MATHEMATICS & STATISTICS

SOLUTION : PRACTICE PAPER – 1

SECTION – A

Q. 1. (i) (d) ∼ p ∨ (q ∧ ∼ r)
7π 11π
(ii) (b) ,
6 6
π
(iii) (b)
3

(iv) (b) (0, 0), ( , 0), (3, 1), (0, 4)

7
2
2 − 4x2
(v) (a)
√ 1 − x2
(vi) (a) log x − f (x) + c

(vii) (d) 2, 3
2
(viii) (c)
3

Q. 2. (i) Comparing the equation 3x2 + 5xy + py2 = 0 with ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0, we get
5
a = 3, 2h = 5, i.e. h = and b = p
2
Since lines are perpendicular, a + b = 0
∴ 3+p=0 ∴ p = −3.

u
(ii) Unit vector in the direction of u =
∣u∣

8i + 3 j − k 8i + 3 j − k
= 2 2 2
=
√8 + 3 + (−1) √ 64 + 9 + 1

8i + 3 j − k
=
√ 74

8i + 3 j −k
∴ unit vector in the opposite direction of u = − .
√ 74

(iii) s s
1 ex
dx = dx
1 + e−x ex + 1

... [∵ s
f  (x)
= log ∣ ex + 1 ∣ + c dx = log ∣ f (x) ∣ + c]
f (x)

(iv) y2 = 4ax ... (1)

Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
dy
2y = 4a
dx
Substituting the value of 4a in (1), we get

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 1

 dy
y2 = 2y x
dx
dy
∴ y = 2x
dx
This is the required D.E.

SECTION – B
Q. 3. i
p q ∼q p  ∼q p→q (p  ∼ q) ↔ (p → q)

T T F F T F

T F T T F F

F T F F T F

F F T F T F

Let A = [ ]
2 −3
Q. 4.
3 5
Here, a11 = 2, M11 = 5
∴ A11 = (−1)1 + 1(5) = 5
a12 = −3, M12 = 3
∴ A12 = (−1)1 + 2(3) = −3
a21 = 3, M21 = −3
∴ A21 = (−1)2 + 1(−3) = 3
a22 = 5, M22 = 2
∴ A22 = (−1)2 + 2 = 2

∴ the cofactor matrix = [ ]

A11 A12
A21 A22

=[ ]
5 −3
3 2
∴ adj A = [ ].
5 3
−3 2

Q. 5. tan3θ = 3 tan θ
∴ tan3θ − 3 tan θ = 0
∴ tan θ (tan2θ − 3) = 0
∴ either tan θ = 0 or tan2θ − 3 = 0
∴ either tan θ = 0 or tan2θ = 3
∴ either tan θ = 0 or tan2θ = (e3 )2

... [ tan = e3]

2
π π
∴ either tan θ = 0 or tan2θ = tan
3 3
π
∴ either tan θ = 0 or tan2θ = tan2
3
The general solution of tan θ = 0 is θ = nπ, n ∈ Z and tan2θ = tan2α is θ = nπ ± α, n ∈ Z.
∴ the required general solution is given by
π
θ = nπ, n ∈ Z or θ = nπ ± , n ∈ Z.
3

2 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

Q. 6. Comparing the equation 3x2 + kxy − y2 = 0 with ax2 + 2hxy+by2 = 0, we get

a = 3, 2h = k, b = −1.

Let m1 and m2 be the slopes of the lines represented by 3x2 + kxy − y2 = 0.

2h k
∴ m1 + m2 = − =− =k
b −1
a 3
and m1m2 = = = −3
b −1
∴ ( m1 − m2 )2 = ( m1 + m2 )2 − 4m1m2

= k2 − 4 (−3)

= k2 + 12 ... (1)

But | m1 − m2 | = 4

∴ ( m1 − m2 )2 = 16 ... (2)

∴ from (1) and (2), we get

k2 + 12 = 16

∴ k2 = 4 ∴ k = ± 2.

Q. 7. Let a = j + 2k, b = i + j.

i j k
Then a × b = | 0 1 2 |
1 1 0
= (0 − 2) i − (0 − 2) j + (0 − 1) k

= −2i + 2j − k

∴ |a×b|=√(−2)2 + 22 + (−1)2 = √4 + 4 + 1 = e9 = 3

Unit vectors perpendicular to both a and b

a×b −2i + 2j − k

=± =±
∣a × b∣ 3
2 2 1
=± i − j + k .
3 3 3

Q. 8. First we draw the lines AB, CD and EF whose equations are 3x + 4y = 12, 4x + 7y = 28
and y = 1 respectively.

Points on the Points on the

Line Equation Sign Region
X-axis Y-axis
non-origin side
AB 3x + 4y = 12 A (4, 0) B (0, 3) ≥
of the line AB
origin side of the
CD 4x + 7y = 28 C (7, 0) D (0, 4) ≤
line CD
non-origin side
EF y=1 − F (0, 1) ≥
of the line EF

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 3

 Y
Scale : On both X-axis and
Y-axis : 1 cm = 1 unit
5

D
4

3
B
4x
2 + 7y
=2
8 E
F y=1
1 P Q
A C
X' O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X
3x
+
4y
=
12
Y'

The feasible solution is PQDBP which is shaded in the graph.

Q. 9. f (x) = x (2 − x) = 2x − x2
d
∴ f  (x) = (2x − x2) = 2 − 2x
dx
∴ f  (c) = 2 − 2c

Also, f (0) = 0(2 − 0) = 0

f (1) = 1(2 − 1) = 1

Since LMVT holds for the function f (x) = x (2 − x), x ∈ [0, 1], we get
f (1) − f (0)
f  (c) =
1−0
1−0
∴ 2 − 2c = =1
1
1
∴ 2c = 1 ∴ c= .
2
π π
2 2

Q. 10. s √1 − cos 4x dx = s √2 sin2 2x dx

0 0
π
2

=√2 s sin 2x dx
0
π

2[ ]
− cos 2x 2
=√
2 0

√2
= [− cos π + cos 0]
2
√2
= [− (−1) + 1] = √2.
2

4 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

Q. 11. Y

D
y=4 C

X' y=1 A B X
O

Y'

By symmetry of the parabola, the required area is 2 times the area of the region ABCD.
y
From the equation of the parabola, x2 =
4
In the first quadrant, x > 0
1
∴ x= √y
2 4
1
∴ requires area = 2 ∫ x dy, where x = √y
1 2

y dy = [ ]
4
1 y3/2 4
=2∫ √
1 2 3/2 1
2
= [43/2 − 13/2]
3
2 2 14
= [(22)3/2 − 1] = [8 − 1] = sq units.
3 3 3

Q. 12. y = A cos (log x) + B sin (log x) ... (1)

Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
dy d d
= − A sin (log x) · (log x) + B cos (log x) · (log x)
dx dx dx
− A sin (log x) B cos (log x)
= +
x x
dy
∴ x = − A sin (log x) + B cos (log x)
dx
Differentiating again w.r.t. x, we get

d2y dy − A cos (log x) B sin (log x)

x 2
+ ×1= −
dx dx x x
2
d y dy
∴ x2 2 + x = − [A cos (log x) + B sin (log x)]
dx dx
= −y ... [By (1)]

d2y dy
∴ x2 2
+x +y=0
dx dx
This is the required D.E.

Q. 13. Since f (x) is the p.d.f. of r.v. X,

1

s f (x) dx = 1
0

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 5

 1

∴ s k x2 (1 − x) dx = 1
0
1

∴ k s (x2 − x3) dx = 1
0

∴ k[ − ] =1
x3 x4 1
3 4 0

∴ k[
1 1
− − 0] = 1
3 4
1
∴k =1 ∴ k = 12.
12
π
Q. 14. The curve y = sin x intersects the X-axis at x = between x = 0 and x = π.
2
Y

A1 A2
X' X
O π π
2

Y'

Two bounded regions A1 and A2 are obtained. Both the regions have equal areas.
∴ required area = A1 + A2 = 2A1
π/2

= 2 s y dx, where y = sin x

0

π/2

= 2 s sin x dx
0
π/2
= 2 [− cos x]0

= 2 [− cos
π
+ cos 0]
2
= 2 (− 0 + 1)
= 2 sq units.

SECTION – C

... [ cot−1x = tan−1 ]

3 2 1
Q. 15. 2 cot−1 = 2 tan−1
2 3 x

2
2×
... [ 2 tan−1x = tan−1 ]
3 2x
= tan−1  
2 2
1 − x2
1−
3

6 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 4
= tan−1  3 
4
1−
9
4 9 12
= tan−1 × = tan−1 ... (1)
3 5 5
13
Let sec−1 =α
12
13 π
Then sec α = , where 0 < α <
12 2
∴ tan α > 0
Now, tan α= √sec2α − 1

=i
169 25 5
− 1 =i =
144 144 12

... [ tan−1x = cot−1( )]

5 12 1
∴ α = tan−1 = cot−1
12 5 x
13 12
∴ sec−1 = cot−1 ... (2)
12 5
3 13
Now, LHS = 2 cot−1 + sec−1
2 12
12 12
= tan−1 + cot−1 ... [By (1) and (2)]
5 5
... [ tan−1x + cot−1x = ]
π π
=
2 2
= RHS.

Q. 16. Y Y
C (b cos A, b sin A) C (b cos A, b sin A)

b a a
b
A
A
X' A c B X X' A c B X
(0, 0) Y' (c, 0) (0, 0) Y' (c, 0)

Let us take the angle A of Δ ABC in standard position, i.e. A as origin, X-axis along the
line AB and the Y-axis perpendicular to the line AB.
In the two figures, ∠ A is shown as acute in one and obtuse in the other.
 l(AB) = c ∴ B ≡ ( c, 0 )
Let C ≡ ( x, y ). Since l ( AC )=b, we have
x y
cos A = and sin A =
b b
∴ x = b cos A and y = b sin A
∴ C ≡ ( b cos A, b sin A ).
∴ by the distance formula
a2 = BC2 = ( c − b cos A )2 + (0 − b sin A )2
= c2 − 2bc cos A + b2 cos2A + b2 sin2A

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 7

 = b2( cos2A + sin2A ) + c2−2bc cos A
∴ a2 = b2 + c2 − 2bc cos A.

Q. 17. Consider a homogeneous equation of the second degree in x and y,

ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 ... (1)
2
Case I : If b = 0, then the equation (1) reduces to ax + 2hxy = 0
i.e. x (ax + 2hy) = 0
This represents the two lines x = 0 and ax + 2hy = 0, both pass through the origin.
Case II : If b ≠ 0, then the equation (1), on dividing it by b, becomes
a 2 2hxy
x + + y2 = 0
b b
2h a
∴ y2 + xy = − x2
b b
On completing the square and adjusting, we get
2h h2x2 h2x2 a
y2 + xy + 2 = 2 − x2
b b b b

∴ (y + x) = ( )x
h 2 h2 − ab 2
b b2
h √h2 − ab
∴ y+ x=± x
b b
−h √h2 − ab
∴ y= x± x
b b

∴ y=( )x
−h±√h2 − ab
b
∴ the equation represents the two lines

y=( ) x and y = ( )x
−h+√h2 − ab −h−√h2 − ab
b b
Since none of these equations contains a constant term, both these lines pass through
the origin.
Thus, the homogeneous equation (1) represents a pair of lines through the origin,
if h2 − ab ≥ 0.

Q. 18. The position vectors p, q and r of the points P (0, −1, −2), P
Q (3, 1, 4) and R (5, 7, 1) are

p = −j−2k, q = 3i+j+4k, r = 5i+7j+k

∴ PQ = q−p = (3i+j+4k)−(−j−2k) = 3i+2j+6k

and PR = r−p = (5i+7j+k)−(−j−2k) = 5i+8j+3k Q R

∴ PQ · PR = (3i+2j+6k) · (5i+8j+3k)

= (3)(5)+(2)(8)+(6)(3)

= 15+16+18 = 49

|PQ| = √32 + 22 + 62 = √9 + 4 + 36 = √49 = 7

8 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 |PR| = √52 + 82 + 32 = √25 + 64 + 9 = √98 = 7√2

Using the formula for angle between two vectors,

PQ · PR 49 1
cos P = = = = cos 45°
∣PQ∣ ∣PR∣ 7 × 7√2 √ 2

∴ P = 45°.

Q. 19. Let b = i + j + k and c = 2i − j + k.

The vector perpendicular to the vectors b and c is given by

i j k
b×c=| 1 1 1 |
2 −1 1
= i (1 + 1) − j (1 − 2) + k ( − 1 − 2)

= 2i + j − 3k
Since the line is perpendicular to the vector b and c, it is parallel to b × c .
The vector equation of the line passing through A (a) and parallel to b × c is
r = a + λ ( b × c ), where λ is a scalar.
Here, a = i + 2j + 3k
Hence, the vector equation of the required line is
r = ( i + 2j + 3k ) + λ (2i + j − 3k).

Q. 20. The lines r = a1 + λ b1 and r = a2 + μ b2 are coplanar, if a1 · (b1 × b2) = a2 · (b1 × b2).

Here, a1 = i + j − k, a2 = 4i − 3 j + 2k, b1 = 2i − 2 j + k, b2 = i − 2 j + 2k

i j k
∴ b1 × b2 =  2 −2 1 
1 −2 2
= (−4 + 2)i − (4 − 1) j + ( − 4 + 2)k
= −2i − 3 j − 2k

∴ a1 · (b1 × b2) = ( i + j − k ) · ( −2i − 3 j − 2k )

= 1(−2) + 1(−3) + (−1)(−2)
= −2 − 3 + 2 = −3

and a2 · (b1 × b2) = ( 4i − 3 j + 2k ) · ( −2i − 3 j − 2k )

= 4(−2) + (−3) (−3) + 2(−2)
= −8 + 9 − 4 = −3

∴ a1 · (b1 × b2) = a2 · (b1 × b2)

Hence, the given lines are coplanar.

The plane determined by these lines is given by

r · (b1 × b2) = a1 · (b1 × b2)

i.e. r · ( −2i − 3 j − 2k ) = − 3

i.e. r · ( 2i + 3 j + 2k ) = 3

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 9

 Hence, the given lines are coplanar and the equation of the plane determined by these
lines is r · ( 2i + 3 j + 2k ) = 3.

Q. 21. y = log [e · ]
(3x − 4)3
3x
3
√ 2x + 5
2

= log e + log [ ]
3x (3x − 4)3
3
√ 2x + 5
2 1
= 3x log e + log (3x − 4)3 − log (2x + 5)3
2 1
= 3x + log (3x − 4) − log (2x + 5) ... [∵ log e = 1]
3 3
Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
dy d 2 d 1 d
= 3 (x) + [log (3x − 4)] − [log (2x + 5)]
dx dx 3 dx 3 dx
2 1 d 1 1 d
=3×1+ × · (3x − 4) − × · (2x + 5)
3 3x − 4 dx 3 2x + 5 dx
2 1
=3+ × (3 × 1 − 0) − × (2 × 1 + 0)
3 (3x − 4) 3 (2x + 5)
dy 2 2
∴ =3+ − .
dx 3x − 4 3 (2x + 5)

Q. 22. f (x) = 2x3 − 3x2 − 12x + 6

d
∴ f ′(x) = (2x3 − 3x2 − 12x + 6)
dx
= 2 × 3x2 − 3 × 2x − 12 × 1 + 0

= 6x2 − 6x − 12 = 6(x2 − x − 2)

f is strictly decreasing, if f ′(x)< 0

i.e. if 6(x2 − x − 2)< 0

i.e. if x2 − x − 2< 0

i.e. if x2 − x < 2
1 1
i.e. if x2 − x + < 2 +
4 4

i.e. if ( x − ) <
2
1 9
2 4

3 1 3
i.e. if − < x − <
2 2 2

3 1 1 1 3 1
i.e. if − + < x − + < +
2 2 2 2 2 2

i.e. if − 1 < x < 2

∴ f is strictly decreasing if − 1< x < 2.

10 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

Q. 23. Let I = ∫ x sin−1 x dx = ∫ (sin−1 x) · x dx

= (sin−1 x) ∫ x dx − s [{
d
(sin−1 x) ∫ x dx}] dx
dx

= (sin−1 x) ( ) − s ( ) ( ) dx
x2 1 x2
2 √1 − x2 2

+ s
x2 sin−1 x 1 −x2
= dx
2 2 √1 − x2

+ s
x2 sin−1 x 1 (1 − x2) − 1
= dx
2 2 √ 1 − x2

+ s [√ ] dx
x2 sin−1 x 1 1
= 1 − x2 −
2 2 √1 − x2

+ s√1 − x2 dx − s
x2 sin−1 x 1 1 1
= dx
2 2 2 √1 − x2

+ [ √1 − x2 + sin−1 x ] − sin−1 x + c
x2 sin−1 x 1 x 1 1
=
2 2 2 2 2
x2 sin−1 x 1 1
= + x√1 − x2 − sin−1 x + c.
2 4 4
dy
Q. 24. (ey + 1) cos x + ey sin x =0
dx
cos x ey
∴ dx + y dy = 0
sin x e +1
Integrating both sides, we get

s dx + s y
cos x ey
dy = c1 ... (1)
sin x e +1

(e + 1) = ey and s
d d y f ′( x )
Now, (sin x) = cos x, dx = log | f ( x ) |+c
dx dx f(x)
∴ from (1), the general solution is
log | sin x | + log | ey + 1 | = log c, where c1 = log c
∴ log | sin x (ey + 1) | = log c
∴ sin x · (ey + 1) = c
π
When x = , y = 0, we get
6

(sin ) (e0 + 1)=c

π 1
∴ c = (1 + 1) = 1
6 2
∴ the particular solution is sin x · (ey + 1) = 1.

Q. 25. Two numbers are chosen from the first 6 positive integers.
6×5
∴ n (S) = 6C2 = = 15
1×2
Let X denote the larger of the two numbers.
Then X can take values 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
When X = 2, the other positive number which is less than 2 is 1.

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 11

 ∴ n (X) = 1
n (X) 1
∴ P (X = 2) = P (2) = =
n (S) 15
When X = 3, the other positive number less than 3 can be 1 or 2 and hence can be
chosen in 2 ways.
∴ n (X) = 2
n (X) 2
∴ P (X = 3) = P (3) = =
n (S) 15
3
Similarly, P (X = 4) = P (4) =
15
4
P (X = 5) = P (5) =
15
5
P (X = 6) = P (6) =
15
∴ E (X)=Σxi . P(xi)
1 2 3 4 5
=2× +3× +4× +5× +6×
15 15 15 15 15
2 + 6 + 12 + 20 + 30 70 14
= = = .
15 15 3

Q. 26. Let X = number of successes, i.e. number of odd numbers.

p = probability of getting an odd number in a single throw of a die
3 1 1 1
∴ p = = and q = 1 − p = 1 − =
6 2 2 2
Given : n = 6

∴ X ∼ B (6, )
1
2
The p.m.f. of X is given by P (X = x) = nCx px qn−x

i.e. p (x) = 6Cx ( ) ( ) = 6Cx ( ) , x = 0, 1, 2, ..., 6

1 x 1 6−x 1 6
2 2 2
P (at most 5 successes) = P [ X ≤ 5 ]
=1−P[X>5]

= 1 − p(6) = 1 − 6C6 ( )
1 6
2
1 63
=1−1× =
64 64
63
Hence, the probability of at most 5 successes is .
64

SECTION – D

Q. 27. Let p : the switch S1 is closed

q : the switch S2 is closed
∼p : the switch S1′ is closed or the switch S1 is open
∼q : the switch S2′ is closed or the switch S2 is open.

12 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 Then the given circuit in symbolic form is :
(p ∼q)  (∼p  q)  (∼p ∼q)
Using the laws of logic, we have
(p ∼q)  (∼p  q)  (∼p ∼q)
≡ (p ∼q)  [ (∼p  q)  (∼p ∼q)] ... (By Associative Law)
≡ (p ∼q)  [∼p  (q ∼q) ] ... (By Distributive Law)
≡ (p ∼q)  (∼p  T) ... (By Complement Law)
≡ (p ∼q) ∼p ... (By Identity Law)
≡ (p ∼p)  (∼q ∼p) ... (By Distributive Law)
≡ T  (∼q ∼p) ... (By Complement Law)
≡∼q ∼p ... (By Identity Law)
≡∼p ∼q ... (By Commutative Law)
Hence, the simplified circuit for the given circuit is :

S1'

S2'

2 −1 1
Q. 28. | A | =  −1 2 −1 
1 −1 2
= 2 (4 − 1) + 1 (−2 + 1) + 1 (1 − 2)
=6−1−1=4≠0
∴ A−1 exists.
We have to find the cofactor matrix
= [Aij]3 × 3, where Aij = (−1)i + j Mij

Now, A11 = (−1)1 + 1 M11 = | |=4−1=3

2 −1
−1 2

A12 = (−1)1 + 2 M12 = − | | = − (−2 + 1) = 1

−1 −1
1 2

A13 = (−1)1 + 3 M13 = | | = 1 − 2 = −1

−1 2
1 −1

A21 = (−1)2 + 1 M21 = − | | = − (−2 + 1) = 1

−1 1
−1 2

A22 = (−1)2 + 2 M22 = | |=4−1=3

2 1
1 2

A23 = (−1)2 + 3 M23 = − | | = − (−2 + 1) = 1

2 −1
1 −1

A31 = (−1)3 + 1 M31 = | | = 1 − 2 = −1

−1 1
2 −1

A32 = (−1)3 + 2 M32 = − | | = − (−2 + 1) = 1

2 1
−1 −1

A33 = (−1)3 + 3 M33 = | |=4−1=3

2 −1
−1 2

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 13

 A11 A12 A13 3 1 −1
A A A
∴ the cofactor matrix =  21 22 23  =  1 3 1
A31 A32 A33 −1 1 3

3 1 −1
∴ adj A =  1 3 1
−1 1 3

1
∴ A−1 = (adj A)
∣A∣
3 1 −1
1
∴ A−1 =  1 3 1 .
4 −1 1 3

Q. 29. Let OP represent the vector r and OA, OB, OC represent the three non-coplanar vectors
a, b and c respectively.
C
N

P
r

B
O M
L
A Q

Through P draw planes parallel to the planes BOC, COA and AOB intersecting the lines
OA, OB and OC in L, M and N respectively.
Now, OL and a are collinear vectors. Hence, there exists a non-zero scalar x such that
OL = xa.
Similarly, OM and b are collinear and ON and c are collinear.
Hence, there exist non-zero scalars y and z such that OM = yb and ON = zc.
Now, OP = OL + LP
∴ r = OL + LQ + QP
= OL + OM + ON = xa+yb+zc
Thus, r is expressed as a linear combination of a, b, c, i.e. xa + yb + zc.
Uniqueness :
Let, if possible, r = x′a + y′b + z′c, where x′, y′, z′ are scalars. Then
xa + yb + zc = x′a + y′b + z′c
∴ (x − x′) a+(y − y′) b = (z′ − z) c ... (1)
We note that uniqueness of the linear combination for r will be established if we show
that x = x′, y = y′ and z = z′.
Suppose on the contrary that z ≠ z′, i.e. z′ − z ≠ 0.
Then dividing both sides of (1) by z′ − z (≠ 0), we get
x − x′ y − y′
c= a+ b
z′ − z z′ − z
This shows that c is expressed as a linear combination of a and b.
∴ a, b and c are coplanar. This is a contradiction, since a, b and c are given to be
non-coplanar.
∴ z = z′

14 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 Similarly, we can show that x = x′ and y = y′.
This proves the uniqueness of the linear combination xa + yb + zc.

Q. 30. The shortest distance between the lines

x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 x − x2 y − y2 z − z2
= = and = = is given by
l1 m1 n1 l2 m2 n2
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1
 l1 m1 n1 
 l2 m2 n2 
d=
√(m1n2 − m2n1)2+(l2n1 − l1n2)2+(l1m2 − l2m1)2
The equations of the given lines are
x+1 y+1 z+1 x−3 y−5 z−7
= = and = =
7 −6 1 1 −2 1
∴ x1 = − 1, y1 = − 1, z1 = − 1, x2 = 3, y2 = 5, z2 = 7,
l1 = 7, m1 = − 6, n1 = 1, l2 = 1, m2 = − 2, n2 = 1

x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1 4 6 8
 l1 m1 n1  =  7 − 6 1 
l2 m2 n2 1 −2 1
= 4 ( − 6 + 2) − 6 (7 − 1) + 8 ( − 14 + 6)
= − 16 − 36 − 64 = − 116
and (m1n2 − m2n1)2 + (l2n1 − l1n2)2 + (l1m2 − l2m1)2
= ( − 6 + 2)2 + (1 − 7)2 + ( − 14 + 6)2
= 16 + 36 + 64 = 116
Hence, the required shortest distance between the given lines

=| |=√
− 116
116 = 2√ 29 units.
√ 116

Q. 31. Let y = (log x)x − (cos x)cot x

Put u = (log x)x and v = (cos x)cot x
Then y = u − v
dy du dv
∴ = − ... (1)
dx dx dx
Take u = (log x)x
∴ log u = log (log x)x = x · log (log x)
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
1 du d
· = [x · log (log x)]
u dx dx
d d
=x [ log (log x)] + log (log x) · (x)
dx dx
1 d
=x× · (log x) + log (log x) × 1
log x dx
1 1
=x× × + log (log x)
log x x

=u [ + log (log x)] = (log x)x [

du 1 1
∴ + log (log x)] ... (2)
dx log x log x

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 15

 Also, v = (cosx)cot x
∴ log v = log (cos x)cot x = (cot x) · (log cos x)
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
1 dv d
· = [(cot x) · log (cos x) ]
v dx dx
d d
= (cot x) · (log cos x) + (log cos x) · (cot x)
dx dx
1 d
= cot x × · (cos x) + (log cos x)( − cosec2x)
cos x dx
1
= cot x × × ( − sin x) − ( cosec2x)(log cos x)
cos x

=v [
dv 1
∴ × ( − tan x) − ( cosec2x)(log cos x)]
dx tan x
= − (cos x)cot x [1 + ( cosec2x)(log cos x)]
From (1), (2) and (3), we get

= (log x)x [
dy 1
+ log (log x)] + (cos x)cot x [1 + ( cosec2x)(log cos x)].
dx log x

Q. 32. Let x cm be the side of square base and h cm be its height.

Then x2 + 4xh = 192
192 − x2
∴ h= ... (1)
4x
Let V be the volume of the box.

Then V = x2h = x2 ( )
192 − x2
... [By (1)]
4x
1
∴ V= (192x − x3)
4
dV 1 d 1 3
∴ = (192x − x3) = (192 × 1 − 3x2) = (64 − x2)
dx 4 dx 4 4
d2V 3 d 3 3
and 2
= (64 − x2) = (0 − 2x) = − x
dx 4 dx 4 2
dV
For maximum V , =0
dx
3
∴ (64 − x2) = 0
4
∴ x2 = 64 ∴ x=8 ... [ ∵ x > 0]

and ( )
2
d V 3
2 at x = 8
= − × 8 = − 12 < 0
dx 2
∴ by the second derivative test, V is maximum at x = 8.
192 − 64 128
If x = 8, h = = =4
4(8) 32
Hence, the volume of the box is largest, when the side of square base is 8 cm and its
height is 4 cm.

16 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

Q. 33. Let I = s
3x − 2
dx
(x + 1)2 (x + 3)
3x − 2 A B C
Let 2
= + 2
+
(x + 1) (x + 3) x + 1 (x + 1) x + 3
∴ 3x − 2 = A (x + 1) (x + 3) + B (x + 3) + C (x + 1)2 ... (1)
Put x + 1 = 0, i.e. x = − 1 in (1), we get
− 3 − 2 = A (0) (2) + B (2) + C (0)
5
∴ − 5 = 2B ∴ B=−
2
Put x + 3 = 0, i.e. x = − 3 in (1), we get
− 9 − 2 = A (− 2) (0) + B (0) + C (− 2)2
11
∴ − 11 = 4C ∴ C=−
4
Put x = 0 in (1), we get
− 2 = A (1) (3) + B (3) + C (1)
∴ − 2 = 3A + 3B + C
15 11
∴ − 2 = 3A − −
2 4
15 11 − 8 + 30 + 11 33 11
∴ 3A = − 2 + + = = ∴ A=
2 4 4 4 4

(
) (− ) (− )
11 5 11
3x − 2 4 2 4
∴ 2
= + 2
+
(x + 1) (x + 3) x + 1 (x + 1) x+3

∴ I=s [ ] dx
(11/4) (− 5/2) (− 11/4)
+ +
x + 1 (x + 1)2 x+3

s s
11 1 5 11 1
= dx − ∫ (x + 1)−2 dx − dx
4 x+1 2 4 x+3
11 5 (x + 1)− 1 1 11
= log | x + 1 | − · · − log | x + 3 | + c
4 2 −1 1 4

log | |+
11 x+1 5
= + c.
4 x + 3 2(x + 1)

Q. 34. We shall use the following results :

b a
∫ f (x) dx = − ∫ f (x) dx ... (1)
a b

b b
∫ f (x) dx = ∫ f (t) dt ... (2)
a a

If c is between a and b, then

b c b
∫ f (x) dx = ∫ f (x) dx + ∫ f (x) dx ... (3)
a a c

Since 0 lies between − a and a, by (3), we have

a 0 a
∫ f (x) dx = ∫ f (x) dx + ∫ f (x) = I1 + I2 ... (Say)
−a −a 0

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 17

 In I1 , put x = − t. Then dx = − dt
When x = − a , − t = − a ∴ t = a
When x = 0, − t = 0 ∴ t=0
0 0 0
∴ ∫ f (x) dx = ∫ f (− t)(− dt) = − ∫ f (− t) dt
−a a a

a
= ∫ f (− t) dt ... [ By (1) ]
0
a
= ∫ f (− x) dx ... [ By (2) ]
0
a a a
∴ ∫ f (x) dx = ∫ f (− x) dx + ∫ f (x ) dx
−a 0 0

(i) If f is an even function, then

f (− x) = f (x) ∴ in this case,
a a a a
∫ f (x) dx = ∫ f (x) dx + ∫ f (x) dx = 2 ∫ f (x) dx
−a 0 0 0

(ii) If f is an odd function, then

f (−x) = − f (x) ∴ in this case,
a a a
∫ f (x) dx = ∫ − f (x) dx + ∫ f (x) dx
−a 0 0
a a
= − ∫ f (x) dx + ∫ f (x) dx = 0.
0 0

————

18 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII