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3 - Rectifier

A rectifier converts alternating current into direct current by allowing current to flow through it in only one direction. There are two main types: half-wave and full-wave rectifiers. A half-wave rectifier only passes one half of the incoming AC cycle, while a full-wave rectifier passes both halves, providing higher average output voltage. Full-wave rectifiers can be center-tapped or use a bridge configuration. The peak inverse voltage is the maximum reverse voltage the diode must withstand and is equal to the peak input voltage.

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John Edelbert Del Mundo
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20 views20 pages

3 - Rectifier

A rectifier converts alternating current into direct current by allowing current to flow through it in only one direction. There are two main types: half-wave and full-wave rectifiers. A half-wave rectifier only passes one half of the incoming AC cycle, while a full-wave rectifier passes both halves, providing higher average output voltage. Full-wave rectifiers can be center-tapped or use a bridge configuration. The peak inverse voltage is the maximum reverse voltage the diode must withstand and is equal to the peak input voltage.

Uploaded by

John Edelbert Del Mundo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RECTIFIER

RECTIFIER

▪ an electrical device that converts an alternating


current into a direct one by allowing a current to
flow through it in one direction only.

▪ 2 TYPES
Half Wave Rectifier
Full Wave Rectifier
■ Center Tapped
■ Bridge Type
BASIC DC POWER SUPPLY
HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER

▪ A circuit that converts an ac voltage to dc


voltage.
▪ This type of circuit is called a “half-wave”
rectifier because it passes only half of the
incoming AC power supply.
HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER CIRCUIT

Ac source
Diode
Load Resistor
HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER OPERATION

▪ At positive half cycle


HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER OPERATION

▪ At negative half cycle


AVERAGE VALUE OF THE HALF-WAVE
RECTIFIER
▪ The average value of the half-wave rectified
output voltage is the value you would
measure on a dc voltmeter
PEAK INVERSE VOLTAGE (PIV)

▪ Equals the peak value of input voltage, and


the diode must be capable this amount of
withstanding this amount of repetitive
reverse voltage.
▪ The maximum value of reverse voltage,
designated as PIV, occurs at the peak of each
negative alternation of the input voltage
when the diode is reverse biased.
EXAMPLE #1

▪ Draw the output voltages for indicated input


voltage. Calculate for Vp, Vdc , and the PIV of
each specific rectifier diodes.
a.) 1N4001 (Si) b.) 1N4003 (Ge)
FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

▪ This type of circuit is called a “full-wave”


rectifier because it passes both positive and
negative half cycle of the incoming AC power
supply.
▪ The average (DC) output voltage is higher
than for half wave, the output of the full wave
rectifier has much less ripple than that of the
half wave rectifier producing a smoother
output waveform.
▪ It allows unidirectional current through the
load during the entire 360o of input cycle
CENTER-TAPPED FULL-WAVE
RETIFIER
▪ Uses two diodes connected to the secondary
of a center-tapped transformer.
OPERATION

▪ at positive half-cycle
OPERATION

▪ at negative half-cycle
EXAMPLE #2

▪ Show the voltage wave forms across each


half of the secondary windings across RL .
Calculate for Vp , Vdc and the PIV.
BRIDGE FULL-WAVE RECTIFIER
OPERATION

▪ at positive half-cycle
OPERATION

▪ at negative half-cycle
EXAMPLE #3

▪ Determine the peak output voltage, dc


voltage and the PIV rating. The transformer
specified to have a 12V rms secondary
voltage.(assuming the practical model and it
uses silicon diodes).

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