Question 1

(a)

In[ ]:= P[x_] := x6 - 21 x5 + 175 x4 - 735 x3 + 1624 x2 - 1764 x + 720

solutions = Solve[P[x]  0, x]
Out[ ]= {{x  1}, {x  2}, {x  3}, {x  4}, {x  5}, {x  6}}

In[ ]:= list = x /. solutions

Out[ ]= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

The sum of the roots of P(x) is,

In[ ]:= Sum[list〚k〛, {k, 1, 6}]
Out[ ]= 21

The product of the roots of P(x) is,

In[ ]:= Product[list〚k〛, {k, 1, 6}]
Out[ ]= 720

Thus, the results are verified.

Sum of the squares of the roots is,

In[ ]:= Sumlist2 〚k〛, {k, 1, 6}

Out[ ]= 91

Sum of the reciprocal of the squares of the roots is,

1
In[ ]:= Sum 〚k〛, {k, 1, 6}
list2
5369
Out[ ]=
3600

(b)

In[ ]:= f[x_] := x3 - 6 x2 + 11 x - 6

solutions1 = Solve[f[x]  0, x]
Out[ ]= {{x  1}, {x  2}, {x  3}}

In[ ]:= list1 = x /. solutions1

Out[ ]= {1, 2, 3}

The sum of the roots of f(x) is,

2 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

In[ ]:= Sum[list1〚k〛, {k, 1, 3}]

Out[ ]= 6

The product of the roots of f(x) is,

In[ ]:= Product[list1〚k〛, {k, 1, 3}]
Out[ ]= 6

(c)

In[ ]:= f[x_] := x5 - 3 x4 - 24 x3 + 95 x2 - 46 x - 101

rootsoffunction = NSolve[f[x]  0, x, Reals];
list = x /. rootsoffunction;
Print["Upper limit of roots ", Max[list]]
Print["Lower limit of roots ", Min[list]]
Upper limit of roots 4.32951

Lower limit of roots -5.23566

(d)

In[ ]:= Plot5 Cos[x] - 4 + x3 , {x, - 1, 2}

2

Out[ ]= -1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

-1

-2

It appears that there are three solutions near -0.6, 0.8 & 1.6. So, the roots of the equation are,

In[ ]:= FindRoot5 Cos[x] - 4 + x3 , {x, - 0.6}

FindRoot5 Cos[x] - 4 + x3 , {x, 0.8}
FindRoot5 Cos[x] - 4 + x3 , {x, 1.6}
Out[ ]= {x  - 0.576574}

Out[ ]= {x  0.797323}

Out[ ]= {x  1.61805}
 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 3

(e)
1
In[ ]:= SolveSin[x]  , x
2
π 5π
Out[ ]= x  + 2 π 1 if 1 ∈  , x  + 2 π 1 if 1 ∈  
6 6

1
In[ ]:= SolveSin[x]  , x
2

π 3π
Out[ ]= x  + 2 π 1 if 1 ∈  , x  + 2 π 1 if 1 ∈  
4 4

Question 2
(a)
The partial fraction expansion is,
(x - 1)4
In[ ]:= Apart 
x2 + 1 (x + 1)2 (x - 4)
81 8 32 2 (- 1 + 4 x)
Out[ ]= - + -
425 (- 4 + x) 5 (1 + x)2 25 (1 + x) 17 1 + x2 

(x - 1)4
In[ ]:= ExpandNumeratorExpandDenominator 
x2 + 1 (x + 1)2 (x - 4)

1 - 4 x + 6 x 2 - 4 x 3 + x4
Out[ ]=
- 4 - 7 x - 6 x 2 - 6 x 3 - 2 x 4 + x5

(b)
Coefficients of a,

In[ ]:= CoefficientList(a + b)5 , a 

Out[ ]= b5 , 5 b4 , 10 b3 , 10 b2 , 5 b, 1

Coefficients of b,

In[ ]:= CoefficientList(a + b)5 , b 

Out[ ]= a5 , 5 a4 , 10 a3 , 10 a2 , 5 a, 1
4 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

In[ ]:= Coefficient(x + y + z)6 , x y2 z3 

Out[ ]= 60

(c)

In[ ]:= p = 2 x4 - 15 x3 + 39 x2 - 40 x + 12;

q = 4 x4 - 24 x3 + 45 x2 - 29 x + 6;

In[ ]:= a = PolynomialGCD[p, q]

Out[ ]= - 6 + 17 x - 11 x2 + 2 x3

In[ ]:= b = PolynomialLCM[p, q]

Out[ ]= (- 2 + x) 6 - 29 x + 45 x2 - 24 x3 + 4 x4 

Now,
In[ ]:= Expand[a * b]  Expand[p * q]
Out[ ]= True

Thus, ab = pq

(d)
In[ ]:= trigtable = TableTrigReduceSin[x]n , TrigReduceCos[x]n , {n, 3, 8};
TableFormtrigtable, TableAlignments  Left,
TableHeadings  None, " sinn (x)", " cosn (x)"
Out[ ]//TableForm=

sinn (x) cosn (x)

1 1
(3 Sin[x] - Sin[3 x]) (3 Cos[x] + Cos[3 x])
4 4
1 1
(3 - 4 Cos[2 x] + Cos[4 x]) (3 + 4 Cos[2 x] + Cos[4 x])
8 8
1 1
(10 Sin[x] - 5 Sin[3 x] + Sin[5 x]) (10 Cos[x] + 5 Cos[3 x] + Cos[5 x])
16 16
1 1
(10 - 15 Cos[2 x] + 6 Cos[4 x] - Cos[6 x]) (10 + 15 Cos[2 x] + 6 Cos[4 x] + Cos[6
32 32
1 1
(35 Sin[x] - 21 Sin[3 x] + 7 Sin[5 x] - Sin[7 x]) (35 Cos[x] + 21 Cos[3 x] + 7 Cos[5 x]
64 64
1 1
(35 - 56 Cos[2 x] + 28 Cos[4 x] - 8 Cos[6 x] + Cos[8 x]) (35 + 56 Cos[2 x] + 28 Cos[4 x] + 8 Cos
128 128

Question 3
(a)

In[ ]:= f[x1_, x2_, y1_, y2_] := (x1 - x2)2 + (y1 - y2)2

Distance between the points (-1, 3) and (4, 2) is,

 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 5

In[ ]:= f[- 1, 4, 3, 2]

Out[ ]= 26

(b)
(y1 - y2)
In[ ]:= p[x1_, x2_, y1_, y2_] := y1 + (x - x1)
x1 - x2
In[ ]:= line = y  Expand[p[- 1, 4, 3, 2]]
14 x
Out[ ]= y -
5 5

Thus, equation of the line is x+5y-14 = 0. Let the equation of straight line perpendicular to this line
In[ ]:= l[x_, y_] := 5 x - y + k  0

If this line passes through  32 , 5

2
) then the value of k is,

3 5
In[ ]:= l , 
2 2
Out[ ]= 5+k  0

The value of k is -5. Thus the line perpendicular to x+5y-14 = 0 is 5x-y-5 = 0

14 - x
In[ ]:= Plot , 5 x - 5, {x, - 5, 10}, AspectRatio  Automatic, PlotRange  {- 5, 10}
5
10

Out[ ]=
2

-4 -2 2 4 6 8 10

-2

-4

Which confirms that the lines are indeed perpendicular.

6 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

Question 4
(a)
Let equation of the circle

In[ ]:= p[x_, y_] := x2 + y2 + 2 g x + 2 f y + c  0

If the circle passes through (1, 4), (2, 7), (4, 11) we get three equations to solve for g, f and c.
In[ ]:= p[1, 4]
p[2, 7]
p[4, 11]
Out[ ]= 17 + c + 8 f + 2 g  0

Out[ ]= 53 + c + 14 f + 4 g  0

Out[ ]= 137 + c + 22 f + 8 g  0

Solving the three equations for g, f ,c;

In[ ]:= Solve[{17 + c + 8 f + 2 g  0, 53 + c + 14 f + 4 g  0, 137 + c + 22 f + 8 g  0}, {g, f, c}]
Out[ ]= {{g  - 27, f  3, c  13}}

Thus, the equation of the circle is;

In[ ]:= p[x, y] /. {g  - 27, f  3, c  13} // TraditionalForm
Out[ ]//TraditionalForm=

x2 - 54 x + y2 + 6 y + 13  0

The centre of the circle is (27,-3)

& we know;
In[ ]:= g = - 27; f = 3; c = 13;

In[ ]:= radiusofcircle = g 2 + f2 - c

Out[ ]= 5 29

So the radius is 5 29
Equation of tangent of the given circle is,
In[ ]:= x1 = 1; y1 = 4;
q[x_, y_] = x x1 + y y1 + g (x + x1) + f (y + y1) + c  0 // Simplify
Out[ ]= 2 + 26 x  7 y

Thus, equation of the tangent to the circle at point (1, 4) is

26x-7y+2=0
 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 7

In[ ]:= g1 = ContourPlotx 2 - 54 x + y2 + 6 y + 13  0, {x, - 10, 60},

{y, - 35, 30}, AspectRatio  Automatic, Frame  False, Axes  True;
26 x + 2
g2 = Plot , {x, - 10, 10};
7
Show[g1, g2]
30

20

10

Out[ ]= -10 10 20 30 40 50 60

-10

-20

-30

(b)
The given circles are
x2 + y2 = 4
x2 + y2 - 2 x - 4 y + 4 = 0
Let, The equation of the circle going through the intersection point of the two above circles;

In[ ]:= p[x_, y_] = x2 + y2 - 4 + k x2 + y2 - 2 x - 4 y + 4  0 // Factor

Out[ ]= - 4 + 4 k - 2 k x + x 2 + k x2 - 4 k y + y 2 + k y2  0

Which transforms into

2k 4k 4k-4
In[ ]:= intersectingcircle = x2 + y2 - x- y+ 0
k+1 k+1 k+1
-4 + 4 k 2kx 4ky
Out[ ]= - + x2 - + y2  0
1+k 1+k 1+k

k 2 2k 2
Center of the circle is  k+k1 , 2k
k +1
) and radius is -
k +1
 + -
k +1
 -
4 k -4
k +1


If the circle touches the line x+2y=0, then the distance between the line and the center of the circle will
be equal to the radius of the circle. Hence,
8 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

k 2k
1 +2 k 2
2k 2
4k-4
k+1 k+1
In[ ]:= valueofk =  - + - - ;
1 2 + 22 k+1 k+1 k+1

Solve[valueofk, k]
Out[ ]= {{k  1}}

Putting the value of k the equation becomes,

In[ ]:= intersectingcircle /. k  1 // TraditionalForm
Out[ ]//TraditionalForm=

x2 - x + y2 - 2 y  0

This is the equation of the circle passing through the intersection points of the two given circles.

In[ ]:= g3 = ContourPlotx2 - x + y2 - 2 y  0, {x, - 1, 2},

{y, - 1, 2.5}, AspectRatio  Automatic, Axes  True, Frame  False;
-x
g4 = Plot , {x, - 5, 5};
2
Show[g3, g4]
2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0
Out[ ]=

0.5

-1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

-0.5

-1.0

Question 5
The general equation of 2nd degree is
ax2 + 2 hxy + by2 +2gx+2fy+c = 0
The given equation is
x 2 - 5 xy + 4 y 2 + x + 2 y - 2 = 0
Comparing the two equations we get
 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 9

In[ ]:= a = 1;
-5
h= ;
2
b = 4;
1
g= ;
2
f = 1;
c = - 2;
a h g
If the equation represents a pair of straight lines then, Det h b f =0
g f c

ahg
In[ ]:= Det h b f 
gfc
Out[ ]= 0

Thus, the equation represents a pair of straight lines.(Showed)

To find the point of intersection of the two lines, let,

In[ ]:= f[x1_, y1_] := x12 - 5 x1 y1 + 4 y12 + x1 + 2 y1 - 2  0

Differentiating with respect to x1 and y1 we get,

In[ ]:= D[f[x1, y1], x1]
D[f[x1, y1], y1]
Out[ ]= 1 + 2 x1 - 5 y1  0

Out[ ]= 2 - 5 x1 + 8 y1  0

Solving for x1 and y1;

In[ ]:= Solve[{1 + 2 x1 - 5 y1  0, 2 - 5 x1 + 8 y1  0}, {x1, y1}]
Out[ ]= {{x1  2, y1  1}}

Thus, the intersection point of the two lines is (2, 1)

Angle between the two straight lines is,

2 h2 - a b
In[ ]:= anglebetweenlines = ArcTan 
a+b
3
Out[ ]= ArcTan 
5

In[ ]:= p[x_, y_] := x2 - 5 x y + 4 y2 + x + 2 y - 2

Solve[p[x, y]  0, x]
Out[ ]= {{x  1 + y}, {x  2 (- 1 + 2 y)}}

Thus, the equation of the two straight lines are x-y-1 = 0 & x-4y+2 = 0
10 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

on the y-axis, x = 0; y = -1 & 12 . Thus, the vertices of the triangle are (2, 1), (0, -1), 0, 1
2
).

2 1 1
1
In[ ]:= trianglearea = Abs Det 0 - 1 1 
2 0
1
1
2

3
Out[ ]=
2

So, area of the triangle is 32 sq. Units

We have to transform the given equation into one where the terms with x, y and xy is absent. We got the
intersection point of the two lines which is (2,1).
So, Transferring the origin to the point (2, 1). Then putting x = x1+2 and y = y1+1 in
x 2 - 5 xy + 4 y 2 + x + 2 y - 2 = 0 we get;

In[ ]:= x2 - 5 x y + 4 y2 + x + 2 y - 2  0 /. {x  x1 + 2, y  y1 + 1} // Simplify

Out[ ]= x12 + 4 y12  5 x1 y1

Equation transforms to x 2 - 5 xy + 4 y 2 = 0 [Drop the suffixes]

Let the axes be rotated bu an angle θ. Then we know,
1 2h
In[ ]:= θ= ArcTan 
2 a-b
1 5
Out[ ]= ArcTan 
2 3

Then, putting x=x1cosθ-y1sinθ and y=x1sinθ+y1cosθ we get;

In[ ]:= x2 - 5 x y + 4 y2  0 /. {x  x1 Cos[θ] - y1 Sin[θ], y  x1 Sin[θ] + y1 Cos[θ]} // Simplify

Out[ ]= - 5 + 34  x12  5 + 34  y12

Thus, The equation reduces to  34 - 5 x 2 -  34 + 5 y 2 =0 in which there is no term involving x,y and
xy.
Sketching the equation we get;
 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 11

In[ ]:= ContourPlotx2 - 5 x y + 4 y2 + x + 2 y - 2  0, {x, - 5, 11},

{y, - 5, 5}, Frame  False, Axes  True, AspectRatio  Automatic

Out[ ]=
-5 5 10

-2

-4

Question 6
General equation of second degree is ax^2 + 2 hxy + by2 +2gx+2fy+c=0
Δ = abc + 2 fgh - af2 - bg2 - ch2
General equation of second degree will represent
(i) two straight line if Δ=0;
(ii)a circle if a=b and h=0;
(iii) a parabola if ab = h2 and Δ≠0;
(iv)an ellipse if ab - h2 <0 and Δ≠0;
(v)a hyperbola if ab - h2 >0 and Δ≠0;
Given the Equation,

In[1]:= f[x_, y_] := 4 x2 + 12 x y + 9 y2 + 3 x + y + 2  0

Comparing the given equation and general equation of second drgree we get,

In[ ]:= a = 4; b = 9; h = 6; g = 3 / 2; f = 1 / 2; c = 2;

In[ ]:= Δ = a b c + 2 f g h - a f 2 - b g2 - c h2
49
Out[ ]= -
4

So, Δ ≠ 0

In[ ]:= a b - h2
Out[ ]= 0

i . e . ab = h2
12 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

So, we can say the given equation represents a parabola .

Reduction to standard form of the given parabola:

In[11]:= Reduce4 x2 + 12 x y + 9 y2 + 3 x + y + 2  0, {x, y}

1 1
Out[11]= y - 1 - - 71 - 84 x - 12 x || y  - 1 + - 71 - 84 x - 12 x
18 18

Question 7
(a)
Equation of the plane through the given points;
x y z 1
2 3 1 1
In[ ]:= Det   0 // Simplify
1 1 3 1
2 2 3 1
Out[ ]= 3+2x  2y+z

Thus, equation of the required plane is 2x-2y-z+3 = 0

Perpendicular distance from the point (5, 6, 7) to the plane 2x-2y-z+3 = 0 is,
2*5-2*6-1*7+3
In[ ]:= perpdistance = Abs 
22 + (- 2)2 + (- 1)2
Out[ ]= 2

Now plotting the plane we get,

In[ ]:= Plot3D[2 x - 2 y + 3, {x, - 30, 10}, {y, 0, 10}, AxesLabel  {"x", "y", "z"},
PlotRange  {- 100, 30}, PlotLabel  "Equation of plane 2x-2y-z+3 = 0"]

Out[ ]=

(b)
Given,
Equation of the planes are
 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 13

6x-8y+10z = 0
3x-4y+5z-7 = 0
Let,
In[ ]:= a1 = 6 ; b1 = - 8 ; c1 = 10;
a2 = 3 ; b2 = - 4; c2 = 5;

Now, the angle between the planes is,

a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2
In[ ]:= planeangle = ArcCos 
a12 + b12 + c12 a22 + b22 + c22
Out[ ]= 0

As the angle between the planes is 0, the planes are parallel to each other.
Given,
Equation of the planes are,
6x-8y+10z = 0 which transform into
3x-4y+5z= 0
3x-4y+5z-7 = 0

The perpendicular distance between the two planes is,

let,
In[ ]:= A = 3; B = - 4; c = 5; D1 = 0; D2 = - 7;

D1 - D2
In[ ]:= planedistance = Abs 
A 2 + B2 + c2
7
Out[ ]=
5 2

(c)
Given,
Equation of the planes are
3x-4y+5z = 0
2x-y-2z = 0
Let,
In[ ]:= a1 = 3; b1 = - 4; c1 = 5;
a2 = 2 ; b2 = - 1; c2 = - 2;

Angle between the planes are,

14 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2
In[ ]:= planeangle1 = ArcCos 
a12 + b12 + c12 a22 + b22 + c22
π
Out[ ]=
2

Thus, the planes are perpendicular to each other.

In[ ]:= Plot3D[{3 x - 4 y, 2 x - y}, {x, - 5, 5}, {y, - 5, 5}, AspectRatio  Automatic,
AxesLabel  {"x", "y", "z"}, PlotRange  {- 40, 40}, PlotLabel  "Two Intersecting Planes"]

Out[ ]=

(d)
In[ ]:= Given the equation
line1 = x + 2 y + 3 z - 3 = 0---- - (1)
line2 = 2 x + y - z + 5 = 0------ (2)
line3 = 5 x + 3 y + 6 z + 5 = 0---- - (3)
find the intersection point of (1) and (2)
In[ ]:= p = Solve[x + 2 y + 3 z - 3  2 x + y - z + 5, {x, z}]

Solve: Equations may not give solutions for all "solve" variables.

x 8-y
Out[ ]= z  + 
4 4

x 8-y
In[ ]:= line1 /. z  +
4 4
Out[ ]= - 1 + 0 -- --
 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 15

Question 8
The given lines are
x -3 y -8 z -3
3
=
-1
=
1
-----------1
x +3 y +7 z -6
-3
=
2
=
4
-----------2
dr’s of line 1 (3, -1, 1)
dr’s of line 2 (-3, 2, 4)
let the dr’s of S.D is (a, b, c)
let,
In[ ]:= a1 = 3 ; b1 = - 1 ; c1 = 1;
a2 = - 3 ; b2 = 2; c2 = 4;

Which are the dr’s of line 1 and line 2

The Shortest Distance(S.D) is perpendicular to both lines. Thus;
We obtain,
In[ ]:= a a1 + b b1 + c c1  0
a a2 + b b2 + c c2  0
Out[ ]= 3a-b+c  0

Out[ ]= -3 a + 2 b + 4 c  0

Solving the two equations,

a b c
In[ ]:=   k
b1 c2 - b2 c1 a2 c1 - a1 c2 a1 b2 - a2 b1
a b c
Out[ ]= - -  k
6 15 3

We get, the dr’s of S.D (a, b, c) = (-6,15,3)

In[ ]:= a = - 6; b = - 15; c = 3;

Let the dc’s of S.D (l, m, n)

16 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

a
In[ ]:= l=
a 2 + b2 + c2
b
m=
a 2 + b2 + c2
c
n=
a 2 + b2 + c2

2
Out[ ]= -
15

5
Out[ ]= -
6
1
Out[ ]=
30

Thus, dc’s of S.D (l, m, n) = (- 2

15
,-
5
6
,
1
)
30

A point on line 1 is (x1 ,y1, z1) ≡ (3, 8, 3)

A point on line 2 is (x2 ,y2, z2) ≡ (-3, -7, 6)
In[ ]:= x1 = 3; y1 = 8; z1 = 3;
x2 = - 3; y2 = - 7; z2 = 6;

The Shortest distance between line 1 and line 2 is

In[ ]:= shortestdistance = Abs[l (x1 - x2) + m (y1 - y2) + n (z1 - z2)]

3 6 15
Out[ ]= +2 +5
10 5 2

Equation of the Shortest Distance is,

x - x1 y - y1 z - z1 x - x2 y - y2 z - z2
In[ ]:= Det 3 -1 1   0  Det -3 2 4  // TraditionalForm
-6 - 15 3 -6 - 15 3
Out[ ]//TraditionalForm=

12 x - 15 y - 51 z + 237  0  66 x - 15 y + 57 z - 249

We know,
Equation of the Plane containing line 1 and Shortest Distance is,
12 x-15 y-51 z+237  0
Equation of the Plane containing line 2 and Shortest Distance is,
66 x-15 y+57 z-249 = 0
Let, z=0; the two equation becomes;
12 x - 15 y + 237  0
66 x - 15 y - 249  0
 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 17

Solving the two equations we get,

In[12]:= Solve[{12 x - 15 y + 237  0, 66 x - 15 y - 249  0}, {x, y}]
Out[12]= {{x  9, y  23}}

So, a point on S.D is S(9,23,0).

Thus, the equation of S.D is ;
x-9 y - 23 z
= =
-6 - 15 3
Now, let,
x-9 y - 23 z
= = =r
-6 - 15 3
x = -6 r + 9
y = - 15 r + 23
z = 3r

If (x, y, z) lies on line 1. then,

x-3
In[29]:= /. x  - 6 r + 9
3
y-8
/. y  - 15 r + 23
-1
1
Out[29]= (6 - 6 r)
3
Out[30]= - 15 + 15 r

1
In[31]:= Solve (6 - 6 r)  - 15 + 15 r, r
3
Out[31]= {{r  1}}

Thus, S.D meets line 1 in (3, 8, 3)

Again,
If (x, y, z) lies on line 1. then,
x+3
In[32]:= /. x  - 6 r + 9
-3
y+7
/. y  - 15 r + 23
2
1
Out[32]= (- 12 + 6 r)
3
1
Out[33]= (30 - 15 r)
2
18 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

1 1
In[34]:= Solve (- 12 + 6 r)  (30 - 15 r), r
3 2
Out[34]= {{r  2}}

Thus, S.D meets line 2 in (-3, -7, 6)

Conclusion: S.D meets line 1 in (3, 8, 3) and S.D meets line 2 in (-3, -7, 6)

Question 9
(a)
Let the equation of the sphere,

In[ ]:= sphere = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2 u x + 2 v y + 2 w z + d  0;

If the sphere goes through the given points, then the equation of the sphere become,
In[ ]:= equations = sphere /.
{{x  4, y  - 1, z  2}, {x  0, y  - 2, z  3}, {x  1, y  - 5, z  - 1}, {x  2, y  0, z  1}}
Out[ ]= {21 + d + 8 u - 2 v + 4 w  0, 13 + d - 4 v + 6 w  0, 27 + d + 2 u - 10 v - 2 w  0, 5 + d + 4 u + 2 w  0}

In[ ]:= Solve[{21 + d + 8 u - 2 v + 4 w  0,

13 + d - 4 v + 6 w  0, 27 + d + 2 u - 10 v - 2 w  0, 5 + d + 4 u + 2 w  0}]
Out[ ]= {{d  5, u  - 2, v  3, w  - 1}}

Equation of the sphere is,

In[ ]:= sphere /. {d  5, u  - 2, v  3, w  - 1} // TraditionalForm
Out[ ]//TraditionalForm=

x2 - 4 x + y2 + 6 y + z 2 - 2 z + 5  0

Graph of the sphere,

 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb 19

In[ ]:= RegionPlot3Dx2 - 4 x + y2 + 6 y + z2 - 2 z + 5, {x, - 3, 7}, {y, - 9, 3}, {z, - 5, 6}

Out[ ]=

(b)
Let the equation of the sphere having its centre on (d,e,f) and radius r,

In[ ]:= c[x_, y_, z_] := (x - d)2 + (y - e)2 + (z - f)2  r2

If the sphere passes through (4, 1, 0), (2, -3, 4) & (1, 0, 0) and if the sphere touches the plane 2x+3y-z = 11
then the equation becomes
In[ ]:= c[4, 1, 0]
c[2, - 3, 4]
c[1, 0, 0]
(2 d + 3 e - f - 11)
r
22 + 32 + (- 1)2

Out[ ]= (4 - d)2 + (1 - e)2 + f2  r2

Out[ ]= (2 - d)2 + (- 3 - e)2 + (4 - f)2  r2

Out[ ]= (1 - d)2 + e2 + f2  r2

- 11 + 2 d + 3 e - f
Out[ ]= r
14

In[ ]:= Solve(4 - d)2 + (1 - e)2 + f2  (2 - d)2 + (- 3 - e)2 + (4 - f)2 

3 d
Out[ ]= f  + + e
2 2

In[ ]:= Solve(2 - d)2 + (- 3 - e)2 + (4 - f)2  (1 - d)2 + e2 + f2 

7 d 3e
Out[ ]= f  - + 
2 4 4
20 Mathematica Assignment No. 3 B200302063.nb

In[ ]:= Solve(4 - d)2 + (1 - e)2 + f2  (1 - d)2 + e2 + f2 

Out[ ]= {{e  8 - 3 d}}

3 d
In[ ]:= f + + e /. {e  8 - 3 d}
2 2
7 d 3e
f - + /. {e  8 - 3 d}
2 4 4
19 5 d
Out[ ]= f -
2 2
7 3 d
Out[ ]= f + (8 - 3 d) -
2 4 4

19 5d 7 3 d
In[ ]:= Solve -  + (8 - 3 d) - , d
2 2 2 4 4
Out[ ]= {{}}

Conclusion: There exists no solution for the center of the sphere.