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Municipalities - Notes

The document discusses urban local self-government in India. It provides details on the history and evolution of municipalities in India dating back to British rule. It also outlines the key provisions of the 74th Amendment Act that gave constitutional status to municipalities and describes different types of urban local bodies like municipal corporations, municipalities, notified area committees and town area committees.

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75 views4 pages

Municipalities - Notes

The document discusses urban local self-government in India. It provides details on the history and evolution of municipalities in India dating back to British rule. It also outlines the key provisions of the 74th Amendment Act that gave constitutional status to municipalities and describes different types of urban local bodies like municipal corporations, municipalities, notified area committees and town area committees.

Uploaded by

Sweet tripathi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Municipalities -

Notes

Political Science

Copyright © 2014-2023 TestBook Edu Solutions Pvt. Ltd.: All rights reserved
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Urban Local Self Government: Municipalities

The first municipal mechanism created during British rule was the Municipal Corporation, set
up in the former presidency town of Madras (today Chennai) in 1688 with a view to
transferring the financial responsibility of local administration to the newly created
corporation. The Mayor's Courts were established in each of the three Presidency towns,
Madras, Bombay and Calcutta through the Royal Charter of 1720. In 1882, the then Viceroy of
India, Lord Ripon's resolution of local self-government laid the democratic forms of municipal
governance in India.
The current form and the structure of municipal bodies are based on Lord Ripon's Resolutions,
which was adopted in 1882 as local self-government. The Government of India Act, of 1919
incorporated the need for conferment of power to a democratically elected government. This
act has another development towards the evolution of urban local bodies in India. In 1935,
another Government of India Act brought the local government under the purview of the state
of the provincial government and specific powers were given to that local self-government.

74th Amendment Act

Articles and provisions

Constitution (Seventy Forth Amendment) Act, 1992 has introduced a new Part IXA in the
Constitution, which deals with Municipalities in an article 243 P to 243 ZG. This amendment,
also known as Nagarpalika Act, came into force on 1st June 1993. It has given constitutional
status to the municipalities and brought them under the justifiable part of the constitution.
States were put under a constitutional obligation to adopt municipalities as per the system
enshrined in the constitution.

Article Provision
243P Definitions
243Q Constitution of Municipalities
243R Composition of Municipalities
243S Constitution and composition of Wards Committees, etc.
243T Reservation of seats
243U Duration of Municipalities, etc.
243V Disqualifications for membership
243W Powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities, etc.
243X Power to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Municipalities.

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243Y Finance Commission


243Z Audit of accounts of Municipalities
243ZA Elections to the Municipalities
243ZB Application to Union territories
243ZC Part not to apply to certain areas
243ZD Committee for district planning
243ZE Committee for Metropolitan Planning
243ZF Continuance of existing laws and Municipalities
243ZG Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters

Types of Urban Local Self Government

Urban Local Self Area Structure


Government Body
Municipal Corporation Municipal A municipal corporation is
corporations are usually made up of an awards
found in big cities such committee. Each ward has
as Bangalore, Delhi, one seat on the ward
Mumbai, Kolkata, etc. committee. Members are
elected to the wards
committee on the basis of
adult franchise for a term of
five years. These members
are known as councillors.
Municipality The smaller cities tend to The Municipalities are often
have the provision of called upon by other names
municipalities. such as the municipal council,
municipal committee,
municipal board, etc.
Notified Area Notified area All the members of the
Committee committees are set up notified area committee are
for the fast-developing nominated by the state
towns and the towns government.
lacking the basic
amenities.
Town Area Committee The town area It has minimal authority such
committee is found in as street lighting, drainage
small towns. roads, and conservancy.

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Cantonment Board It is usually set up for a It is created and run by the


civilian population living central government.
in the cantonment area.

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