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Dual Matter

1. The photoelectric effect occurs when light ejects electrons from the surface of a metal. These ejected electrons are called photoelectrons. 2. Einstein's photoelectric equation describes the photoelectric effect and shows that light behaves as discrete packets of energy called photons. 3. According to de Broglie, particles like electrons exhibit wave-like properties with a wavelength inversely proportional to momentum.

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60 views3 pages

Dual Matter

1. The photoelectric effect occurs when light ejects electrons from the surface of a metal. These ejected electrons are called photoelectrons. 2. Einstein's photoelectric equation describes the photoelectric effect and shows that light behaves as discrete packets of energy called photons. 3. According to de Broglie, particles like electrons exhibit wave-like properties with a wavelength inversely proportional to momentum.

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aadiv2012006
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT

Dual Nature of Matter and The photoelectric Effect is a phenomenon in which electrons
Radiation are ejected from the surface of a metal when light is incident
on it. These ejected electrons are called photoelectrons.

Laws of Photoelectric Emission


Energy of Photon 1. The emission of photoelectrons takes
Terms place only, when the frequency of the
incident radiation is above a certain
Work function: This minimum critical value, characteristic of that
Momentum of Photon
energy required by an electron to metal. The critical value of frequency is
escape from the metal surface is known as the threshold frequency for
The kinetic mass of a photon is,
called the work function of the the metal of the emitting electrode.
metal. It is denoted by (ϕ0) 2. The emission of photoelectrons starts
Work Function depends upon: as soon as light falls on metal surface.
Properties of the metal Nature of 3. The maximum kinetic energy with
the surface of the metal which an electron is emitted from a
Stopping potential : The minimum metal surface is independent of the
negative voltage applied to the intensity of the light and depends only
anode to stop the photocurrent. upon its frequency.
The maximum kinetic energy of 4. The number of photoelectrons emitted
the electrons equal the stopping i.e. photoelectric current is
voltage, when measured in independent of the frequency of the
electron volt incident light and depends only upon
its intensity.
Effect of Intensity of light Effect of potential on
Dual Nature of Matter and on Photocurrent photoelectric current

Radiation

Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation


The wave picture is unable to explain the most
basic features of photoelectric emission.
● Einstein’s photoelectric equation according
is einstein, light of frequency v, when it
interacted with matter, behaves as of
discrete packet of energy known as photon.
Effect of frequency on stopping potential
E = hf = ϕ + ½ mv2max

Energy of Maximum Kinetic


incoming photon energy part of the
energy that allows
Work function the electron to move
energy needed to
snap of the electron
Dual Nature of Matter and
DE-BROGLIE WAVES
Radiation According to De-Broglie, a wave is associated with
every moving particle. These waves are called
De-Broglie waves or matter waves.
The energy of a relativistic particle

1. Lighter the particle, greater is its De-Broglie


wavelength. De-Broglie wavelength
2. The faster the particle moves, smaller is its
De-Broglie wavelength.
3. The De-Broglie wavelength of -particle is De-Broglie Wavelength of Electron
independent of the charge or nature of the
particle.
4. The matter waves are not electromagnetic in
nature. If the velocity of particle is given by

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