Civil Engineering Nov 2020 Review Innovations Integral Calculus 5

Centroids by Integration Product of Inertia 11. For the area bounded by y = sin x and the x-axis
Location of Centroid from the Y-axis = xG from x = 0 to x = .
Using Horizontal Strip:
Ixy =  xy dA a. Find its area. 2
y2 b. How far from the x-axis is its centroid? /8
A xG
= 1
2  y1
( x R 2 − xL 2 ) dy Radius of Gyration, c. Find the volume generated when the area
I is revolved about the x-axis. 4.935
Using Vertical Strip: k=
A 12. Given the equation y = x2 and y = x
x2
A xG
=  x1
x( yu − yL ) dx
Transfer Formula for the Moment of Inertia
a. Determine the area bounded by given
equation. 1/6
I = IG + Ad2 b. Determine the x-coordinate of the centroid
Location of Centroid from the X-axis = yG of the obtained plane area? 0.5
Using Horizontal Strip: PROBLEMS c. Determine the corresponding y-coordinate
y2 1. Find the coordinates of the centroid of the plane of the centroid? 0.4
A yG
=  y1
y( x R − xL ) dy area bounded by the curve x2 + y – 4 = 0 and the 13. A plane area is bounded in the first quadrant
Using Vertical Strip: x – axis. by the curves y2 = -16(x – 4), the line 8x – 15y =
x2 2. Find the volume generated when the area in the 0, and the x-axis.
A yG
= 1
2  x1
( yU 2 − yL 2 ) dx first quadrant bounded by the parabola 12y =
x2, the Y-axis, and the line y = 3, is revolved
a. What is the slope of the line?
b. Find the area bounded by the curves? 4.08
8/15

about the line 2x – y + 4 = 0. c. What is the moment of inertia of this area

Moments of Inertia by integration 3. The curve y = ax2 + 120 passes through (40, 0). about the x-axis? 2.77
Moment of inertia, also called the second moment 14. A right-circular cylindrical tank with a depth of
Find the radius of gyration of the area bounded
of area, is the product of area and the square of its 10 m and a radius of 5 m is half-filled with
by the curve and the x-axis with respect to the
moment arm about a reference axis. water. Find the work necessary to pump all the
x-axis.
Moment of inertia about the x-axis = Ix water to a distance 2 m above the top of the
4. Determine the moment of inertia of the area
Using Horizontal Strip: tank. 36, 598 kN.m
bounded by the curve x2 = 4y, the line x – 4 = 0
y2 y2 15. The number of bacteria in a liquid culture is
and the x-axis, with respect to the y-axis.
Ix =  y1
y 2 dA =  y1
y 2 ( x R − xL ) dy
5. A solid is formed by revolving about the y-axis,
observed to grow at a rate proportional to the
Using Vertical Strip: number of cells present. At the beginning of the
the area bounded by the curve x3 = y, the y-axis
experiment there are 10,000 cells and after 3
x2 and the line y = 8. Find its centroid.
Ix = 1
3  x1
( yU 3 − yL 3 ) dx
6. Locate the centroid of the area enclosed by the
hours, there are 500,000. How many will there
be after 6 hours of growth if this unlimited
parabola y2 = 3x and the line x – 2y = 0. (4.8, 3)
Moment of inertia about the y-axis = Iy growth continues? What is the doubling time of
7. How far from the y-axis is the centroid of the
Using Horizontal Strip: the bacteria? 25x106 ; About 32 min.
area bounded by the curve x2 = 16y, the line x =
y2 16. Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon
12, and the x-axis.

9
Iy = 1
3
( x R 3 − xL 3 ) dy that has a half-life of 5600 years. It is used
y1 8. Find the centroid of the area bounded by the
extensively in dating organic material that is
Using Vertical Strip: parabola x2 - 4x + y = 5 and the lines x = 0 and y
tens of thousand years old. What fraction of the
x2 x2 = 9. Ans. (1/2,39/5)
Iy =  x1
x 2 dA =  x1
x 2 ( yU − y L ) dx 9. Find the centroid of the right-half area of r = 1
original amount of Carbon-14 in a sample
would be present after 10,000 years? At how
+ sin . Ans. (16/9, 5/6)
many years will the amount be 5% of the
Polar moment of inertia 10. Find the centroid of the area in the first
original? About 29% will be left.; 24,203 yr
quadrant under the arch of y = sin (x/4) nearest
r
2
J = I x + Iy = dA 1 x x+y
the y-axis. Ans. (2, /8) 17. Evaluate  
0 0 0
( x + y + z) dz dy dx 7/8