A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science III

(Chemistry)

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. describe characteristics of solid, liquid and gas (S3MT-Ia-b-1);
b. classify materials as solid, liquid or gas based on their characteristics
(S3MT-Ic-d-2) and
c. classify solid objects based on its properties using a table or chart

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Properties of Matter: Characteristics of Solid, Liquid and Gas
Materials: pictures, realia (chalk, wire, rubber band), word strips and charts
References: Science Curriculum Guide
Concept: Characteristics of Solid
Processes: Observing, Classifying
Values: Cooperation and Class Participation

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Pupil’s Activity

A. Recall
What makes up a matter? Molecules is what make up matter.
What makes up molecules? Molecules are made up of even tinier
particles called atoms.
Molecules of matter are arranged differently
in the different phases of matter: solid, liquid
and gas

B. Motivation
Instruction: Divide the class into 6 groups.
Each member of the group will represent
the molecules of the different phases of
matter. When the teacher calls out an
example of solid, liquid or gas you must
move like the molecules of the given
matter.

1. Scissors (solid)
2. Glue (liquid)
3. Air (Gas)
4. Glass (solid)
5. Water (liquid)

What made you think that the molecules of Because…

solid, liquid or gas behaves that way? Solids are compact
Liquid can flow freely
Gas has no fixed shape

C. Lesson Presentation
To Learn more about the phases of matter
and its characteristics, let’s start with Solid
and its properties.
Solid is a substance that does not flow
 under moderate stress. It retains a definite
size and shape under normal condition.

Activity: The class will be divided into 5

groups. Each group will be given materials
(rubber band, chalk and wire). They have to
write their observation after performing
the instructions given in the worksheet.

A. Using your nails, scratch the chalk and

write down your observation?
Guide Questions: What happen to the
chalk after you scratch it with your
nails? What about your nails? Are there
also changes?
B. Form the wire into any shape you
want?
Guide Questions: What changes did
you observe to the wire? Did it break?
Why?
C. Using again the piece of chalk provided,
try to break it into two.
Guide Questions: What did you
observe? Did it break easily? Why?
D. Stretch the rubber band gently…
Then stretch it to its maximum
Guide Questions: What have you
observed when you stretched it gently?
when stretched to maximum?

Reporting of the group outputs.

Materials Observable Properties

Chalk Chalk can be scratched
by the nails and was
easily broken.
Wire Wire can be easily
formed into different
shapes.
Rubber band It can be stretched to
a certain degree.

Why do you think that the chalk was easily

scratched by your nail?
The chalk was easily scratched by our nails
Hardness is the property of solid to resist scratching because compared with the chalk our nail
or abrasion. is relatively harder.

What do you think will happen if I scratch a

glass with diamond?
The glass will break or be cut because
What if I intentionally drop a glass on the floor? diamond is harder than glass.
What do you think will happen?
The glass will break.
The glass broke because anything brittle will
deliberately be turned to several pieces.
Brittleness is also one of the properties of a solid
material. It is the tendency of a material to be easily
broken into pieces.

When you were able to fold and transform the wire

into different shapes or figures, what do you think
made that possible?
Another characteristic of a solid material is The wire can be easily folded because its
malleability which is the ability of some materials was not so hard.
to be pressed, hammered or rolled into various
shapes and sizes without breaking.

Lastly, the rubber band was able to stretch because

of another property of solid that is Elasticity. It is
the ability of some materials to stretch when
pressure or weight is applied to.

D. Application

1.______ is the property of solid to resist scratching

or abrasion.
2. Brittleness is the tendency of a material to be
easily ______ into pieces. Hardness
3. _______ is the ability of some materials to be
pressed, hammered or rolled into various shapes Broken
and sizes without breaking.
4. It is the ability of some materials to stretch when Malleability
pressure or weight is applied. _______
5. It retains a definite size and shape under normal
condition. _______ Elasticity

Solid
E. Generalization
The molecules of solid is held firm by the force of
attraction between them. The molecules of solids
move through vibration and that they are very close
to each other. They are compressed, so solids can
keep their size and shapes under normal condition.
Solids have definite shape and volume.
IV. Assessment
Classify the following solid materials according to their characteristics. Put your answers in
the second column of the chart provided.

Rubber band spoon

pin rock
diamond glass
Clay pot garter

Properties Solid Materials

Hardness Diamond, rock

Brittleness Clay pot, glass

Elasticity Rubber band, garter

Malleability Pin, spoon

V. Assignment
Read about the properties of Liquid and Gas.

Prepared by:
Almocera, Jose Anthony
Go, James Patrick
Nayra, Jayvee
Racho, Jay Francis
Sambajon, Cristy
 Activity Sheet

Follow the set of instructions below and write down your answers on the table provided.

1. Using your nails, scratch the chalk and write down your observation?
Guide Questions: What happen to the chalk after you scratch it with your nails? What about
your nails? Are there also changes?

2. Form the wire into any shape you want?

Guide Questions: What changes did you observe to the wire? Did it break? Why?

3. Using again the piece of chalk provided, try to break it into two.
Guide Questions: What did you observe? Did it break easily? Why?

4. Stretch the rubber band gently…

Then stretch it to its maximum
Guide Questions: What have you observed when you stretched it gently? when stretched
to maximum?

Materials Observations

Chalk

Wire

Rubber band

Directions: Classify the following solid materials according to their characteristics. Put your answers in
the second column of the chart provided.
 Rubber band spoon
pin rock
diamond glass
Clay pot garter

Properties Solid Materials

Hardness
Brittleness

Elasticity
Malleability

Directions: Classify the following solid materials according to their characteristics. Put your answers in
the second column of the chart provided.

Rubber band spoon

pin rock
diamond glass
Clay pot garter

Properties Solid Materials

Hardness
Brittleness

Elasticity
Malleability

Directions: Classify the following solid materials according to their characteristics. Put your answers in
the second column of the chart provided.

Rubber band spoon

pin rock
diamond glass
Clay pot garter

Properties Solid Materials

Hardness
Brittleness

Elasticity
Malleability