LINEAR ALGEBRA, Poopeitits of determinants © lar] = tal inal = tana © \arel vaisiet 18 TE fue rowow cum ave identical] Prpestion then Ae Value of determinant is xeto~ ©The sum of element in every o19 C09 carn is E69, then the deleaminent of mets i Bevo “a The det Value oF a Skaw-symnmetric of of over is alwys gevo symetvic mabis-> ATER a= ASAT, a aT Skesymmmabixo ates fy Laaiagunat dement is er symm. gio © The deb Value of axth: feet] (a= A] © TE A is sq. mateix of order ‘ide Amen fea] = EMAL matsis i either se 5 any scala ejuae ltd AY inv : again) = 1a oo seta tat) = ei # Joare} = ta 1G siandemeynr | FORE ers econ, 4 Properties of fankt— © In matrix if all rowlcoluma are identical OC) Prep. ‘then its tank 6 © 8¢R) = GET) = HERA) = BATA) © Slate) < sums f(s), © §cA@ min en S0f ‘. bes EW nen 2 a nite en sanique sel Enfinite sot” a HH No of eaiicna to of independent variable Fs ee 0 sales cE alse Ae. msickte! Nullitylesynimension of Space goin lt igen value f Eigen vector s= Ao matix [ESSE PS coer asic (A-ADK 20K elfen vector [Ie-AEP=e pp chasactecstics eq” of matvik't? [4 properties of eigen values . ae AaTrae of & Je product of eigen ue of = Jf Ege see carn erar| eects tely seal. Je Eigen value of ckew symmetric skew hecmition eaksix ave elther -gevocon) pavely. imagines Je Eigen valve of an grea etiy, diggonal mati f celles mati age its diagonal cement Je sank of sq ahix is eal 42 the no» of roo-3ee Se aNe: Gay VT Ewe me fo TE a has eigen vaes Auta, —-An then ee, v noche) AA at ave aunt same ft Ryans . Eigen vector of A, A} adFA,, HH cayley hamiltoo theovem ; Satafed choracteriskes eg? 3 leet 8 using enyley harvifen Th: | 3 Mavtssofty cut) ghaaaaaree constsbent CF ee ie of vat. infite sat a nique su “SUMIT KR’NUMERICAL METHOD _ JO Evers Bract— Apprsionte value © Posse exiov = VEvact value ~ Approsiotte valve ee eee his Ne Exec valve () owry ese au siey 43 ny 453 =4 wy must be Uagenstly dominant system “Gauss Jacobi iteration method = sh iteration xo, keo.yze inewMGi) 35 % Gauss seid) method ¢= converges twice asf 2 as, Tecebi ook =i 4st iteration: pub yzozze ine axe 2 XE49, 850 in eg) s y= 108 gatas Yatet ineqoGidd 320948 1 Numerical mb for se? of lggbsic ea = Yoo SHB P-m-L act, ps2 AGH) H(z SO since, the root lies Bin 442 \s pars ve) guts iui ents = BofA 4K) -FGte) cD. fi) Neston Raghsnn method = x)= (>The quatsatic e4M is w4us4zo, % SFly=n gerd, f= 4, Me) =2 find Xs, by" secand_ mid = FH) waFle) — BKOBS= SAL ay “ort sf nenesical_inteation Sh ARAB SESHAILMNE Gets = cate hcepumntiaes. PREP i) simpsons Laue: yey eA lVetvaHe 42% J] cater exentsim > sig te fvding the éntewal oF ine tion ‘tote 3 equal subicteetal finite ink hide 1520-3 _nsn0.of inhebal Saat 2a {in +2U4e4)] nek 1 Ag on wel sf Numerical soi of oxdinny differential €9~ 8 =F LuN). 908 i BY =F(49). 900=V0, Stepsige h # fuer forward mtdi= Y= Yot hflte,¥o) © ules Gackwsard mid Ys YorhPOeth yer) GEL you yozo Ung euler mtd of steps et value of y(02)=1 ous = Saws f= Yer We orerlorsse EWM Liv 9 oFoL(o-l49 dest V=ENAN UA DD oa4on(0r40-009 92) <| fs ytified Gates mtd gunge Harte 4M tec mil UBongernatamtededl| yg Weyer ke Kieth ke Hohe é = Fo, ¥9) w= hFliosYe), ka cht lor yor BLY Kaz hf(forhuyert) | Ka=hf(teth »Yot KE), Kesh loth, Yor a) Ge) Se=toth | y= 04) Ya=vka)LAPLACE TRANSFORM 9 usaj = Fear = ko oF 2 feo Hon tim AHO vo ne et stontords result = @ Uy = ww usinat] = a 8 at wit fesath= OFS fas Phim Si wae a = Fs) Coa Sal \ Saat form to solve differcaial « 49 s| =6-uff63} -Fl Fl) Flo LAPD] - 5 fie) flor = SHU) = oF(0d =F'(09 0 '- FF, LUI) Aben.cy UF co Up @osowe y"S4y srt. yo) TOLY"O =9. Supe dey) = Ub S8Up] styl +4Upy = Be ae a eh 2 SUG =H Subse eras s92(Seme) ta) fermvese place trancfeuns ori, al (eyte se, a Na Saras af off} = Fl 4, pa = ins Psy) fio “SUMIT KR’feaer et at hey oe) ‘Taking highest power of vaviable in nt £a* a5 Gmmon Hi check the euisance ef iit ame @ sim es Ye Ga) soe are rR) lin boon : A 3 SS Si 5 Sas nom ae Pe ele re Pon) ono, EEE Me occ . letsome_imph formula - NLA RUSLlimnekeriat] UHL= RUL{hin exist] [FRE APSE ce RES aoe Jy a " ee eonept hn mt @ sim W494) Toes serene OE Sim gant Gi rrg-value bot ae same tin (HAY = & Roe, Gi) & defined x20 " ain Be eretin amas On (eB) OxC ame Ane ie Hethod of odcleting Limits ain pe On (+ x) © 8y ajneck substitution © factosisation ee Bim wen © & sationalisation vecult ®usig standedd eat | <>S we © Using Indesminate concert Olin, ae fgulcs of ifferentiation page eer Od fsim] = cos Chcapiit cometinto radng io ete Rae Bens 3s odfen]=si siog Yobionalsatien = TH Um 109 5s form & sae ge then, [Lien pon geo im wy" 369) Jo Ltiospital Gul oe aS) Esinucosu) 4/0: = Kim" eet) ne Sim coswteory simian 299) =n a egy (a) eRe do Plogy =4 3 y= ess bn haa “AFL 9) in ERT RET) RT +H) “oes aur seat) @ fran sete Os T= atin Lieto i Cae iS 2, OMe) aw eects WAlerinc}= cosh ogi miner = Sinko inch) eco a eine Eres eiecsaicentte Ogemti-S. Afko sol fot eof'en OReMI= LF guolient tate: aig eae “SUMIT KUMAR” @afern|= Fefunction Fun és continuous abusaif. Hi Contin Jim £60 = iy F09 = fle) see eet Je check conti ISHiS=fesioe ctuce Latplin law gavin Codd fpsfigath Ser ase ot [rerenceti] his dentine ab co a Types of dsvntinnty:- © UHL KYL > Timp Bcootilty @ UHL = RL He) 3 femal larity G40) = chy Nee abaze uaLg tim t= Sarre rae aus tim 4 ° eee Fla = He (Taree Je pesutk folynomial sin, coe, e¥n axe cont fea vane @ TE fey Safa axe 2 centinyous 49 than - «@ few + goo7 be feos go is continous Biff tent = iit @fo = Kina) cheek af fia 10,0 ian ea 9 tin MO=-eerK G4 in fh =oIN 94 ot i HE Mean value Theosern 2- DWles VTS tet 0 we defined in close ite fab) such that - 400 & etinwsus in fas (in Fo is aifesentiatle in lad ip fle = ed ‘Then there exist alfeast ame value ck) at which = Toso {lnk at sich slope of tangent 4e4” Reais goink at which fangent will Nak to x-anis > fe t (ok cenisai anig it Goal SS gonnto flozo sing cose-sing =o wesczsing z = (6 feo= wWaneteast in > Fo= flee) = > ac-ecra a aicec tas <0. 3 bee, (afew {ua} Ahan find by ta 8 hos fn “SUMIT KUMAR?Ht Tusler~ serie in power of ea) oH Thor sevies expansion of (60 about waa is Foo = Flap aucan tay roca Mey, Oc = e TH aco then it is called Macurin sevies Blegiino= (GIy a teyles Series expansien af ef abouba=, the nf, of Cent is Sx eat 28 5S] neat > deck selene ey cea! sory oes" O13) 2-0, se] ere we S| > hy G) Taylor series xg” of sin about uo is 9 feESAIDERE| Siow = sine +) > sinteos pest sin 2% B sinks best 3 afk Behe nce] a HE] Skagen ae fe2] stdop-teey Bee Taylor series expansion of fo FF Maxima & Minima Fto9.0 + Encreasing @ofind the interial in ath sowie {090 money ns onan Siehly ne detrricon [Baa] os 40 <0 s-Decreasin @ $1 Q0-8 Mm. dees io aeeintait ee cesitial point > atime f minima: Proceduse:— O Find {100 @ sole fW=0 to obtain stationary point @ find FO @ let '@ be the stat point WTF Mla>0 3 Mining Giy TF FM@dZ0 > Maxim (iv TF fe 0 Then the test faile @zF Mar=o but MlarFo then fle) has ‘oint of inflection at x2q Dedthes Haring noe minima (99 flo = A904 24x 45 find point of aad nolt nites 300 Wwse Sasa eea yy = ox-18 4") =-6 60 3 mating at x22 F1a) = G05 minima ah Ke 4 =o ues {4 The waKl™ Valve & mint value of x1-oxyam| inc} is alge find pint of ratio f minima 3 80)= Soviustatse 3x22 x4 fey = 39 He eO maj value = HL erin value = 2 geiko Mating 3 =e folok oF minima 9 x= 1.6 SUMIT KUMARH+ Pastial derivatives Be fou = eta mG) Hae verivative of implict functi Sepustion of the variable from each other i¢ nok syshanoy > te tameay ae = Path-k + path =2 ft wot? > pasty ey ® eta ae (ronan 4 s yey tame seve petal derivative = Fype-Ei- vet) Aw hds- Thee digg. 6 chain gules 1. Path-1 co Path =a path? Lethok + ph sf path= 6 on F fe which ates). gy a att 9 at ee. ors add ‘apd > rapist] = Ped Bane Saute tay oe Santas aafilbey) s= hots) Sell pa MO, [oes Bet en as 20. a BW, as. woe es : § 4 Homnogenecus Functions; Gad term is of come deqeee foun = Prey agque = ya 3 Ge (lon) = SE 9 18 guage 2 ” at yte 3! ie ules theovern for horegeneous function (Det 0=F% ta» be the HE oF degree ' uz 8-249 35-19 degee Dude Yoy = nv 320 B Bug ty Uy tau = aln-pu 3 22-Yo=w Or) v= Fy) is not o bhemmeg. fuk flvy is 9 homes. & of degree‘ 5 yada Bay erecta oysters) aque: nak homeg. i. a” ee 4w fea? ws S tnvensy 3ina7S 9 OF ect y ny Ory = GUL od—L] 3 sina peosa-$) Umptet v= Fey) is net @ HF Gut Usvew, hese VEW axe HF of degree én oe. WCaeqeeend 8 aginente DUK + YUy = NV+ MD > apart) soe sing) Bloat Sy +20 ay = n(n-1V + MLM 2 > acen[eteat) r Laoensing asf? ry “SUMIT KUMAR”Hk Mesima,minims for functien of 2 -vaviables © Groceduie: R= M49) Cam a Beet © BRz0, B=0 find stationary printemcstinlst @find, x= 8, +2 at ae @ la Gy be the critical point )xt-sy0 and, {@ s>0 5 +hen To) has focal min, at A) (© 2x0 > than #99) has local mas, at 6b) Gm) xistce 5 than Fr{ky hes nether max oF ening. at aadgla is sade ot Ey af-s*=0 3 than test fail (> The F7-Fy) = axtiyh way hes @ teldve (&) era at(458) min abt) (© mae at{0,0) @) mia at = B8bo-22-6 = axa = ory-0-2 = 29-2 ate oe een. aulext =o mE oe 2 ag as" ae poink’~ (0.4), (44.4). (6 1) tet poste 422 [sco Jatest [nature sinh Ses) |=] = |= | aera els) [te | eas oth) (@>e a F(sa) = adayhon yan = (ese- une WPLyy =x oA aay ene eke tn INTEGRATION 2H ge @leechudn = tamete, ms Ofeeorlamades secede (cosets coher Dieoweoncshudasntsece Olean @feMn= 4c OF aes legare @fsinwdu = ~comte Oeste Ofrenndn= log secrftc © (eahudy = log kine ee Gfseertda=leglsecnttardiee Gfeosees de =lgleseex-cobl +e inte @ gisinine = eoshe teat dL ete) Lely eX] 9 cosh @A cosh = sinhu eect S(Set] otf eM] sint @fsinhxdu = cosh © (eshdu= sinh fdas btertay +c late sin) re @( peste oee Hayie © Stogudu = wtogu a 46 © [eo sinbuad = Fesnbc ton] we" ‘Trick fox: nem 4 feet snand] = ebaoet anbee £3 aeMsinou@beosne™ y ae Silos Ibeosutbnt] ® (grote = SS feudoeresinod “SuMIT «RYrer ster) ore peste fort O [Bin edreion (“ened [lim is dways's ty Jury dus ve {EG a A t sa) a ee 3 (-19l0-3) (n-5)- CTBATE 2 deste of 18h SOREIO 1) Bane | Ye 2 WAND 4 Ghent is odd] “tes , OUDn-ay Rg ta fea edu 3 G-3)G-3)-5) cq Be Wp gta wheter (fA Ge ada | MEE * a SCN og Si cased = PDD ANDI) oe (man) (mtn-2) mtn). bnitge Rule otherwise x} the wht “.f when't ic ever] a ©) (Firkodude 3 42642 ¢ coord fF Apolication of otegration SE Pda, 5 eat ee ae DThe length of ate y=4l0 from xza te x=b it t eo 42 deal 7 1 oe “(heya "Lo J al Fats Eotearction Gai The lenth oF mesoglea 0 fends fof f set heya 4 (nai acottry fieoree-f Sts (ess > 3 {1 ay te enh of the grametre eve 324%, 22 ache (rey (G) The lengih of axe x= atest, = asink octena| £18) > Then 40 is edd fr. ae <2sint dv — aeost fx foo =x af = Sinl-=-sinx FLO >= (M [Casi Hast at > La My. iM 40 Fos = Hin | @ The length of the pslar cunve 4 =F"Ye) from © fiwe pas -+fi0 is even 0295 40.9203 i8= ‘o> flo is oft a “| py ae @ [k= sal tenae tes =e ome ane of ave zal 4eas0) ftom 0201v6=R| ". t ©, faa = Foo Volume f surface ine cof solid of, sreuclution?-| seve, x = ("sion Sat Hef v= ve fasten sn-Gnfifae | ine “9 as aa 7 fe 9 Grote — de check;-Fion i defined Sieftim'fn Inthe inkewal Berfeor=ti9 > then Oo is een fnVECTOR CALCULUS Det prodech of a vctos? = altad sash = bit bot bak 3 = iiBisesole[FE = omesitae bs] Biz (atvg C= (eraag Nelei=@ 2FTAE ace oxthogonat Gar TEE ave pavalel (©) Find the angle bin T= 3ty4842, ores Bi cose, [er LE rs* cose 3 cos 3 302} man eB ea unit Yess eng Jo component of B slong @ = (93 Find the comp of Boe F ceog BODE? Behe Bactiad at 2s WE Je Frea cf Anac = 4 | AGXAR = hles8) Je Fes of A= Labsine = LSE) Js Area cfilalgm = 241= (Bl gh gy Je Vector tripple product ee © Seales tripple pteduch > BBE = FG ae) % a 93 bbe by aan, sates (Find the area of A whose vertices are. (3,-4.2) BU-4.-39 4 (4,-3.4) 3 pres of as LARK RY Re ctfuk F218 eaaiatk Faz -at-s® ata tage Resa] i FR Poeees tat \aRe RAL = (eee HEA Ey hes of b= 8 (RE (find the unit vector 4° +0 both the vectors feateah eg Pa of-2 ame 4) A metas tn pucteaP bak a aBagh MisingA 3h La ae Waray se Vector differential © telen) Neblawy) = 2 ria Seok H+ Geaadient :~ Scala + vector Fl49.3) = scale fo jo [v= gest = BER AER, BER aes Pr aivergence’= vegtox scala ret Pe ATA S ARE fo RLS Ma SB RY tehg60) solenaidal oly P= Berg hrgaperecl : age J* Cunks— vector -» vector "a involatrienal canseivat(65 far the sega F40G9.3) = C4ayte ag Ahan gradient at point p(1.2,-47 = oft, af e > via ats Bs BFR > axtscyd raat vl = atend 4% last to Pe stata f— wus find vP 3 0P= BA RAR DS UP= 3M -1ey- Were (@) find the cunt P= yat hug Seay suPa}i + ¢ : eS Rin Beery aus0e =br-0) T+9-F 412-0) Ra utiyhe sk length =18) = BE ra Bx. x fad 2 aE See oar.y an ci eee our: = foot EF bo Oris oP then, Fa KTR, © y9PR=0 than n=-3 [v B=e Je Property =[2 operates together] Ov-Wh= Tt @vilwt =o ‘ivigend) cusllqendf) © vilsxP)=0 _aiv(cut PY Dunit surface normal vector A) = TE Wwf WF 2 28-¥eady than calculate Surftee nova veekor at (3-29 © ingle bina susfuce FOUN) =6 A BOUyarzer is giver cos SEG WwFltv3) (6) Angle bin waytestag 4 Mayha=a ates Jectizcdexivative of £649.) in the diss of & ops af, iat J? |>Dmax= Vf SF = IAW Ig fy) lin dis of oF (go The div” desivative of suvface » fags vygagegt of (L-2,-4) in the aint of af-a9-aB id — Au—2¥%4 HitMultiple integnation= (4 C4ou.ys duty ee 2S epTe 3 tam a sean Osim ene eam > (Le ahe[oana artes Finngation : doesnt mater. © Variable Sinit- (29 9" (hagds de > gael 3 (tas >it: = zhitial limit 3 change of order: 92k > final limit > [29 AEA Qf ay 3 “SUMTT KUMAR’OF Pe ae change of oxdes =] 2 Initial limit 2% Area. enclosed_Wn the Cue | ‘a ara Fo] # Vol™ enclosed 33 by closed seion:-[VeIhp oa] (G) yeaa, aay find the ates endosed bo theca 3] Paw both the curves Gi foi of intersection re pi Ne x4, {iliddrauo elemental staip Gy) use formula Bind thes limit. ae {for oe # (GD Y=R+4 £ nty x3 find aren enclosed bn the cane: sw Y =x atid pt of intention Git) Draw elemental stip Gv SEPM yea] ore Paste 3 $.hy atu i Vector Tntegration:— FARRAR Rawhide? sditady? y age & I Line Kategeal: Pas = frees Ras tag] AE fotos) (the parmetaic fom of line tsning Gyan) tee 94,20) is 45 Watok at eWavgtey, AEH ReQeaptey, Gi) The parametric form of wiy*=a", 3<0 Ms oeexe ysasine }# wioskdone =f Pas (G2 The Wo oF a moving particle in the foe fied Pe sts cu2-ab 94382 along she St Kine pining (0,0,0) t0 (1,1) FP WefPdx= Joon ef ercsydy (oad Fic novof vaviable © use pasamebsic for ack yc [ack te yck ascat| ayzatlageat — akuze, Fo wetted welPdh = (‘sFare('e ae a3 bak 33am, ote value of §FaR, where Pawhiysfeat bois the curve R= LEEPER fom tro to k= is— a Rautay tesa® xs f a Gee ateegeet fleet Jagaatat GPa sffvdyyaty 42a} =f) Paty aan caitat 3 2 tay “gmty ee”Surface Totegral :- let fi be the projection of on xy plane [sre =r ee (a) @ tet fa be the profedtion af som wg plane. [peas = PR ave © ek Ry be the projection of § on 3x plane Bae uh ae Nid “Oa @ Bevated is Giz MisyGask Gi) unit normal vector 4o the surface of eslinder Savio’, g20 4 Bab \R= wisest aimee a Te sivastek. Find FERS, where Sis the susface of al whyt=16 included inthe fist cctant Hn aco te 325 > Spear 6 Noma) vector A) = Mev . what se G FA= CeH9e) . Bora Giddss May AF 23 AG mex Lek the proqected of s on ye plane :- ((e Ras SPR s(uspivis protection in yg. planew=0 ave 2s] ia {eseso4s43 =90 ty }4¢ Thtegra) theorem ; Oren th.i- | § (Past aay) GE BE )ary te ts Goucit normal vector to surface of sphere [® stokes thi |6\ods+gdy) = (yx F)- Ras) NuTBt> Let € be closed boyedary of open sure ® by shkds Th Gigen)-fds =0 i hth. 5 65 wale 69 Ads =e wana Gi sF F ic coservatve by dth> GC (gnR) Rd caus divergence theorem: gt ha Gwe, | a sduty| % Saar 8 Gat ST Ras a(t adds Gf a98 dave Y om SGrdidsds safijardytg — F° 7 aN Note: By stokes th, Staa? ite aan Vale of Tokegeel G,busdy - y*AK) where € is x eR st eo ‘the sq. cut from she fitsh quadygat by the oat fine WA { y>4 wil be % By green th Geass easy = G6 KEN As SG avkE dady Glayay sae s 8 : ohne 2 Shy e wes) ve aiifeo Sevjaay 9 $05 The surface integeal SF-nds oves the sur chet iulsinenmy es ane Pe cuayy THOS $4UraN~ £ nis unit ouhoard surface nouwal yields — > avP ea f aya = = (SPs Gjerde = an pce = 30DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION A Oides and degsee:- oy. mn i GB B=0 Se tactiena Ta deeendent Sto acsio PSE able ie FE ani Sie) aay SY. dope Gates deqees2 + a) independent 0.2. Naiaule Sorder=t deqeee= No }DE are formed by elimination of axbitew cenct, GiyEaP endalve to? titer const wie have to diff that eq ‘p' ne of times. @ mh Bx SN=As2a. 40 yioae 0b From en () £00 a2e voataus yi yay a Rest Y=eieH ged ey=qe Yee" then oe SyLanysleatayac| 384 see Sfeay fina 3[o zee repo sin HF Gin Redusitie 4e variable sepevable:~ Sdep-f ind variable ase Augamented with #9. Ger Bb sings) [iso ge in(uey), swsiablefdep ind] 298 csinsess Hating Seduced, ry =f woy 8 8 Hr) 3 Esk ayeur = keel, 3 Bs dt 4 Me are wa ky = sink a ak 24 asint- at ea dk + tant), & a ae oes 3 ant = uc 2h@=e nape ‘ese age = dha vacate asin” = ee sy (48k (-sint)WieieNiai fact Ken cans. Khan gole— 6) & tomy easy 98 asiyeny = WED rb 3 AM 4 weasinyoosy 8 i ie) S seety 4 ge teny = SeeTun ave hemagennss (oP Some dao Par) may -G8 ay, Sup wan wy) dy <0 Qe > max Ne © Marty a9, sadist BN bynet empress Th ate haves. of sume degree bs Sarna = a multiply TF into 2€ vty _(waane Be geb pe) Se ° ie: at pone — FLg yar CEG V8 ot consider dale of x 2h _ aH. = 00 60 canst ie "ated (wo bd sya) dk taydy <0 " _ poten s xf ze" 3 fette. Mating du + {el andy =o ie dewcntcmides ang) fom-4t- aN am = 7 Sp =Kwene * bss WDesy-sinawds +eo2y-ceshyay 3 af = sec'y tyecytany fr cattegonl Tanntetensi © find DE of given family af cave i) Reg AY By de U0 Rerlace gba “Ai to get DE of orthogonal > Replace ycsde F iisebr form ilsoive the vesultent 2€ to get or: BLOC 96 o giten cave veplace, dd = ae ayA Higher cote * Genesal form of frthoxdes ve), ofS] ley] [AST gagy 28 (23 Ea SI sans =e - Sars Lvacy sre Fhe ved Ho > Hom.06 (iid TE {6040-3 thon-hom 96, 4¥ Homogeneous Lde:~ 4 orden} Gastantaly =o gu [fay =e Procedure (rusitiany Equation (Ag) (idfind outthe test of AE ftom =0 Gora sarc} Gent +amsa,=] Genesal_sel? Dfeat distinct Fost yaqe™s ce eri equal keot(oymn) 9: = (tee Deemer Rest A+B) — y= eM Hecesprrcsingy) (NE Gen eh © a y=qeroe™ ty 22 yroeGaet aw 2a 9 = eMfercos2e He, sina] Y= lenge ys et {ay ces(B)urcsintahl yeaets Meeting] Yaleterd YE cossns asioay) win ssa (i. 20,0 (a Sy st sey yelerentegt}e* » Med=2, vers, a “sp seyzo pub Dem AES msm 4 = see 124 ces GE GIG Page sed 32 2ces sce? Gi) feat 6 ies, &Y 42 say =0 ys 405 Smear yer] > sey @ Wy: DACs tim zo as ised Snitz Smet RETR) esiil ae ‘cathe root of Unity ae aed i 20 (on-t) (stama 0 met,me tbh = @ yy" yay-4y so SAGs mPambegm—d =o matjmesti yor fa Non: homogeneous Linear iff. ea -- [fooly fad Gen. gain:-[y= CF-+P | for oP 3 fLabv=0 ta of findiog eti- [pz = a] f= eM formas pur ats-(0% ontto. af ont le = wees) pat sts lait 2Fanta0 Gut oan a ae lee “ie Gd Was) 109 = ugt (setae AG = mgmt =e o ene er oe on ts pratt | giiase, aon ‘ “e ba ereuie i Liege 19 Uaerere) ma.a.3 Seal disinchWG) S"-4u' gay x ease getsce] prs bt GD 1329) case pur at yea) Wray 3 Lonets Send oor = [eas asim) coow 5 L[rsyens} U~s polynomial Wows dats Gob Harts aes igeny t= beam eas = QI@*-s9t1 Dope qeteqet Sl es =U Su-sytat-£ Uv By 5 [avoestot pe baat > Giang £00] Spr= ge ser= — sereuny nt oven § = FO se™ sink (ory uk (p= tt veel] Wat ofa age sinn, seh (se rOy =ecose Bfoys Mw fers ceMecaett) 5 seas eens a ere | aysiovdie| KE (0 = ens ax x) sina 2k foo bree] Ines A neeasong = ot AL esc fC His eens = a cos ior veo (euytatsany = resine prs detsine Su ck Si 2D. sina 3 PES ig a Na pes Bate safes it gee] _ COMPLEX ANALYSIS facusis] h o> Akgelate value di fom origin [rele] GDfsponential frum: g=[g\el® o> principal atg {with sign} =D Angle From ave din” of K-ais in either lu dix" @o Adu dit which % eves is sevatl Garon: x=usiy (cartesian fox +22 iBlees@ Y=fs\sine {aby esarisngl] ahaa (esterainas fia oer sheratt [oe(ates) where, kee,42 iy Hei (1. gen fom= alas sising] rel aan ‘ops fotms fay i= oe. Gis eM Gi i Wy 42 jer cube vost of unity = (WS tee ayes ele veo, HEE gece 1, ef > [eeyrisineey]> 288i wea, iE 5 dolhe fell. cornper no: in. e404 pala form (oa. Sma > 6 = wnt) Hon Oui Stai(Pve 30 = tri) osteo =E apf = ai It |! Gain ater) 2 mle 20% onc™ se Viay 3 Mt A, (ose sisBiacg al fina 9 (2) 30qz,20,= % tgs, G9 The value % in the eqn GP HE=O TF wwe ‘ne cube woot of unity Surys=-8 aocnt =o cased GENT = CS? easel (APs et " (ut=i] dees} [wl au A Argument Hag (BL) = Gta) aga) Gengtay24) = WQEI+9§ fe Gp of cide in_cample form?= GRI=e]>Ex° of cide having centie a cigind radius @ satiy 3 taishtas® 2 f= fests) ae of aule having centee cat Chik) £-vadius & [ecntay-nt= a : To complex form :- centre ak 35, ue [eS )=8| 3= suis a> brik (eas 20H) 1-11 Sa =I re (@ sini es insideJoutside on the cide c:\3- 3 |ssi-atil = bail 3 fir Comptes function z= fetes Go oe “Sito =,GME = Waive hein GOED =Ny- iy) % tthon only Lis given cheek qaalyticl fo=uriy FU is giten find vatve of v7 ‘Total derivative v3 v=f"b4y) (gor fla = uaiv be analytic fn — veanyy find y Siksayat = uy us-vey-foe ‘Tavlos sesiest~ tf 4g) uy analytic a 8: shan Ts of flgabour sca is fa =flerste-aytteds Bay Fay4—-~ thao than it is called ms = dened Bagh - ooh 1 Orgs Gy -— joa fo oe, eOeCH Go GD @ to 2 ee eloest C4) CD foy = A + Ge” aoe oeAE Laurent sevies:- having both -ve {pve power of ming ff See En Th Boe of Siegularity Removal ing. je powes tern in Lis Gideasenian sing:- fxd = sin() sab ace i@=y aes Iighest te power ef variatle i802 (iy mle af oder flay = Sink pat ase singta Qe flo = Sa pat ase signi esate j oe wb ee ate pews Sacre tas cPiasiave coeff of aS ‘in lauvent sesies. ‘wepresentation of Aa)about 370 Fo) = gD. Han ae one og aw Tf qeo#o £ gla) is andytic af 229 | Residue formula, Residue af gole of over mls=a is a pole of 1 fis amg insite eng cael Guer thea IEE [gfareaze] @ §. ata canst ‘so Ht Resi dve-theose Gflaydas ani(esteutes4---480) Bene @)§ 34 __ cij=3 = (Sette) sees ‘Singularity, ft atic inside} Mie Cee + ov tastueth © : SR ari age 36.) 3 amit A) =aant HAY = ae aes yi AS Es anys ay cet (Gat)PROBABILITY gt Fovevtle outcomes g gy. 8) Total ne. of outcomes oe nls) * PH = Example: A dice i +heown Sample space(s) =[4,43.4,5.6} Brent (ad: Event of div by 2 39= {2,63 y= ent @>:- rent cFabh on ewnro 36.4. 09 Event(aue):- A=} G=fac) ave =fase} ah + Mutsauy Cshaustive evenki- 2.0" move event are ‘muthually echmustive iF There sion gree sample space. Ge O= fe} gue =fLr.3.4.se} c= fas} » a = | fapsinge card is drawn fiom the pack of ga © Phicrgennce} > Abb = GoP[KED Heat > demek 4 aes (Two emg are asqon-fiom a puck of greards woe og] 3 4 wa (9 ebeth king] 5 a Uipelonen & onek] 3 seeder SG, HfConditional_probabikity : Ga fait dice tossed once. What ig the pred. of ‘otaining 6! given that an een no. has cxcsed] 3 fimo cccuned = Bit] P= Rule’. ‘Total cases = PLANE) § pig) — PlaL + FD= Se arta = Pn | Tndapendent Event :— TF ALB ase independent event then. HPI = PD Geeg)= |UOPLANED= P(e): PLES)_