1. A maternity patient arrives in the doctor’s clinic and complains a painful urination.

The physician
suspected a lower urinary tract infection and requests a routine urinalysis and urine culture. What type
of urine specimen should be collected from the patient?
A. Random urine specimen
B. Catheterized urine specimen
C. First morning urine
D. Midstream clean catch
2. Which of the following is the correct chain of infection?
A. Infectious agent > Reservoir > Entry portal > Mode of transmission > Exit portal > Susceptible
host
B. Susceptible host > Infectious agent > Reservoir > Entry portal > Mode of transmission > Exit
portal
C. Infectious agent > Reservoir > Exit portal > Mode of transmission > Entry portal > Susceptible
host
D. Susceptible host > Infectious agent > Reservoir > Exit portal > Mode of transmission > Entry
portal
3. A urine sample was shaken and produced a yellow foam. What possible substance is present in the
sample?
A. Bilirubin
B. Protein
C. Urobilin
D. Urochrome
4. The first morning urine specimen is often tested because______________.
A. It contains the most formed elements
B. It is fresh
C. It is most likely to contain protein
D. It will display the phenomenon “alkaline tide”
5. The glomerular filtration rate is controlled by________.
A. Renal blood flow
B. Renal plasma flow
C. Countercurrent mechanism
D. Aldosterone
6. Ultrafiltration of plasma occurs in the glomerulus located in what part of the kidney?
A. Cortex
B. Medulla
C. Pelvis
D. Pyramid
7. Kidney function tests used to measure glomerular filtration rate can effectively employ all of the
following substances except_________.
A. Creatinine
B. Inulin
C. Urea
D. None of the above
8. To preserve the integrity of the reagent strips, it is necessary that they are_______________.
A. Humidified adequately
B. Stored in a refrigerator
C. Properly dessicated
D. Protected from dark
9. What is the color of the garbage bag for wet, non-infectious waste?
A. Yellow
B. Yellow with black band
C. Green
D. Black
10. A constant urine specific gravity of 1.010 is defined as_________.
A. Hyposthenuria
B. Hypersthenuria
C. Isosthenuria
D. Normosthenuria
11. What is the eleventh pad in the reagent strip?
A. Ascorbic acid
B. Leukocyte esterase
C. Nitrite
D. Nitrate
12. Gold standard for clearance test.
A. Inulin
 B. Creatinine
C. Cystatin C
D. Urea
13. Centrifuge has to undergo calibration every ___________.
A. Week
B. Month
C. 3 months
D. 6 months
14. Clean catch urine is submitted to the laboratory for routine urinalysis and bacterial culture. The routine
urinalysis is done first. Three hours later, the specimen is sent to the microbiology department for
bacterial culture. The specimen should:
A. Be centrifuged, and the supernatant should be cultured
B. Be rejected
C. Not be cultured if no bacteria are seen in the routine urinalysis
D. Be processed for culture only if the nitrate is positive
15. The birefringent property of a urine crystal can be observed using what type of microscopic technique?
A. Fluorescent Microscopy
B. Polarized Microscopy
C. Brightfield Microscopy
D. Compensated Light Microscopy
16. A urine with an elevated specific gravity will affect all of the following EXCEPT.
A. Glucose
B. Leukocytes
C. Nitrate
D. Protein
17. Which of the following will stain hemosiderin granules in cells and in casts?
A. Prussian Blue
B. Toluidine Blue
C. Acetic Acid
D. Sternheimer-Malbin Stain
18. What is the preferred preservative for Addis Count?
A. Toluene
B. Boric acid
C. Formalin
D. Cystatin C
19. These are small, refractile sediments which sometimes have buds.
A. Bacteria
B. Yeast
C. Both
D. Neither
20. An ADH deficiency is associated with a
A. Urine specific gravity of 1.031
B. Low urine specific gravity
C. High urine specific gravity
D. Variable urine specific gravity
21. A woman in her ninth month of pregnancy has a urine sugar which is negative with the urine reagent
strip but gives a positive reaction with the copper reduction method. The sugar most likely responsible
for this discrepancy is
A. Maltose
B. Galactose
C. Glucose
D. Lactose
22. Which of the following contaminants has a dimpled center and will polarize light?
A. Diaper fibers
B. Air bubbles
C. Starch
D. Pollen
23. A reagent strip area impregnated with stabilized diazotized 2,4-dichloroaniline will yield a positive
reaction with
A. Bilirubin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Ketones
D. Urobilinogen
24. It is a sensitive indicator of diabetic nephropathy
A. Presence of calcium carbonate crystals
B. Glitter cells
 C. Microalbuminuria
D. Orthostatic proteinuria
25. In melanuria, the tumor involving the melanocytes will secrete which of the following substances?
A. 5,6-dihydroxyindole
B. 1,4-glycosidicsynthase
C. 5,6-dioxyindole
D. 1,4-glycoindole
26. What inborn error of metabolism is detected or diagnosed using the p-nitroaniline test?
A. Isovaleric acidemia
B. Propionic academia
C. Methylmalonic academia
D. All of the above
27. What is the bacterium used in the Guthrie Bacterial Inhibition Test?
A. Bacillus cereus
B. Bacillus subtilis
C. Staphylococcus aureus
D. Streptococcus pyogenes
28. The presence of leukocytes in the urine is known as
A. Chyluria
B. Hematuria
C. Pyuria
D. Leukocytosis
29. What is the major inorganic solute found in urine?
A. Urea
B. Chloride
C. Potassium
D. Ammonium
30. This process involves the passage of substances from the blood in the particular capillaries to the
tubular filtrate which aims to eliminated waste substances not filtered by the glomerulus and regulate
the acid base balance of the body.
A. Glomerular filtration
B. Tubular reabsorption
C. Tubular secretion
D. Renal blood flow