpoint AC
5. AE ≅ CE
6. Reflexive Property of Congruence
7. L-L Theorem

2) Prove the following

Given: BE AD

O is the midpoint of BE
B ≅ E

Prove: AB ≅ DE

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 Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. BE AD
2. BOA¿ EOD are right angles
3. ∆ BOA∧∆ EOD are right triangles Definition of right triangles
4. O is the midpoint of BE
5. Definition of midpoint
6. B ≅ E
7. ∆ BOA ≅ ∆ EOD
8. AB ≅ DE

Score Description
15 – 18 Very Good
Now, check your work by turning to page 92
11 – 14 Good
for the key to correction. Give yourself 1 point for every correct
answer. How many correct answers did you get? Rate your 6 – 10 Fair
result using the table on the right. Turn to page 91
If your score is at least 6 out of 10, you may now proceed to next sec. J and work
0–5 on the enrichment
part of the discussion. activities

DAY 5

G. Finding practical applications of concepts and skills in daily living

There are many applications of geometry that are used by carpenters, architects, and
surveyors to ensure "square corners. The concept of right triangles is used, since carpenters
need to be certain that walls are straight and corners are square. A second application is using
the properties of circles to create archways and other curved features for windows and
doorways.

10 EXAMPLES OF RIGHT TRIANGLE USE IN THE REAL WORLD

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 H. Making generalizations and abstractions about the lesson

Let us now summarize our lesson today.

The right triangle is a triangle in which one of its angles is a

right angle (right angle measures exactly 90° ). The side of a
right triangle opposite the right angle is called the
hypotenuse, the longest side of a right triangle. The
remaining two sides are called legs.

The LL Theorem (Leg-Leg Theorem) - If two legs of a right

triangle are congruent to the corresponding legs of another
right triangle, then the two triangle are congruent.

The L-A Theorem (Leg-Acute Angle Theorem) - If a leg

and an adjacent acute angle of one right triangle are
congruent to the corresponding leg and an adjacent acute
angle of another right triangle, then the two right triangles
are congruent.

Hypotenuse- Acute (HA) Angle Theorem - If the

hypotenuse and an acute angle of a right triangle are
congruent to the hypotenuse and an acute angle of
another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.

The Hypotenuse - Leg Theorem (HL Theorem)- If the

hypotenuse and leg of one right triangle are congruent to
the corresponding hypotenuse and leg of another, then
the two triangles are congruent.

I. Evaluating learning

Write all your answers on a yellow pad paper following the given instructions. Label your paper
using the format shown below and it is to be submitted to your Math teacher.

Name: ________________________ Section: _______________________

Subject: Mathematics 8 Week 6 Parent’s Signature: ______________

I. State the congruence theorem on right triangle that can be used to prove the triangles are
congruent. (LL Theorem, LAA Theorem, HAA Theorem and HL Theorem)

1.______________ 2.______________ 3._______________

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4.______________ 5._______________

II. State the additional information needed to prove each pair of triangles are congruent
indicated by the given theorem.

6._______________
7.______________

8.______________ 9.______________

III. Complete the following proof by supplying the necessary statement and reason.
(GEOMETRY P.159 by Pastor B .Malaborbor)
Given:
∠ E∧∠ F are ¿ angles
ED ≅ FD

Prove: EG ≅ FG

Proof:
Statements Reasons
1.∠ E∧∠F are ¿ angles 1.
2. ∆ DEG∧¿ ∆ _____ are right triangles 2.Definition of right triangle
3. ED ≅ FD 3.
4. 4.Reflexive Property of Congruence
5.∆ EDG ≅ ∆ _____ 5.HL/Hy-L Theorem
6. EG ≅ FG 6.

J. Additional activities for application or remediation

Part F

ENRICHMENT

Prove the following

Given: P and Q are right angles

1 ≅ 2

Prove: ∆ TPR ≅ ∆ RQT P R

1

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2
T Q
 Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. P and Q are right angles
2. ∆ TPR∧∆ RQT are right triangles
3. 1 ≅ 2
4. Reflexive Property
5. ∆ TPR ≅ ∆ RQT

Answer:

Statements Reasons
1. P and Q are right angles Given
2. ∆ TPR ∧∆ RQT are right triangles Definition of right triangles
3. 1 ≅ 2 Given
4. TR ≅ TR Reflexive PC
5. ∆ TPR ≅ ∆ RQT HA/Hy-A Theorem

You may proceed to the next part of the discussion if your score is at least 3 out of 5. If not, you
have to go back to section B to E, and try all over again.

KEY TO CORRECTIONS

Part F

I.

1. LL 3. LA

2. HL 4. HA

II.

Statements Reasons
1. BE AC Given
2. AEB and CEB are right angles Definition of lines
3. ∆ AEB∧∆ CEB are right triangles Definition of right triangles
4. E is the midpoint AC Given
5. AE ≅ CE Definition of midpoint
6. BE ≅ BE Reflexive PE
7. ∆ AEB ≅ ∆ CEB LL Congruence
1.

2.
Statements Reasons
1. BE AD Given

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 2. BOA¿ EOD are right angles Definition of perpendicularity

3. ∆ BOA∧∆ E OD are right triangles Definition of right triangles

4. O is the midpoint of BE Given
5. BO ≅ EO Definition of midpoint
6. B ≅ E Given
7. ∆ BOA ≅ ∆ EOD LA Congruence
8. AB ≅ DE CPCTC

If you need more help, you may reach me at my cp #

(Please see page 17 of SIPacks Week 1)

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