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BECS 11413 L3 Rectifier Circuits

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34 views34 pages

BECS 11413 L3 Rectifier Circuits

Uploaded by

Rebel Lynn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELEC 11513

Basic Electronics

Lecture 3

Rectification & DC Power Supply

Aruna Ranaweera
2022 – 08 – 10
Types of DC Power Supplies
 Regulated Linear Power Supplies
 Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPS)

2
Regulated Linear DC power supply
 Converts the standard 120 -240V, 60 Hz ac voltage
available at wall outlets into a constant dc voltage

3
Half-Wave Rectifiers

4
Half-Wave Rectifier Operation with an
Ideal Diode

5
Average-Value of Half Wave Rectifier
Output Voltage
 The value measure on a dc voltmeter.
 Mathematically, it is determined by finding the area under
the curve over a full cycle.

Vp
VAVG = = 0.318V p

6
Effect of the Barrier Potential on the Half-
Wave Rectifier Output

7
Example - 1
 Draw the output voltages of each rectifier for the
indicated input voltages, as shown in following figure. The
1N4001 and 1N4003 are specific rectifier diodes.

8
Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV)
 peak inverse voltage (PIV) or peak reverse
voltage(PRV): the maximum value of reverse
voltage which occurs at the peak of the input cycle when
the diode is reverse-biased.
 Diode must be capable of withstanding this amount of
repetitive reverse voltage.

9
PIV of Half-Wave Rectifier

PIV = Vp(in)

10
Transformer Coupling

➢ Advantages of Transformer Coupling:


➢ Source voltage to be stepped down as needed.
➢ ac source is electrically isolated from the rectifier,
thus preventing a shock hazard in the secondary
circuit.

11
Full Wave Rectifiers

2V p
VAVG = = 0.637V p

12
Center – Tapped Full-Wave Rectifier

13
Operation of FW Rectifier

14
Effect of Transformer Turns Ratio

15
Effect of Transformer Turns Ratio

 Vsec 
Vout = − 0.7  Volts
 2 

16
PIV of Full-Wave Rectifier

The PIV across diode D2 is given by PIV =  V p (sec) − 0.7  −  − V p (sec)  = V


 2    p (sec) − 0.7(Volts )
   2 
V p (sec)
V p ( out ) = − 0.7 V = V p (sec) = 2V p ( out ) + 1.4 V
2
= PIV = 2V p ( out ) + 0.7 V

17
Example - 2
(a). Draw the voltage waveforms across each half of the
secondary winding and across RL when a 100 V peak
sine wave is applied to the primary winding in Figure.
(b). Minimum PIV Rating of the diode

Ans (a) 25- 0.7 V, (b) PIV=49.3 V (ex. 2.5/pg 54)


18
Bridge Full Wave Rectifier

19
Bridge Output Voltage

20
PIV of Bridge Full-Wave Rectifier

PIV = Vp (out ) + 0.7 V

21
Example - 3
 Determine the peak output voltage for the bridge
rectifier. The transformer is specified to have a 12 V rms
secondary voltage for the standard 120 V across the
primary.

22
Power Supply Filters & Regulators

23
Capacitive Input Filter

24
Capacitive Input Filter

25
Ripple Voltage (Half-Wave Rectifier)

26
Filtering with Capacitor Value
 Sketch the output wave form for Half-wave rectifier with
capacitive filter with very large value of capacitor to very
small value of capacitor

27
Ripple Voltage

28
Ripple Factor

vr ( rms )
r=
Vdc
 1 
vr ( pp ) =  v p ( rect )
 fRL C 
 1 
Vdc = 1 − v p ( rect )
 2 fRL C 
29
Ripple Factor
 Obtain an expression for Ripple Factor of a
(i). Half Wave Rectifier
(ii). Full Wave Rectifier
clearly mentioning the assumptions made.

1
rHWR =
2 3CRL f
1
rFWR =
4 3CRL f
30
Example - 4
 Determine the ripple factor for the filtered bridge
rectifier with a load as indicated in the figure below

31
Surge Current in the Capacitor-Input Filter

32
Voltage Regulators

33
Next Class
 Pulse and Wave Shaping Circuits with Diodes

34

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