YANGZHOU DAYANG SHIPBUILDING CO.

, LTD

HULL NO.：DY160/161

63500 DWT BULK CARRIER

MAIN SWITCHBOARD
OPERATION MANUAL

DESIGNED BY DRAWING NO. TC140707M-OP

Zhang Xibo

CHECKED BY PAGE 32
He Huazhang

APPROVED BY DATE 2016-5-24

Chen Haijiao

TERASAKI ELECTRIC (CHINA) LTD.

 INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR MAIN SWITCHBOARD

ABOUT THIS MANUAL

This Main switchboard instruction manual is intended for trained competent person
performing such work as maintenance and inspection of switchboards.
Be sure to read and observe safety notices not only in this manual but also on
caution plates and warning plates affixed on the switchboard.

This instruction manual is made up of the following sections.

1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR THE SWITCHBOARD

2. INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR MAIN SWITCHBOARD
3. GENERATING PLANT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MARINE USE
Model GAC21 INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Before reading the other sections or this manual, be sure to read and understand
the safety measure explained in the next section,“SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR
THE SWITCHBOARD ”.

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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1. Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 4
2. Generators --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 4
3. Rules and Regulations ------------------------------------------------------------------ page 4
4. Construction ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 4
5. Molded Case Circuit Breakers -------------------------------------------------------- page 5
6. Air Circuit Breakers ---------------------------------------------------------------------- page 5
7. Other Electric Constructions and Mechanical Constructions ------------------ page 7

CHAPTER 2 RUNNING AND STOPPING OF GENERATORS

1. Summary ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ page 8
2. Manual Control of Diesel Generators ------------------------------------------------ page 13
2.1 Start Stop Control of Diesel Engine ------------------------------------------------ page 13
2.2 Start Stop Control of Diesel Generators ------------------------------------------ page 16
2.2.1 Single Unit Operation --------------------------------------------------------------- page 16
2.2.2 Parallel Operation -------------------------------------------------------------------- page 18
2.2.3 Stopping a Generator --------------------------------------------------------------- page 22
2.2.4 Automatic Load Shift Control ----------------------------------------------------- page 23

4. Automatic Starting of Diesel Generators -------------------------------------------- page 23

4.1 Summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 23
4.2 Automatic Stand-by Connection on ACB Abnormal Trip ---------------------- page 26
4.2.1 One Generator in Service (Two Stand-bys) --------------------------------- page 26
4.2.2 Two Generators in Service (One Stand-by) ------------------------------------ page 26
4.3 Automatic Generator Replacement on Bus Abnormal ------------------------- page 27
4.3.1 One Generator in Service (Two Stand-bys) --------------------------------- page 27
4.3.2 Two Generators in Service (One Stand-by) ----------------------------------- page 27
4.4 Automatic Stand-by Start and Paralleling on Overload ----------------------- page 28
4.4.1 One Generator in Service (Two Stand-bys) --------------------------------- page 28
4.4.2 Two Generators in Service (One Stand-by) ----------------------------------- page 28
4.5Power Management --------------------------------------------------------------------- page 28
4.5.1 Automatic Start And Synchro Due To Heavy Load -------------------------- page 28
4.5.2 Automatic Load Shift and Stop Due To Light Load -------------------------- page 29

CHAPTER 3 MISCELLANEOUS
1. Monitoring of Insulation Level -------------------------------------------------------- page 30
1.1 Summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 30
1.2 Insulation Resistance Monitor ------------------------------------------------------- page 30
2. Preferential Tripping System ---------------------------------------------------------- page 30
3. Overload Protection of Generators ----------------------------------------------- page 31
4. ACB TROUBLE RESET Push-button Switch ----------------------------------- page 31

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5. Trouble Alarm System for Main switchboard ----------------------------------- page 31

6. Switch of Control Power Source for Main Bus Bar and
Disconnecting of Main bus bar Duplication -------------------------------------- page 32

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CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1. Introduction
A main switchboard is an assembly of switching controls, regulating devices,
measuring instruments, indicators and protective devices, and it serves as the switching
center of the electrical distribution system for efficient centralized distribution control.
This main switchboard distributes electric power to the various loads on board a ship.
In the event of a fault in a load circuit, an appropriate protective device will operate to clear
the fault in order to protect both the circuit and equipment and to maintain the continuity
of service.
One or more of the generators mentioned in Section 2 are placed on the bus of this main
switchboard as necessary to cover the total power demand, and the generator power is
distributed to the individual feeder circuits from the feeder panels of the main switchboard.
Generators are normally controlled in automatic or manual mode.

This Instruction manual covers the following items:

 MAIN SWITCHBOARD
 220V FEEDER PANEL

2. Generators

Type: Diesel Generator

Voltage: 450V AC 3-phase
Capacity: 850kVA(680KW)
Frequency: 60 Hz
Quantity: 3 sets

3. Rules and Regulations

This main switchboard designed and manufactured to the Rules and Regulation
of the BV.

4. Construction
(1) Type
The main switchboard is a metal-enclosed type, having no live parts exposed on the
outside surfaces.
(2) Framework
The main switchboard consists of a number of cells, and each cell is a rigidly formed,
vibration-resistant, steel-sheet framework.
The front panel door of steel plate is hinged to one side of the framework, and has
latching knobs on the other side as the fastening means.
These latching knobs are two kinds, one to turn 90 degree counter-clockwise to
unfasten and open the front panel door for internal inspection, other knobs to slide to panel

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door hinge side to unfasten and open the front panel door for internal inspection.
The panel door can be kept open by means of a stopper. The internal devices (circuit
breakers, instrument potential and current transformers, relays and fuses, etc.) are reliably
mounted to resist shocks and vibration and arranged for ready replacement from the
switchboard front and rear.

(3) Insulating Material

Synthetic resin is used to insulate the bare live parts, and each insulator is specially
shaped to endure the temperature, humidity and other environmental conditions without
degradation of the electrical insulating properties over long periods of service.

5. Molded Case Circuit Breakers

All feeder circuit breakers are Molded Case Circuit Breakers, (hereafter referred
to as “MCCB “).
They will automatically trip if an overload or fault develops in their load circuitry, and
the re-closing can be readily made by resetting the tripped breaker and
without the need for element replacement such as fuses, ensuring high operational safety.

CAUTION Handling of a Molded Case Circuit Breaker

Details, such as maintenance and characteristics, an accessories function, etc. of

a molded case circuit breaker, are separate volume “TemBreak MOLDED CASE
CIRCUIT BREAKER OPERATION MANUAL “Please refer to instruction manual.

6. Air Circuit Breakers

Each AR series Air Circuit Breaker (hereafter referred to as “ACB “) can be operated
safely from the outside of the panel front.

CAUTION Handling of Air Circuit Breaker

Details, such as maintenance and characteristics of an air circuit breaker and

an accessory function, are separate volumes “TemPower 2 INSTRUCTION
MANUAL FOR AIR CIRCUIT BREAKERS (for marine use) Types AR “ Please
refer to instruction manual.

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Operation Methods
The AR series ACBs are available either in manual charging type or in motor charging
type.
(1) Motor Charging Type
a) Supply the specified control power voltage to the charging motor circuit. As soon as the
closing springs are discharged, the charging motor is turned on to charge the closing
springs.
(b) The charging motor is automatically stopped when the closing springs are fully
charged, and the spring charged indicator shows “CHARGED “. It will take not more
than approx. 10 seconds to charge the closing springs depending on the rated operating
voltage of the ACB type.
(c) push “ACB CLOSE “button to close the ACB, or push “ACB OPEN “ button to open the
ACB.

(2) Manual Charging Type

(a) Pumping the charging handle.
(b) When the closing springs are fully charged, a metallic click will be heard and no
further pumping of the charging handle will be possible. When the charging handle is
pumped with its maximum stroke, about ten (10) to thirteen (13) pumping cycles will
complete the charging. Check that the spring charged indicator now shows “CHARGED
“.
(c) Open the clear shutter upward and press the push-button “PUSH TO ON “.
This releases the charged closing springs and the A
CB is closed.
(d) Open the clear shutter upward and press the push-button switch “PUSH TO OFF “.
This tripping opened the ACB.

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7. Other Electric Constructions and Mechanical Constructions

Refer to the “GENERAL SPECIFICATION SE ”of MAIN SWITCHBOARD finished
drawing for the specification details of Electric construction and Mechanical construction.

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CHAPTER 2 RUNNING AND STOPPING OF GENERATORS

1. Summary
The main bus of the main switchboard is served by up to four generators, driven by
their respective diesel engines.
This generator automatic control system (GAC-UMS) is performed by a computerized
generator automatic control functions “GENERATING PLANT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
GAC21” : generator voltage monitoring, bus voltage and frequency monitoring, generator
synchronizing (Paralleling), load sharing control and load shift control.

The “GENERATING PLANT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM GAC21 ”has the following features:

The “Generating plant management system GAC21 ”(hereafter referred to as the

GAC21 system.) is an extremely easy to us and highly reliable total system.
The “GAC21 system ”is composed of the one programmable controller Generating
plant control device GAC21 (hereafter referred to as the GAC21 Controller.) And
one of the DIGITAL SYNCHRONIZER EAS-101 and each device are installed in
switchboard under common section.
The “GAC21 system ”is responsible for overall management of the generating plant.
It has an automatic synchronizing/automatic load sharing function, automatic
generator start and changeover commands, and power management functions.
It is used to automate plants with unattended machinery rooms and performs
efficient power management for super-rationalization plants.
The “GAC21 system ”always monitors both the data transmission system and the
operation of the GAC21 Controller.

System design based on two principles; “manual control should override

automatic control ”and “control system should be isolated or separated from
safety and protective systems, alarm systems and other important systems ”, so
that the safety of the ship's electric power system and the ship herself will be
secured even if the worst happens to the GAC21 system.
The “GAC21 system ”controls generating plant centralized so that extremely high
level of power supply reliability is achieved.

Handling of Generating Plant Management CAUTION System GAC21

The details of GAC21 system are the instruction manuals of a separate volume.
“GENERATING PLANT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MARINE USE Model
GAC21 INSTRUCTION MANUAL ”Please refer to the volume the PART 1 to
PART 3, and on the PART 4.
In addition, refer to “GAC21 & CONNECTOR ASSIGNMENT (COMMON) S13-1 ”
of the main switchboard finished drawing for the composition and arrangement of
each module.
In this ship, additional equipment of the one “Digital Input/output module”is carried

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out to the composition and arrangement of a module

given in an instruction manual “GENERATING PLANT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
FOR MARINE USE Model GAC21 INSTRUCTION MANUAL ”.
In addition, Refer to “GAC21 SETTING LIST GA11/ GA12 ”of the main
switchboard finished drawing for the various kinds of control setting value.

The “EAS-101 DIGITAL SYNCHRONIZER ”has the following features:

The “Digital Synchronizer ”(hereafter referred to as EAS-101 DEVICE.) is a small,

lightweight unit using a one-chip CPU.
In addition, the use of programmed control allows for flexibly performing synchronous
closing control and synchronous detection control.
Both the“Automatic synchronizing function ”and“Check synchronizing function ”are available,
but GAC21 system used for “Automatic synchronizing function ”.

CAUTION Handling of Digital Synchronizer

The automatic synchronous closing control function for a generator, as

mentioned in the instruction manual for the “GENERATING PLANT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MARINE USE Model GAC21 INSTRUCTION
MANUAL ”is independent from the “GAC21 CONTROLLER ” ．
For further information on this function, refer to the instruction manual for the
“DIGITAL SYNCHRONIZER TYPE EAS-101 INSTRUCTION MANUAL ”.

GAC21 SYSTEM CONTROL FUNCTIONS

* CONTROL MODE SELECTION (AUTO-MANU)
* ACB INDIVIDUAL CLOSE/OPEN
* GENERATOR ENGINE START/STOP CONTROL --------＊1
* GOVERNOR MOTOR CONTROL (FREQUENCY/OUT PUT CONTROL)
* FREQUENCY CONSTANT CONTROL IN GENERATOR SINGLE OPERATION
* GENERATOR VOLTAGE DETECTION (ESTABLISHMENT)
* GENERATOR ACTIVE POWER DETECTION
* ACB NON-CLOSE DETECTION --------＊2
* ACB ABNORMAL TRIP DETECTION
* AUTOMATIC PROPORTIONAL LOAD SHARING CONTROL & FREQUENCY
CONTROL IN GENERATOR PARALLEL OPERATION
* PREFERENTIAL TRIP (ACB ABNORMAL TRIP)
* AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZING CONTROL/SYNCHRONIZING FAIL DETECTION -----＊3

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* AUTOMATIC LOAD SHIFT and ACB TRIP CONTROL

* AUTOMATIC STANDBY START AND ACB CLOSE
* AUTOMATIC START/STOP ORDER SELECTION
* BUS VOLTAGE MONITOR (HIGH/LOW)
* BUS FREQUENCY MONITOR (HIGH/LOW)
* ALARM INDICATOR LAMP OUTPUT FOR GENERATOR
* INDICATOR LAMP OUTPUT FOR GENERATOR
* ALARM INDICATOR LAMP OUTPUT FOR COMMON USE
* INDICATOR LAMP OUTPUT FOR COMMON USE
* TOTAL POWER, SURPLUS POWER MONITOR AND DETECTION
* SETTING DEVICE OPERATION --------＊4
* SELF-DIAGNOSTICS FUNCTIONS
Remarks:
＊1 ：The GAC21 System not execute the engine control, engine control perform
other engine control device.
＊2 ：ACB non closure includes those due to auto synchronizing fail, individual
closing failure and voltage non establishment.
＊3 ：The automatic synchronous closing control or check synchronizing
control is performed by the EAS-101 DEVICE.
However the GAC21 CONTROLLER detects an automatic synchronous
failure.
＊4 ：The display unit means the HT21-001 LED SETTING DEVICE.

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An operation mode for each generator can be selected via the OPERATION MODULE
(hereafter referred to as OP Module) provided on each generator panel.
The OP Module also enables you to semi-automatic control and manual start/stop of
generator engine and monitors its operation.
The following figures and CAUTION tables show the OP MODULE SPECIFICATIONS for
operations, indications, and other.

Fig. 2 SPECIFICATION OF OP MODULE

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CAUTION Operation Module of Generator Panels

The OP Module mounted switches and LED indicator lamps:

1. GENERATOR SYSTEM group

(1) Generator control MODE SELECT push-button switch with MANU (RL1) and
AUTO (YL1) indicator lamp.
(2) STANDBY indicator lamp: 1st (YL2), 2nd (YL3),3rd (YL4).
(3) FULL AUTO STOP push-button switch with indicator lamp (YL10).
(4) FULL AUTO START push-button switch with indicator lamp (YL11).
(5) ACB TROUBLE RESET push-button switch with indicator lamp (RL2).
(6) Space heater SH push-button switch with closed SWITCH indicator lamp (AL1)
and HEATER activate indicator lamp (AL2).

2. ENGINE control group

(1) Engine START push-button switch with SPEED PICK UP indicator lamp (GL1).
(2) Engine STOP push-button switch with EXECUTE indicator lamp (YL16).
(3) Engine start/stop ENTER push-button switch with indicator lamp (YL17).
(4) LED Indicator lamps
a) STARTER EXCUTE indicator lamp (AL3).
b) CONTROL POSITION LOCAL indicator lamp (RL3).
c) READY TO START indicator lamp (YL15).
d) START FAIL indicator lamp (RL7).
e) EM'CY STOP indicator lamp (RL8). --- Turned on by the d) e) f) or g) above.

3. COMMON section group

(1) LAMP TEST push-button switch.

Notes:
LED indicator lamps.
a. Color: YL --- YELLOW, RL --- RED, GL --- GREEN, AL --- AMBER..
b. The symbols such as YL1, RL1, GL1 and AL1 etc. are not indicated on the OP
Module sheet.

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2. Manual Control of Diesel Generators

2.1 Start Stop Control of Diesel Engine --- (FC11) (FC12) (FC14)
Start-stop control of each diesel generator engine may be made remotely from the Main
switchboard (MSB).
The latter has a “CONTROL POSITION ”select switch (COS-L) on the machine side (M/S)
to prevent the simultaneous control from both control positions.
The above select switch “ CONTROL POSITION ” selected two positions, one of the
“LOCAL ”(machine side operation) and other position “REMOTE ”(main switchboard
operation).
If the control position is M/S, the CONTROL POSITION “LOCAL (RL3)”indicator lamp on
the OP Module is turned ON and control position “REMOTE ”the indicator lamp “LOCAL
(RL3)”turned OFF.

However, control and operation of generators engine in full-automatic mode can be done via
the Main switchboard (MSB). For further details, refer to the Chapter 2, section 3,
“Full-automatic Control of Diesel Generators ”.

(1) For remote Diesel generator engine (hereafter referred to as the 「Diesel engine 」) control from
the main switchboard, the following conditions must be satisfied:

1) 24V DC control power is supplied and the “DC24V SOURCE (YL19)”indicator

lamp on the OP Module is turned on.
2) The alarm and trouble indicator lamp is turned off.
3) The “CONTROL POSITION ”select switch (COS-L) on the machine side is set
to “REMOTE ”position and the “READY TO START (YL15)”indicator lamp on
the OP Module is turned on to indicate this switch setting.
4) Press the “MODE SELECT ”push-button switch on the OP Module is set to
“MANU ”position and “MANU (RL1)”indicator lamp is turned on.

CAUTION Selecting an Operation mode for Controlling Generator (1/2)

The “MODE SELECT ”push-button switch with LED indicator lamp is located on
the OP Module on the each generator panel.
This push-button switch alternately between “MANU ”and “AUTO ”position,
causing the corresponding LED indicators to start bright or dark according to the
respective positions.
“MODE SELECT” of all generators are running in parallel must be set in same
mode: manual or auto.
Note : (FC ××) --- Flowchart number
(Flowchart of the main switchboard finished-drawing side is referred to.)

CAUTION Selecting an Operation mode for Controlling Generator

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MODE SELECT PB SWITCH

Note:
1. LED indicator lamp color: YL1----yellow, RLI----red
2. this symbols YL1 and RL1 are not indicated on the OP Module sheet.

CAUTION operation of generator engine start/stop control from MSB Operation Module
The generator engine start/stop operation method;
(On the MSB each generator panel)
1. Pay attention to START operation
The diesel engine start condition is satisfactory in accordance with (1) of 2.1
［Start Stop Control of Diesel Engine ］of this chapter.
1) Press the START push-button switch and confirm the lighting of the ENTER
indicator lamp (YL17) on the ENTER push-button switch.
2) Press the ENTER push-button switch within about 3 seconds.
(About 3 seconds after ward START operation resetting automatically.)
3) The SPEED PICK UP indicator lamp (GL1) on the START push-button switch is
turned on after the engine low speed pick up.

2. Pay attention to STOP operation

1) Press the STOP push-button switch. Confirm the lighting of the ENTER
indicator lamp (YL17) on the ENTER push-button switch.
2) Press the ENTER push-button switch within about 3 seconds.

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(About 3 seconds after ward STOP operation resetting automatically.)

3) The EXECUTE indicator lamp (YL16) on the STOP push-button switch is turned
on and engine stop execution, then engine stop and EXECUTE indicator lamp
(YL16) is turned off.
4) The SPEED PICK UP indicator lamp (GL1) is turn off after the engine speed
below rated RPM.
Notes ：
1) LED indicator lamp color: YL16, YL17 --- YELLOW, GL1 --- GREEN.
2) The symbols such as YL1, RL1 etc. are not indicated on the OP Module sheet.

(a) Start Control

Check that the above preparation for starting the generator engine has been made
satisfactory.
Start operation, press the “START ”and next to the “ENTER ”push-button switches
located on the OP Module. The diesel engine will be started.
If the diesel engine does not reach the predetermined speed within 20 seconds of this start
command, the START FAIL signal will be produced from machine side to switchboard.
This signal cancels the start command signal and, at the same time, causes operation of the
diesel engine stop control circuit.
By which the diesel engine is stopped and the alarm indicator lamp “START FAIL (RL7)”
on the OP Module is turned on.

(b) Stop Control

The stop operation of a diesel engine, Press the “STOP ”and next to the“ENTER ”
push-button switches located on the OP Module to stop the diesel engine, after the
generator is removed from the MSB bus.

(2) For diesel engine control from the Machine Side (M/S):

CAUTION Diesel Generator Engine Machine side Control

For machine side control details, refer to the generator diesel engine
manufacturer's instruction manual.

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2.2 Start Stop Control of Diesel Generators

Control of a diesel generator is performed from a Main switchboard (MSB).

Preparations Required --- (FC11)

1) The diesel generator ACB is open.
2) The manual voltage regulator (VR) for diesel generator is set to specified position.

CAUTION Manual Voltage Regulator Adjustment

For details of the manual voltage adjustments, refer to the diesel
generator manufacturer's manual.

3) 24V DC control power is supplied and the “DC24V SOURCE (YL19)”indicator

lamp on the OP Module is turned on.
4) The alarm and trouble indicator lamp is turned off.
5) The “CONTROL POSITION ”select switch (COS-L) on the machine side is set to
“REMOTE ”position and the “READY TO START (YL15)”indicator lamp on the
MSB is turned on to indicate this switch setting.
6) Press the “MODE SELECT ”push-button switch on the OP Module is set to
“MANU ”position and “MANU (RL1)”indicator lamp is turned on.

2.2.1 Single Unit Operation --- (FC12)

The following describes, as an example, steps to place No.1 diesel generator onto a dead
bus.

(1) Engine Start

Start the diesel engine for No.1 diesel generator from the MSB in accordance with “2.1
Start-Stop Control of Diesel Engine ”of this chapter.
(2) Voltage Establishment
As the diesel engine accelerates to synchronous speed, the generator voltage will build up
and the “GEN RUN ”indicator lamp on the No.1 generator panel will be turned on and
the “READY TO START (YL15)”indicator lamp on OP Module is turned off.
(3) Voltage and Frequency Check and Adjustment
Check if the required generator voltage and frequency is reached with the voltmeter and
frequency meter for No.1 generator panel, operating the “FREQUENCY & VOLTMETER ”
switch (FVS-1) on the No.1 generator panel is set to each phase-to-phase position.
If the generator voltage is other than specified, adjust it with the manual voltage regulator
controls.
If the frequency is higher than the rated value, turn the “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control
switch (GCS) to “LOWER ”position to decrease the generator frequency and adjust it to
the rated value. If the frequency is lower than the rated value, adjust it to the rated value
by setting the GOVERNOR MOTOR control switch “GCS” to “RAISE ”position.

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(4) Feeding to Loads

Please read the bus voltage by the bus voltmeter on Synchro panel, the bus voltage
should be zero.
On confirmation of this, push “ACB CLOSE ”button on the Synchro. panel to place No.1
diesel generator onto a dead bus.
After confirming that the bus is now energized to the rated generator voltage. Turn on the
necessary feeder circuit breakers.

CAUTION Closing of Generator Air Circuit Breaker

When the voltage applied to the main bus is supplied by the shore power source,
Open the shore power supply MCCB to remove voltage from the main bus before
closing the generator ACB.
Interlock is provided that will prevent the generator ACB from closing if shore
powers supply MCCB is closed.

(5) Automatic Frequency Control

When the “MODE SELECT ”push-button switch setting from “MANU ”to the“AUTO ”
position after closing the ACB of the No.1 diesel generator to provide connection to the
bus enables the generator to under go automatic frequency control.
As soon as the generator is put on line with its ACB closed, the GAC21 Controller
automatically controls the generator frequency through the governor motor control to
maintain the bus frequency at the rated value.
The GAC21 Controller proper is located inside of the switchboard under common space.
Manual operation of the “ GOVERNOR MOTOR ” control switch can override this
automatic frequency control, but releasing the control switch restores the automatic
frequency control.

(6) Manual Frequency Control

On closure of the generator ACB onto the bus, the generator frequency is automatically
controlled to 60Hz constant by the automatic frequency control function of GAC21
Controller. You can override this automatic frequency control function for manual
frequency control by positioning “MODE SELECT ”push-button switch on the No.1
generator panel is set to “MANU ”position.

This switch, when in “MANU ”position, de-energizes the governor drive output relay

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circuit of GAC21 Controller and enables you to control the generator frequency with
GOVERNOR MOTOR control switch “GCS” to the desired frequency. Then, adjust the bus
frequency to the rated value as necessary by operating No.1's “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”
control switch to “LOWER ”or to “RAISE ”.

2.2.2 Parallel Operation --- (FC13) (FC32)

CAUTION Conditions for Generator Paralleling

To place a generator onto a live bus served by another generator at least the
following three conditions must be satisfied:
1) The incoming generator voltage is approximately equal to the bus voltage.
2) The incoming generator frequency is approximately equal to the bus
frequency.
3) The circuit breaker (ACB) for the incoming generator must be closed at an
exact instant when the generator voltage is in phase with the bus voltage.

The following describes, as an example, steps to place No.2 diesel generator

onto a live bus served by No.1 diesel generator.

(1) Engine Start

Start the diesel engine for the 2nd diesel generator from the MSB in accordance with “2.1
Start-Stop Control of Diesel Engine ”of this chapter, and let the 2nd diesel generator voltage
establish.

(2) Voltage and Frequency Check and Adjustment

Set the “FREQUENCY & VOLTMETER ”switch (FVS-3) on the Synchro. Panel to compare
the generator voltage with the bus voltage by gen voltmeter and compare the generator
frequency with the bus frequency is shown in gen frequency meter. If they are not equal,
adjust the generator voltage/frequency to the bus voltage/ frequency (assumed to be the
rated value).

(3) Closing the Generator ACB at Manual Synchronism

CAUTION Synchronous Closing Operation

To close the generator ACB while voltage is applied to the main bus, be sure to
perform synchronous closing operation.
Closing the ACB without synchronization may cause abnormal tripping of the
ACB.

The generator frequency is to be made slightly higher than the bus frequency in this step

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and next step.

The 2nd generator panel is furnished with synchroscope/ synchronization check lamp
(with three lamps) and “ SYNCHRO. SELECT ” switch (SYS) to enable manual
synchronous closing of the ACB in case that GAC21 Controller stops or fails to operate.
Next, set the “SYNCHRO. SELECT ”switch to “DG ”position and observe the movement
of the synchroscope pointer as well as the brilliance change of the synchronization check
lamps (hereafter referred to as 「synchro lamp 」).

(a) The synchroscope pointer rotates in FAST (clockwise) direction.

This condition indicates that the generator frequency (No.2 diesel generator's) is higher
than the bus frequency (No.1 diesel generator's). The sequence of brilliance change of the
three-synchro lamps is also in a clockwise direction.
In this case, set the “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control switch for No.2 diesel generator to
“LOWER ”until the synchroscope pointer change its direction of rotation from FAST to
SLOW.

(b) The synchroscope pointer rotates in SLOW (counter-clockwise) direction.

This condition indicates that the generator frequency is lower than the bus frequency.
The sequence of brilliance change of the synchro lamps is also in a counter-clockwise
direction.
In this case, set the “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control switch for No.2 diesel generator to
“RAISE ”until the synchroscope pointer changes its direction of rotation from SLOW to
FAST.

(c) The synchroscope pointer is stationary.

This condition indicates that the generator frequency is exactly equal to the bus
frequency, and the position of the stationary pointer indicates the relative phase angle
between the generator and bus voltage.
There is no brilliance change in the synchro lamps. In this case, set the “GOVERNOR
MOTOR ”control switch for No.2 diesel generator to “RAISE ”until the synchroscope
pointer starts to rotate in FAST direction.

(d) The synchroscope pointer points to 12 o'clock position.

Whether the pointer is moving slowly or stationary, this condition indicates that the
generator voltage is in phase with the bus voltage (synchronism). At this instant, the
middle top synchro lamp is completely dark and the two lower outside lamps are turned
on at the same brightness.

(e) Closing the Generator ACB at Synchronism

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CAUTION Manual Synchronous Closing Operation

Do not close the generator ACB unless it synchronizes point with the
generator:
a) Close the generator ACB within range of approximately 15 ßon both the
FAST side and the SLOW side, with the synchroscope pointer
synchronization point as the 12 o'clock position.
b) ACB synchronous closing operation outside the range described in item
a) above may pull the generator out of synchronism and cause abnormal
tripping of the ACB.
ACB abnormal tripping may result in no voltage on the main bus.

Observing the synchroscope / synchro lamp and operating the “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”
control switch for No.2 diesel generator to the “RAISE ”position and adjust the frequency
of the No.2 diesel generator so that it exceeds the bus frequency by 0.5 to 1.0Hz. Then
gradually lower the generator frequency until the synchroscope pointer should rotate in
FAST direction and complete one rotation in 3 to 4 seconds and synchronization check
lamp flickers at intervals of 3 to 4 seconds, (This will result in the difference between bus
and generator frequencies being approximately 0.3Hz).
Timing the closure of No.2 diesel generator ACB to occur at the exact instant of
synchronism. push “ACB CLOSE ”button for No.2 diesel generator a little prior to the
synchronism.
On closure of the No.2 diesel generator ACB, after the “SYNCHRO. SELECT ” switch
turn to “OFF ”position. When two generators are on line, you must operate their
“GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control switches simultaneously to “RAISE ”(frequency up) or
to“LOWER ”(frequency down), operation of only one switch transfers load from one
generator to the other rather than changing the frequency.

(4) Automatic Load Sharing Control

When the ACB for the No.2 diesel generator is closed while the “MODE SELECT ”switch
for both the No.1 and No.2 diesel generators is in “AUTO ”position, the automatic load
sharing function of GAC21 Controller controls the loads on both the generator to be
identical, and ensures the rated frequency of the generators.
As soon as No.2 diesel generator is put on line, the GAC21 Controller's automatic load
sharing control function starts to control the governor motors of No.1 and No.2 diesel
generators, so that each generator will be loaded to the same percentage in reference to
their rated kW output values and that the bus frequency will be maintained at the rated
value.

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Although the generator watt meters on the each generator panel indicate the kW load
values on the respective generators.
Their loading kW is displayed on the LED screen of the handy type SETTING DEVICE.
For details see the PART 3 “Setting Value Display Functions ”of “GENERATING PLANT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MARINE USE Model GAC21 INSTRUCTION MANUAL ”.

(5) Manual Load Sharing Control and Load Shift Control --- (FC14)
Normally, the load sharing control is automatically performed as mentioned in step (4)
above. The load shift control is also performed automatically on a manual initiation as
mentioned in Section 3.3 below.
In this case,“MODE SELECT ”push-button switch of No. 1 and No. 2 diesel generator on
MSB is set as “MANU ”position.
(a) Manual Load Sharing Control
After No.2 diesel generator is placed onto a live bus served by No.1 diesel generator, set
the “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control switch for No.2 diesel generator to “RAISE ”so
that No.2 diesel generator will take on kW load.
This lightness the kW load on No.1 diesel generator and increases the bus frequency,
provided the total kW load remains unchanged during the control.
Therefore, it will be necessary to set the “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control switch for No.1
diesel generator to “LOWER ”. It is recommended to operate the “GOVERNOR
MOTOR ”control switches for No.1 and No.2 diesel generators simultaneously as
mentioned for the purposes of both speedier load sharing control and bus frequency
control. No.1 and No.2 diesel generators are to be equally loaded by this control.
The load division between No.1 and No.2 diesel generators, once determined, will
remain unchanged, but the bus frequency will change if the total kW load is changed.
In this case, the bus frequency is to be controlled by simultaneous operation of the both
generators' “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control switches to “RAISE ” (frequency up) if
the bus frequency is lower than the rated value, or to“LOWER ”(frequency down)if the
bus frequency is higher than the rated value.
When two or more generators are on line, you must operate their “ GOVERNOR
MOTOR ”control switches simultaneously to “RAISE ”or to “LOWER ”, operation
of only one switch transfers load from one generator to the other rather than changing
the frequency.

(b) Manual Load Shift Control

The following describes, as an example, the case where No.1 diesel generator is
removed from the bus when No.1 and No.2 diesel generators are on line.
Set the No.1's “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control switch to “LOWER ”and No.2's to
“RAISE ”. This lightens the kW load on No.1 diesel generator and increases the kW
load on No.2 diesel generator i.e., load on No.1 diesel generator is shifted to No.2
diesel generator.
When the load on No.1 diesel generator is reduced to about 5% of its rated kW output,
push the No.1's “ACB OPEN ”button to remove No.1 diesel generator from the bus.
Then, adjust the bus frequency to the rated value as necessary by operating

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No.2's “GOVERNOR MOTOR ”control switch to “LOWER ”or to “RAISE ”.

CAUTION Manual Load Sharing and Load Shift Control

1) Pay attention to variations of the bus frequency during the load sharing
control or load shift control, and take the necessary action to maintain the
bus frequency at the rated value.
2) Pay attention to the kW load on the generator to remain on line during the
load shift control, and restore the original parallel operation if the generator
to remain online is expected to be over loaded.
3) If the kW load on the generator to be removed is reduced beyond zero
during the load shift control, the reverse power protection function will
operate to trip the generator ACB.

2.2.3 Stopping a Generator --- (FC22)

The generator diesel engine stop control is performed in main switchboard (MSB) or
machine side (M/S), no matter whether the “CONTROL POSITION ” select switch
(COS-L) on the machine side is in the “LOCAL ”position or“REMOTE ”position.
Stop the diesel generator after it has been removed from the bus as follows:

(1) When the diesel generator is in single unit operation, remove the unnecessary loads to
lighten the load on the generator.
(2) push “ACB OPEN”button to move the diesel generator from the bus.
(3) When the generator is in parallel operation with another generator, perform step (5) (b)
“Manual Load Shift Control ”of Section 2.2.2. For automatic load shift control, refer to 3.3
of Section 3 this chapter.
(4) The diesel engine stop operation (Press the “STOP ”and next to the “ENTER ”push-
button switches) on the OP Module to stop the diesel engine, after the generator is
removed from the MSB bus.
The diesel engine may be stopped on the machine side (LOCAL).

CAUTION Generator ACB Abnormal Tripping Occurrence

Manual stop or abnormal stop of the generator diesel engine with the generator
ACB closed will result in abnormal tripping of the generator ACB.

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2.2.4 Automatic Load Shift Control --- (FC32)

In order to remove one of the generators in parallel operation, the load on that generator
is first shifted to the other generator(s) until it is reduced to nearly zero kW, then the
generator is removed from the bus.
The following describes, as an example, the case where No.1 diesel generator (No.1 D/G)
is removed when No.1 D/G and No.2 diesel generator (No.2 D/G) are in parallel operation.

Preparations Required
The “MODE SELECT ”switch on the OP Module each diesel generator is set to “AUTO ”
position and indicator lamp “AUTO (YL1)”is turned on.

Press the push-button switch “AUTO STOP (YL10)”on the OP Module for No.1 D/G. The
indicator lamp “AUTO STOP (YL10)”with the push-button switch will be light up and the
GAC21 Controller automatic load control function starts its operation.
The start of the automatic load shift control function, which control the governor motors
of No.1 D/G and No.2 D/G to shift the load on No.1 D/G to No.2 D/G.
When the load on No.1 D/G is reduced to about 5% of its rated kW output, the No.1 D/G
ACB trip command signal is produced to remove No.1 D/G from the bus, and same time
the “AUTO STOP (YL10)”indicator lamp with the push-button switch for No.1 D/G is
turned off.

CAUTION Automatic Load Shift Control Discontinue

If the load on the generator to remain on line (No.2 D/G in the above example) is
expected to reach 90% or more of its rated kW output as a result of automatic
load shift control, press the push-button switch “AUTO LOAD SHIFT ”has no
effect.

4. Automatic Starting of Diesel Generators

4.1 Summary
The bus voltage and frequency during the service are monitored by the GAC21 system is
bus monitoring function, and abnormal tripping of the generator ACB and trouble or
delay in generator control before the generator is put on line are monitored by the GAC21
system is generator monitoring function.
The three diesel generators (No.1 D/G, No.2 D/G and No.3 D/G) can be set as stand-bys
when one or two generator is in service.
If abnormalities occur in the busbar under power supply, or a generator, a stand-by
generator will be started automatically and the change to a stand-by generator will be
automatically performed from the generator under operation. Should the 1st stand-by fail
to start or its ACB fail to close, then the 2nd stand-by will be automatically controlled to
replace 1st stand-by.
The stand-by will also be automatically started when two or three generators in service is

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one generator ACB abnormal trip or generator in service is overloaded, in which case the
started stand-by is automatically paralleled to service generator.
(A) Trouble Signals Detected by GAC21 system

Setting
Trouble signal (100% rated Used For; Remarks
value)
VOLTAGE 105% or more for Automatic 1st stand-by Single or
HIGH 5 second start and alarm Parallel run
VOLTAGE 95% or less for Automatic 1st stand-by Do
LOW 5 second start and alarm
FREQUENCY 105% or more for Automatic 1st stand-by
Do
HIGH 5 second start and alarm
FREQUENCY 95% or less for Automatic 1st stand-by
Do
LOW 5 second start and alarm
ACB ABNORMAL Automatic 1st stand-by
Parallel run
TRIP － start and alarm with
Footnote 1)
(BUS ALIVE) PREFERENCE TRIP
ACB ABNORMAL Single or
Automatic 1st stand-by
TRIP － Parallel run
start and alarm
(BUS DEAD) Footnote 1)
Automatic 2nd stand-by Single run
ACB NON CLOSE －
start and alarm Footnote 2)
Parallel run
ACB NON CLOSE － Alarm only
Footnote 2)
MSB CONTROL GAC21 system
－ Alarm only
SYSTEM ABN. trounle

(B) Other Trouble Signals

Setting
Trouble signal (100% rated Used For; Remarks
value)
10 sec at 108% of
OVER LOAD and Preferential trip and
rated Gen current Single or
preferential trip or Automatic 1st stand-by
or 10 sec at 85% Parallel run
heavy load start and alarm
of the total power
Automatic 2nd stand-by Single run
START FAILURE －
start and alarm Footnote 3)
Parallel run
START FAILURE － Alarm only
Footnote 3)
ACB SYSTEM For Gen ACB
－ Alarm only
ABNORMAL

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Footnotes;

1) The ACB abnormal trip refers to an automatic opening of the generator ACB other than by
operation of the “ACB OPEN ”button or as a result of the automatic load shift control for 3.3 of
section 3 this chapter.

An ACB abnormal trip may result from one of the following:

- Generator diesel engine emergency trip/manual stop
- Over-current (including a short-circuit fault)
- Under-voltage
- Reverse power flow
- Mechanical trouble of ACB itself

2) The ACB NON-CLOSE means one of the following conditions:

(a) ACB NON-CLOSURE
The stand-by generator's ACB does not close within 3 seconds of the ACB close command
signal.
(b) VOLTAGE NON-ESTABLISHED
The voltage of the stand-by generator does not reach 95% of the rated value within 20
seconds after its diesel engine speed has reached a predetermined value.
(c) AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZING FAILURE
The automatic synchronizing (generator synchronizing and its ACB closure at
synchronism) is not completed within 60 seconds of the auto synchro start command
signal.

3) START FAILURE
The START FAILURE means a condition that after the start command signal is given the
diesel engine speed of a diesel generator does not reach a predetermined value within 20
seconds.

(C) Preparations Required

The diesel generators (No.1 D/G, No.2 D/G and No.3 D/G) can be set as automatic starting
stand-bys.
The following are conditions for a diesel generator to be set as a stand-by:

1) 24V DC control power is supplied and the “DC24V SOURCE (YL19)” indicator lamp
on the OP Module is turned on.
2) The “Alarm ”and “Trouble ”indicator lamp on the console/switchboard is turned
off.
3) The “CONTROL POSITION ”select switch (COS-L) on the machine side is set to
“REMOTE ”position and the diesel engine interlock conditions are satisfied.

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4) Stand-by generator to specify is not in LOCAL FIRE EXTINGUISH state.

These conditions 1) through 4) are met when the “READY TO START (YL15)” indicator
lamp on the OP Module is turned on.
5) The “MODE SELECT ”push-button switch on the OP Module for each diesel generator
(Not on line) is set to “AUTO ”position and “AUTO (YL1)”indicator lamp is turned on.
Also, their “1st STANDBY (YL2)”or “2nd STANDBY (YL3)” or “3rd STANDBY (YL4)”
indicator lamp on the OP Module is turned on to indicate this switch setting.

When generators are available as stand-by, the stand-by generator mode select function
checks this switch position and each generator for“ready for automatic start”conditions
and selects the generators ready for automatic start as 1st stand-by, 2nd stand-by and so
on enable in ascending order of generator Nos. (standby selection is clockwise direction on
the select switch) starting from the position to which the select switch is set.

CAUTION Selecting an Operation mode for Controlling Generator

The “MODE SELECT “change over switch and stand-by indicator lamp are
all located on the Synchro. panel . This change over switch alternately
between “MANU “and “AUTO “position, causing the corresponding
stand-by indicators to start bright or dark according to the respective
positions.
“MODE SELECT” of all generators are running in parallel must be set in
same mode: manual or auto.

4.2 Automatic Stand-by Connection on ACB Abnormal Trip --- (FC56) (FC58)
4.2.1 One Generator in Service (Two Stand-bys)
In the event of a ACB abnormal trip as mentioned in 4.1 (“ACB ABNORMAL TRIP “),
The GAC21 Controller's generator monitor function produces the alarm signal and sends
the automatic start command signal to 1st stand-by. after the started 1st stand-by has
built up the voltage to 95% or more of the rated value, the 1st stand-by's ACB will be
automatically closed. In the above automatic stand-by connection process, a start failure of
the 1st stand-by or its ACB's non-closure will cause the 2nd stand-by to work in place of the
1st stand-by. And a start failure of the 2ndstand-by or its ACB's non-closure will cause the
3rd stand-by to work in place of the 2nd stand-by. In the event of a short circuit condition
on bus, the closed generator ACB is tripped, then the 1st stand-by will be started
automatically in the same way as in the above mentioned. If the short circuit condition still
exists, the ACB of the 1st stand-by will be in abnormal trip state even if the ACB is closed.
In this case, the 2nd stand-by will not be started.

4.2.2 Two Generators in Service (One Stand-by)

In this case, the control process differs depending on the number of generator ACBs
tripped:

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(A) ACB abnormal trip of only one in parallel running: (BUS ALIVE). The stand-by is
automatically started and, at the same time, the preference trip system works to trip
the non-essential load circuit breakers thereby reducing the load on the generator
remaining on line. after the started 1st stand-by has established voltage, the GAC21
Controller's automatic generator synchronizing function synchronizes the stand-by to
the bus and puts it on line by closing its ACB at synchronism. After this, the automatic
load sharing control function establishes a proportional load sharing between the two
generators on line as well as maintaining the bus frequency at the rated value.
(B) ACB abnormal trip of all D/G's in parallel running: (BUS BLACK OUT)
This is a dead bus trouble (blackout), and the started stand-by's ACB will be closed as
soon as its voltage has been established. In the above generator replacement
process(A)(B), a start failure of the 1st stand-by or its ACB's non-closure will cause the
2nd stand-by to work in place of the 1st stand-by.

4.3 Automatic Generator Replacement on Bus Abnormal

4.3.1 One Generator in Service (Two Stand-bys)
In the event of a bus trouble as mentioned in 4.1 (A)”BUS VOLTAGE HIGH (LOW )or
BUS FREQUENCY HIGH (LOW), the GAC21 Controller 's bus monitoring function produces a
associated alarm signal and sends the automatic start command signal to the 1st stand-by.
When the started 1st stand-by runs and if the bus trouble still exists, then the ACB for the
operating generator on line is tripped. One second later (AUTO ACB CLOSE TIME), the 1st
stand-by's ACB is closed. A temporary blackout condition occurs during this transition
period. The bus frequency is then automatically adjusted to and maintained at the rated
value.
If the bus trouble is restored to normal at the above time point, on the other hand, the
started 1st stand-by will be kept idling and in a wait state. Then if the bus trouble occurs
again, the ACB for the operating generator will be tripped and, one second later, the 1st
stand-by's ACB will be automatically closed.
In the above generator replacement process, a start failure of the 1st stand-by or its
ACB's non-closure will cause the 2nd stand-by to work in place of the 1st stand-by.

4.3.2 Two Generators in Service (One Stand-by)

In the event of a bus trouble as mentioned in 4.1 (A), the 1st stand-by will be
automatically started to replace the generator(s) currently in service as in 4.3.1 above.
Since there is no 2nd stand-by, a start failure or voltage non-establishment of the 1st
stand-by will interrupt the generator replacement process.
Therefore, only the alarm is issued and the bus trouble continues without generator
replacement.
In the event of an ACB non-closure, since the ACB for the generator(s) in service has been
tripped, the alarm is issued and a blackout condition continues.
In such a case, immediate actions are required to restore the service.

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4.4 Automatic Stand-by Start and Paralleling on Overload --- (FC58)

4.4.1 One Generator in Service (Two Stand-bys)
In the event of a generator overload (over current) as mentioned in 4.1 (B), the GAC21
Controller's generator monitor function produces the alarm signal and sends the automatic
start command signal to 1st stand-by. At the same time, the preference trip system works to
trip the non-essential load circuit breakers, thereby reducing the load on the generator
remaining on line. after the started 1st stand-by has established voltage, the automatic
generator synchronizing function starts to synchronize the 1st stand-by and put it on line
by closing its ACB at synchronism. After this, the automatic load sharing control function
establishes a proportional load sharing between the generators on line as well as
maintaining the bus frequency at the rated value.
If the 1st stand-by fails to start or its ACB fails to close in the above control process,
then the 2nd stand-by will be automatically to work in place of the 1st stand-by.

4.4.2 Two Generators in Service (One Stand-by)

If overload shown in 4.1 (B) occurs, while it carries out the preferential trip of the
non-essential load MCCB like the above 4.4.1, and 1st stand-by will carry out automatic
starting and will carry out the automatic synchronous closing of the 1st stand-by ACB after
establishment of voltage, load is distributed proportionally according to the rate of load of
each generator (3 set), and bus frequency is also automatically controlled to rated value. If
the 1st stand-by fails to start or its ACB fails to close in the above control process, then the
2nd stand-by will be automatically to work in place of the 1st stand-by. Since stand-by is
one set when start failure of 1st stand-by or ACB of 1st stand-by is non-close, the generator
under operation continues single running or parallel running state after an abnormal
occurrence, only by emitting each abnormal alarm.

4.5 Power Management --- (FC71-1) (FC71-2) (FC81)

4.5.1 Automatic Start and Synchro. Due To Heavy Load --- (FC71-1)
Under the condition of automation, if all consumption power is bigger than DG x N
x90%( DG: generator rating power, N: number of parallel running generators), the GAC21
Controller's generator monitor function produces the stand-by-start signal and sends the
automatic start command signal to 1st stand-by. after the started 1st stand-by has
established voltage, the automatic generator synchronizing function starts to synchronize
the 1st stand- by and put it on line by closing its ACB at synchronism.
After this, the automatic load sharing control function establishes a proportional load
sharing between the generators on line as well as maintaining the bus frequency at the
rated value.
A)One Generators in Service (Two Stand-by)
If the 1st stand-by fails to start or its ACB fails to close in the above control process,
then the 2nd stand-by will be automatically to work in place of the 1st stand-by. And if the
1st stand-by fails to start or its ACB fails to close in the above control process, then the
3rd stand-by will be automatically to work in place of the 2nd stand-by.
B)Two Generators in Service (One Stand-by)
If the 1st stand-by fails to start or its ACB fails to close in the above control process,

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then the 2nd stand-by will be automatically to work in place of the 1st stand-by.

4.5.2 Automatic Load Shift and Stop Due To Light Load --- (FC71-2)
Under the condition of automation, At least two generators parallel running, turn the
change over switch ”AUTO LIGNT LOAD SHIFT SELECT” to “avail” position, when the all
consumption power is less than DG x (N-1) x 70% ( DG: generator rating power; N: number of
parallel generators), the GAC21 Controller's generator monitor function shift load on first
generator to other generators. When the load on first generator is reduced to about 5% of its
rated kW output, the PMS produce a command “ACB OPEN” to “OPEN”ACB to remove first
generator from the bus. And output a generator stop signal to stop generator after 1 minute.

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CHAPTER 3 MISCELLANEOUS
1. Monitoring of Insulation Level
1.1 Summary
The insulation resistance monitor (IRM) equipped respectively on 440V feeder panel
and 220V feeder panel, detect the insulation level of respective 440V feeder system and
220V feeder system. If the system's insulation is deteriorated and the insulation resistance
value is reduced than the predetermined set value, alarm is generated.

1.2 Insulation Resistance Monitor

(1) This unit consists of an insulation resistance monitor and an insulation resistance
meter. This enables continuous monitoring of insulation level.
(2) Only one set of the insulation resistance monitor can be connected to the same system.
If multiple number of the unit are connected to the same system, the number of earthing
detection point become multiple, resulting in impossibility of current insulation
resistance measurement. The insulation resistance monitors the feeder circuit insulation
level when continuous earthing condition should be used under normal circumstance for
continuous insulation level monitoring. If the insulation level drops below a
predetermined value, the IRM will cause insulation low alarm.
(a) Detection of insulation deterioration
When main switchboard and emergency switchboard are fed as the same bus bar
system, both system of main switchboard and emergency switchboard monitor the
insulation level by the insulation resistance monitor of main switchboard 440V feeder
bus.
(b) Judgment of insulation-deteriorated circuit
When the insulation values become lower than the initialized alarm set value, alarm is
generated. After stopping the alarm, open the feeder circuit breakers one by one. At the
same time, check the insulation-deteriorated circuit by an insulation resistance meter,
and take necessary measures.

2. Preferential Tripping System --- (FC51)

(1) Purpose
When the generator on line is overloaded, relatively non-essential load is tripped from the
system by the preferential tripping system, to reduce the load of generator. Thus the
operation of generator continues and the feeding to essential load circuits continues.
The preferential tripping system of this ship has two kinds of “Tripping “, namely, one by
overload of the generator, and the other by abnormal ACB trip of the generator during
parallel operation of generators.
(2) Operation
(a) Separation of non-essential load due to overload.
If the load current of generator on line becomes higher than the preferential trip set
value, PREFERENTIAL TRIP function among the over current tripping device functions
of ACB operate to trip the MCCB for non-essential load. For the MCCB designated for
non-essential load, a thin yellow plate is inserted under its nameplate specifying its
application purpose. This indicates the preferential breaking designation.

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(b) Separation of non-essential load by abnormal tripping of the generator ACB.

The preferential tripping takes place alike (a) above also when the ACB of one unit out of
the generator ACBs in parallel operation is tripped by a trouble.

3. Overload Protection of Generators

After the preferential tripping as described in (2) (a) of section 2. above this chapter,
when the generator is further overloaded, Long Time Delay Trip (LTD) function among the
functions of over current tripping device of ACB operates to trip the ACB of generator to
prevent damage in the generator.

4. ACB TROUBLE RESET Push-button Switch

CAUTION Generator ACB Abnormal Trip Resetting

Before, press this push-button switch, confirm protection device on

generator ACB.

(a) The indicator lamp “ACB TROUBLE RESET “with the push-button
switch on the according generator panel turned on. This is turned on by such failures as
ACB SYSTEM ABNORMAL, ACB NON CLOSE, AUTO SYNCHRO FAIL, ACB ABNORMAL
TRIP or ACB SHORT CIRCUIT TRIP. By pressing the push-button switch in the indicator
lamp is turned off and the ACB closing circuit is reset to normal.
(b) By a short circuit trouble on main bus bar, the related ACB is tripped, and the indicator
lamp “ACB TROUBLE RESET ”with the push-button switch on the according generator
panel is turned on. At the same time, the re-closing prevention circuit is operated to
prevent the closing of the ACB. By pressing the push-button switch on, the re-closing
prevention is released .At the same time, the indicator lamp with the push-button switch
is turned off making the closing of the ACB. When unable to reset by push-button switch
for case (a) and (b) above, confirm the generator ACB protection device.

5. Trouble Alarm System for Main switchboard

(1) When the abnormalities occur, output the following failure cause signal to ECC from the
main switchboard by modbus communication.
BUSBAR VOLT. HIGH
BUSBAR VOLT. LOW
BUSBAR FREQ. HIGH
BUSBAR FREQ. LOW
MSB 440V LOW INSUL.
MSB 220V LOW INSUL.
MSB CONTROL SYSTEM(GAC21) ABNORMAL

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ESB SYSTEM ABNORMAL

PRE-TRIP1
ACB ABN. TRIP
ACB NON CLOSE
DG START FAIL
MSB EM’CY STOP&PRE-TRIP SOURCE FAILURE
MSB ACB ABNORMAL TRIP
MSB DC24V FAIL
(2) The corresponding failure cause indicator lamp on synchro. panel lights up, and
abnormalities are reported.
The buzzer stop and flick stop pushbutton will reset alarm circuit if the alarm signal is
disabled. The trouble alarm lamp on the MSB synchro.

6. Switching of Control Power Source for Main Bus bar and Disconnecting of Main Bus bar
Duplication
The following select switch and disconnecting device is installed on the No.2
generator panel rear of inside.

CAUTION Handling of Control Power Source Select Switch

After opening the main bus bar duplication bolt link, set the “MAIN BUS
CONTROL SOURCE “select switch (COS-B) to a SOUND BUSBAR side.
Setting this select switch to any position will usually cause no trouble.
But do not change the select switch position during normal operation.
Doing so could cause a malfunction to occur in control and monitoring circuits.

CAUTION Handling of Main busbar Duplication Bolt Link and Limitations in

Generator Operation
1. Operation of Bolt Link for Main Busbar Duplication
1.1 Do not open/close the disconnecting device under ON LOAD condition.
1.2 Do not touch the live parts. Doing so will cause electric shock.
1.3 Make sure each of the three phases is correctly connected after installing the bolt
link. Make sure all of the three phases are disconnected after removing the bolt link.
1.4 After opening the busbar duplication bolt link, set the “MAIN BUS CONTROL
SOURCE ”select switch (COS-B) to a SOUND BUSBAR side.
2. Limitations in Generator Operation
When a fault occurs and the busbar duplication bolt link is opened.
Do not operate generators connected to the faulty busbar until the fault is removed.
And set all generator “MODOLE SELECT” SWITCH to MANUAL.
END

32 TERASAKI(CHINA) ELECTRIC CO.,LTD