Purposive Communication Week 1 2.

Interpersonal Communication

- The process of using messages to

Nature of Communication
generate meaning between two or more
persons in a situation.
- From the Latin expression
“communicare” meaning “to share” or a. Dyadic Communication – Basically a
“to make common”. communication between two persons.
- A systematic process which generates
meaning by using messages. Examples: Interview, Consultation w/ parent
- A process as it is an activity performed, b. Small-group Communication – The
an exchange of ideas, or a set of behavior. process of generating meaning using
- Without Communication, people may messages within a small group of
have trouble comprehending one another. communicators.

- It is an important human activity. 3. Public Communication

- Relationships among humans may not - The process where a single source utilizes
be realized in the absence of messages that then transmit these messages
communication (Aquino, de Guzman, to a number of receivers at once.
Quioyo, 2018). - Public communication or public speaking
- A process which involves the trade and is recognized by its formality, structure, and
exchange of thoughts, ideas, information, planning.
feelings and emotions with the use of 4. Mass Communication
vocal faculties, non-verbal gestures,
behavior, and written symbols (Villacorte - A process of communication messages
et al, 2018) in order to generate meaning through a
mediated system. Rom the source of the
Components in the Communication message, it goes to its several unseen
Process receivers.

- This type of communication is called

“mass” because the messages go to
newspaper and magazine readers, TV viewers,
radio listeners and netizens.

Elements of Communication

Communication Contexts 1. Verbal Communication

(Lexical Component)
1. Intrapersonal Communication.
- Type of communication that uses
- It is the communication that occurs meaningful words or language.
within one’s own mind.
- One should try choosing carefully in
- It also includes activities such as one’s advance to be able to make right impression.
solving own problems or conflict, The use of right words is significant in
planning, evaluating oneself and one’s enhancing the message or even making
relationships with others. oneself understood.
 a. Words - are unique meaningful f. Sentence Frames – are groups of
component of speech. It may be used alone words that provide a structure or a skeleton
or with others to form a sentence. for complete sentence.

b. Parts of words – denote a single letter,

Examples:
a prefix, or a suffix added to words.
I move to nominate __ for the office of ____.
Examples: It can be suggested that ______________.
It is an honor to introduce to you _______.
-s in educators

Dis- in discomfort 2. Nonverbal Communication

(Non-lexical Component)
-ly in perfectly

c. Collocations – are a pair or group of -Understanding the proper use of non-

words that are habitually used together that lexical codes is an advantage for you as a
they sound correct together. communicator. Nonverbal communication
refers to the sending of information or
Examples: messages aside from the use of language.
To feel free
Nonverbal Codes – are basically codes of
- Please feel free to take a seat.
symbols which carries a meaning on its own
To come prepared
and is not in the form of spoken or written
- Make sure to come prepared for the test
words.
tomorrow.

d. Idioms – are combinations of words a. Kinesics – This pertains to the message

whose collective meaning is not predictable transmitted by your bodily movements which
from those of the individual words. Meanings includes facial expressions, posture, and
created are usually understood by native gestures. It comes from the Greek word
speakers of the language. “kinesis” which means “to move”.
1.) Emblems – These are nonverbal
Examples:
actions or movements that is used as a
On cloud nine – Being very happy replacement.
Left out in the cold – Being ignored 2.) Illustrators – Pertains to the bodily
Spilling the beans – Revealing a secret movements done accompanying a spoken

e. Phrasal verbs – are verbs followed by b. Physical Attraction – A significant

a preposition or an adverb. nonverbal attribute, sometimes the media
alters realistic views of a physically attractive
Examples: person.
- It influences the credibility and ability of
Break up – End a relationship a person to persuade its audience.
Hang on – Wait a moment
Break down – Decompose c. Proxemics – Is a nonverbal means of
Hang out – Spending time with someone communication using the distance from your
personal bubble to the person you are
speaking with.
 1.) Intimate distance – This is generally Purposive Communication Week 2.1
used by people who are close to you, this
distance extends from you to eighteen inches Communication Processes, Principles, and Ethics
outward.
2.) Personal distance – ranges from 18 Principles of Communication
inches to 4 feet, it is used for conversation
and other non-intimate exchanges. - Recognizing the elements, types and
3.) Social distance – This is used in less contexts of communication is necessary to
personal or formal business situations. It familiarize the effective means of interacting
ranges from four to 12 feet distance. with others through communication.
4.) Public distance – This is commonly - A communicator still must enliven
done in public speaking settings such as at several principles of communication so that
churches or lecture halls. It exceeds 12 feet he could honestly say that he has mastered
distance. the grace of communication in an utmost
level.
d. Chronemics – Refers to the manner
of organizing and using time and the Basic principle that may be considered:
messages that are constructed due to the 1. Knowing your audience is essential when
organization and use of it, this is also called communicating.
temporal communication.  Consider the needs and interests of the
1.) Monochronic – Individuals complete listeners.
a task one at a time as they view time  Senders must know to whom they are
seriously. talking to.
2.) Polychronic – Individuals refers to 2. Knowing your purpose is also crucial.
those who work many tasks at one time.  Know the reason for communicating to
help outlining what you say.
e. Tactile Communication (Haptics) – Is 3. Knowing your topic
the use of touch in communication. Touch  Have a rich and wide scope of
holds a significant power in communication knowledge to share.
(Aguinis, Simonsen, and Pierce, 1998). It is  Master the topic to interplay
sometimes associated with pleasure, trustworthy and accuracy.
positivity, and reinforcement. 4. Anticipating objections from the audience.
 Be ready in answering challenging
f. Vocal cues (Paralinguistics) – This questions.
does not refer to actual words but to sounds 5. Achieving credibility with your audience
which has a significant meaning on it.  Provide authentic and firsthand
information.
g. Objectics – The study of how humans  Share personal and inspiring stories to
use their clothing and other significant motivate listeners and provide a lasting
artifacts to communicate nonverbal codes. impression.
- This is also called object language. 6. Presenting information various ways
Clothing communicates authority and an  Be creative enough to effectively get
individual’s role in the society. the hearts of your audience.
7. Acknowledging communication barriers. a. Gender issues – Occur when
 One of the major communication genders do not form and express themselves
barriers is ourselves, basically, our own in similar manner.
ideas and opinions. b. Competition – Occurs when
individuals distrust others.
Barriers to Effective Communication
c. Culture – Diverse mindset due to
1. Physical barriers – Refers to the natural different cultural backgrounds.
and environmental factors that serves as
barriers in communication.
a. Noise – Anything hat interferes Purposive Communication Week 2.2
with our ability to focus in the communication
process. Environmental and natural Communication Processes, Principles, and Ethics
conditions that affect the communication
process. Ethics of Communication

b. Temperature – Improper lighting Ethical communication boosts our dignity and

and ventilation may impair communication. human worth as we foster respect for self and
others, personal integrity, responsibility,
c. Medium – Disturbance or technical fairness, and truthfulness.
problem.
To create balance between listening and
d. Workplace – Organizational speaking, there must be an iota of
structure can also serve as a communication truthfulness.
barrier.
e. Information overflow – Too much Ethics – refers to a set of values or moral
information may lead to miss some important principles used in everyday living.
points or misinterpret the meaning of the
entire message. Communication ethics – the values or
principles which are observed in human
f. Physical disabilities – Hearing conduct with respect to the wrongness and
problems or speech difficulties may also affect rightness of their actions to the badness or
quality of communication. goodness of the motives of such actions in
governing communication.
2. Psychological barriers – Refer to the
influences of our mental condition. The ethical standards may guide us in
a. Lack of Attention communication:
b. Poor Retention 1. Listen attentively when someone is
c. Lack of trust speaking.
d. Closed Mind and filtering 2. Speak without prejudice.
3. Speak from your own experiences,
3. Interpersonal barriers – Refer to the thoughts, feelings, needs, emotions, and
barriers to effective communication in perspective.
relation to people. 4. Be understanding
5. Do not slander. (This is 1 to 16, refer to
ppt)