Advanced Manufacturing Process

MGM’s POLYTECHNIC, AURANGABAD

2020-2021
Micro Project Report
On
“TYPES OF CUTTER”
Submitted in partial fulfillment for ‗I‘ Scheme Fifth semester of

Diploma in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
By
TEJAS BHAPKAR (1915010286)

ARVIND GAIKWAD (1915010269)

SAGAR JATHAR (1915010337)

Under the guidance of

Prof.Parbhane U.M
(Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering)

In Pursuit of Excellence

Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai

(Autonomous) (ISO-9001-2008) (ISO/IEC 27001:2013)

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Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education, Mumbai

Certificate of Completion

This is to certify that Mr. Tejas Bhapkar,Arvind Gaikwad,Sagar Jathar with

Enrollment No. (1915010286) (1915010269) (1915010337) has successfully completed Their
Micro-Project entitled "TYPES OF CUTTER" in the Course/Subject of "Advanced
Manufacturing Process (22564)"in the Fifth semester during their tenure of completing

the Diploma programmed in Mechanical Engineering From MGM's Polytechnic institute

with institute code 1501.

Prof. Parbhane U.M Prof. Bhalekar B.D

Guide HOD
Mechanical Engineering Mechanical Engineering

Dr. B.M. Patil

Principal

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express our gratitude towards guide Prof. Parbhane U.M for the
useful comments, remarks and for giving his valuable guidance and inspiration throughout
the learning process of this report.
Furthermore, I would like to thank our Prof. B. D. Bhalekar (HOD) for making
available all the facilities for the successful completion of this work and other staff
members of Mechanical Engineering Department for their valuable help.
It is with humble gratitude & sense of indebtedness; I thank my respected and
esteemed Dr. B. M. Patil (Principal) for his valuable guidance, suggestion and constant
support which lead towards successful completion of this work.

Date: 10/12/2021
Place: Aurangabad

Tejas Bhapkar (32124)

Arvind Gaikwad (32107)

Sagar Jathar (32163)

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Micro-Project Proposal (ANNEXURE-I)

INDEX
Sr. No. Content Page No.

1.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project 5

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed 5

3.0 Proposed Methodology 5

4.0 Action Plan 6

5.0 Resources Required 6

Micro-Project Report (ANNEXURE-II)

1.0 Rationale 6

2.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project 6

3.0 Course Outcomes Achieved 6

4.0 Abstract 7

5.0 Introduction Of Keys 8

6.0 Different Types of Keys 9

7.0 Design Procedure Of Sunk Key 16

8.0 Advantages 18

9.0 Disadvantages 18

10.0 Skill Developed / Learning outcomes of this Micro-Project 18

11.0 Actual Resources Used 19

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Annexure – I
Micro-Project Proposal

TYPES OF CUTTER
1.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project
1) The aim of our Micro project is to display some information about
Types of Cutters.
2) With the help of this Micro project, we have gained more information about
Types of Cutters.
3) Our report gives brief description about Types of cutters.
4) We are able to show Types of cutter.
5) We have studied about Types of cutter. briefly and we are able to explain it.

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed

 Design of cutters like Forward cutter, Form cutter, Up Milling cutter.

3.0 Proposed Methodology

1) We will collect the information about Types of Cutters referring to various books and
searching the topic on the internet.

2) After that we will write all the information that we have gathered with the help of books
and internet on the paper and will organize it in a proper manner.

3) Then by taking that paper as our reference we will create a rough report showing t he
detailed information about Types of Cutters using Microsoft office word

4) Before the actual printing the report, we will show our Report to Prof. Bhalekar B. D. and
will make changes to it according to their instructions.

5) Then we will make a report which will describe our REPORT.

6) Then we will print the report ―Types of Cutters‖ which explains our study on briefly.

7) Finally we will submit our report to Prof. Parbhane U. M

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4.0 Action Plan

Name of
Planned Start Planned
S. No. Details of acti vi ty Responsible
date Finish date
Team Members
Tejas Bhapkar,
Arvind Gaikwad,
1 Finalization of Micro Pro ject Team 28th Nov. 2021 1th Nov 2021 Sagar Jathar

Tejas bhapkar,
Arvind Gaikwad,
nd rd
2 Finalization of Topic 2 Dec 2021 3 Dec 2021 Sagar Jathar

Tejas Bhapkar,
Submission of Micro-Project Proposal Arvind Gaikwad,
4 4th Dec2021 5th Dec2021 Sagar Jathar
(ANNEXURE-I)

5 Proposed Methodology 4th Dec 2021 4th Dec 2021 Tejas Bhapkar
6 Collecting Resources Required (raw material) 5th Dec 2021 5th Dec 2021 Arvind Gaikwad
Tejas Bhapkar,
Submission of Micro-Project Report Arvind Gaikwad,
8 ……… …… … …. Sagar Jathar
(ANNEXURE-II)

5.0 Resources Required

S. No. Name of Resource/ material Specifications Qty. Remarks

1 Co mputer With access to internet 1 –

2 Printer Color print must be available 1 –

Case Study of an types of

Reference books
cutters 1 –
3

Name of Team Members with Roll Nos.

Tejas Bhapk ar (32124)

Arvind Gaik wad (32107)

Sagar Jathar (32163)

(To be approved by the conce rned teacher)

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Annexure – II

Micro-Project Report

Types Of Cutters

1.0 Rationale
This micro project has taught us importance of teamwork while doing this project. Micro
project also gives us a brief idea about the particular topic we are working on. This also increases
our knowledge by a referring some online sites like Wikipedia and also reference books. The
micro project plays the important role based on industrial application. Micro projects also increase
unity among each other.

2.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project:

(1) The task of a mill cutter is to remove material from the workpiece. With this in mind, cutters do not
consist of one blade.

(2) While turning operations performed with a lathe typically involve a single-edge cutting tool, cutters
consist of a plurality of blades.As the cutter rotates relative to the stationary workpiece, it removes
material.

(3) cutters are often made of hard, strong materials that can withstand considerable loads without breaking
or otherwise being damaged. For example, it is not uncommon for cutters to have a polycrystalline
diamond coating.

3.0 Course Outcomes Achieved

Study on types of cutters and their used

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ABSTRACT:

In India is an agriculture based country which takes various types of crops. Similarly in
Maharashtra millet, jowar, wheat, paddy and maize are the main crops. Now days various agricultural
machines are available which are very costly . to this it is not suitable for poor farmers. And all farmers
remove crops by hands which has very effort is fully and while cutting or removing crops by hand results
into damage due to blisters on hands. Because of this the labours are not available for work, in order to
overcome this situation we introduce a new simple but more efficient machine for a farmers This machine
targets the small farme who have land area of less than 2or3 acres. This machine is compact and can cut
up to two rows of wheat, millet, jowar crops. It has cutting blades which cut the crop in a scissoring type
of motion. It runs on petrol engine, this power from engine, is provided through shaft, pulley and belt
drive arrangement to the cutting blades. This compact crop cutter is manufactured using locally available
spare parts and thus, it is easily maintainable. This crop cutter might be the solution to the problems faced
by a small sca farmer regarding cost and labour implementation.

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5.0 Introduction Of Cutters

The purpose of a milling cutter is to remove material from a workpiece. With thatsaid, milling cutters
don't consist of a single blade. While turning operations performed using a lathe generally feature a
single-bladed cutting tool, milling cutters consist of multiple blades.
Milling machines evolved from the practice of rotary filing—that is, running a circular cutter with like
teeth in the headstock of a . Rotary filing and, later, true milling were developed to reduce time and
effort spent hand- filing. The full story of milling machine development may never be known, because
much early development took place in individual shops where few records were kept for posterity.
However, the broad outlines are known, as summarized below. From a history-of-technology viewpoint,
it is clear that the naming of this new type of machining with the term "milling" was an extension from
that word's earlier senses of processing materials by abrading them in some way (cutting, grinding,
crushing, etc.). Rotary filing long predated milling.

Different Types of cutters

 Forward cutter

 Form cutter

 Up milling cutter

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Forward cutter

FORWARD specializes in the development and manufacture of universal screen film cutters,
phone screen separators, freezers, glue removal devices, OCA laminating machines,
laser separation machines, mobile phone parts, repair tools and relative consumables, etc.

For over 8 years development, excellent qua lity and competitive prices bring us stable
customers from all over the world. This modular style of construction is appropriate for
large milling cutters for about the same reason that large diesel engines use separate
pieces for each cylinder and head whereas a smaller engine would use one integrated
casting.

Two reasons are that (1) for the maker it is more practical (and thus less expensive) to
make the individual pieces as separate endeavors than to machine all their features in
relation to each other while the whole unit is integrated (which would require a larger
machine tool work envelope); and (2) the user can change some pieces while keeping
other pieces the same (rather than changing the whole unit). One arbor (at a hypothetical
price of USD100) can serve for various shells at different times. Thus 5 different milling
cutters may require only USD100 worth of arbor cost, rather than USD500, as long as
the workflow of the shop does not require them all to be set up simultaneously.

It is also possible that a crashed tool scraps only the shell rather than both the shell and
arbor. To also avoid damage to the shell, many cutters, especially in larger diameters,
also have another replaceable part called shim, which is mounted to the shell and the
inserts are mounted on the shim. That way, in case of light damage, only the insert and
maximum the shim needs replacement. The shell is safe. This would be like crashing a
"regular" endmill and being able to reuse the shank rather than losing it along with the
flutes.

Application:
 Milling is a process of generating machined surfaces by progressively removing a predetermined
amount of material from the workpiece
 New cutters received from stock are usually wrapped in oil paper which should not be removed until
the cutter is used. Take care to operate the machine at the proper speed for the cutter being used, as
excessive speed will cause the cutter to wear rapidly from overheating. 
 Take care to prevent the cutter from striking the hard jaws of the vise, chuck, c lamping bolts, or nuts.
Whenever practical, use the proper cutting oil on the cutter and workpiece during operations, since
lubrication helps prevent overheating and cutter wear. Keep cutters sharp.
 Dull cutters require more power to drive and this power, being transformed into heat, softens the
cutting edges. Dull cutters should be marked as such and set aside for grinding. For further
information on cutter grinding, refer to Chapter 5, Grinding Machines. Thoroughly clean and lightly
coat milling cutters with oil before storing.

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Form cutter.

Form milling is the process of machining special contours composed of curves and straight lines, or
entirely of curves, at a single cut. This is done with formed milling cutters, shaped to the contour to be
cut. The more common form milling operations involve milling half-round recesses and beads and
quarter-round radii on workplaces .

This operation is accomplished by using convex, concave, and corner rounding milling cutters ground to
the desired circle diameter. Other jobs for formed milling cutters include milling intricate patterns on
workplaces and milling several complex surfaces in a single cut such as are produced by gang milling. A
peripheral cutter whose edge is shaped to produce a special configuration on the surface.

One example is the gear tooth cutter. The exact contour of the cutting edge of a form mill is reproduced
on the surface of the workpiece.

Form milling cutters have not a standard definition, it's used for producing 2D and 3D contour surfaces.
The form cutters can be made from alloy steel, solid carbide, brazed carbide, and HSS. The common
types of form milling cutters include convex, concave, and corner rounding milling cutters.

It was covered in form of steel. The form of two sides of rotation between them more affordable and
form cutter. Cutting tool for controlling power consumption changes accompanying transformation.
Please review the form cutter lies near to expose a tool the required direction, against the conventional
milling. Sulfur for plunge into a knee forms as that exists in a different taps to produce flat surfaces
which provides between end mills vmc haas cnc. It is form relieved cutters or definition lot like
beryllium and grinding of double negative. The cutting wheel can milling cutter is mostly used. These
are better suited to forms of rotation in its definition of arcs and end milling machine tool zone can be
held in face milling definition.

The information only a smaller one integrated casting, uses powder particles on its suitability for
bridgeport type milling! Only accommodate different sizes are used to form of a tool rather than other
workpiece material can be fed into the definition etc motions in their end. It holds a cutter definition of
cutters leave a key. It for a machine is also, and are relieved to! This form of operations which, form
milling cutter definition from the definition of wedges for? See dynamic milling definition of form the
form milling cutter definition of planes or opening different heights can customize the! Cast iron and
has teeth decreases to analyze various combinations for? The form milling machine when a tool
encompasses inclination and aluminum, forms of metal.

 Application:
 The milling machines usually grow in milling cutter and some milling cutter are required to 

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Up milling cutter.
In up milling (conventional milling), the feed direction of the cutting tool is opposite to its rotation.
The chip thickness starts at zero and increases toward the end of the cut. Cutting forces tend to push
thecutter and workpiece away from each other and radial forces will tend to lift the workpiece from the
table.

The thick chips and higher temperature at the exit from cut will cause high tensile stresses that w ill
reduce tool life and often result in rapid edge failure. It can also cause chips to stick or weld to the
cutting edge, which will then carry them around to the start of the next cut, or cause momentary edge
frittering.Cutting forces tend to push the cutter and workpiece away from each other and radial forces
will tend to lift the workpiece from the table.

Up milling may be advantageous when large variations in working allowance occur. It is also
recommended to use up milling when using ceramic inserts in heat resistant alloys, because ceramics are
sensitive to impact at workpiece entry.

The up milling is also called as conventional milling or Climb up milling in which the cutter and feed
moves in opposite direction i.e the rotary cutter moves against the feed.. With reference to the adjacent
figure, you can see that the cutter rotates in anti-clockwise direction while the direction of feed is from
right to left. So, due to this opposite motion the width of the cutting chips gradually increases from
minimum to maximum. There is massive friction between the cutter and workpiece which results in
generating quite large amount of heat

Application:

With reference to the adjacent figure, the cutter rotates in the anti-clockwise direction, while the
direction of feed is from right to left.in which the cutter and feed move in the opposite direction i.e the
rotary cutter moves against the feed

Up milling is also termed as conventional milling. It is also called as climb up milling.

Here, while cutting the workpiece from right to left, cutter rotates in anti-clockwise direction.

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8.0Advantages.

 Up milling is safe operation because in this machine no drag the work piece into the cutter.

 The size and durable construction of the milling machine give tremendous support to handle
large and heavier machines without damaging itself.
 
 It provides flexible computer control options for cutting purposes.

 It reduces the chances of human errors.

 The width of the chip starts from zero and increases as the cutter finishes slicing.


 The tooth meets the workpiece at the bottom of the cut.

 Upward forces are created that tend to lift the workpiece during face milling.


 More power is required to conventional mill than climb mill.

 Surface finish is worse because chips are carried upward by teeth and dropped in front of cutter. There‘s
a lot of chip recutting. Flood cooling can help!


 Tools wear faster than with climb milling.

 Conventional milling is preferred for rough surfaces.

9.0 Disadvantages.

 Tool life of up milling tool is lower than up milling tool.


 Up milling produce less surface finish.

 Need proper training for milling operator

 More expensive to install and maintain

 Not good at cutting radial cuts

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10. Skill Developed / Learning outcomes of this Micro-

Project

(1) Online references has increased our knowledge about Types of cutters.

(2) The microproject increases teamwork among members and also increases our practical
knowledge.

(3) Also our time management skill is also developed.

(4) We get to learn about the Types of cutters and its Main Types.

(5) Understand the basic structure and operation of transistor with different configurations for
various applications

(6) (Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals and an engineering
specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems .

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REFERENCE BOOKS &LINKS

(1) https://dir.indiamart.com/impcat/form-milling-cutters.html
(2) https://dir.indiamart.com/impcat/form-milling-cutters.html
(3) https://www.amazon.in/Milling-Complete-Course-Workshop-
Practice/dp/1854862324

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