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Engl 2112 - Reading & Writing Skills

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19 views5 pages

Engl 2112 - Reading & Writing Skills

hjghgsdfsdfdgf

Uploaded by

xxthotslayerxx222
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ENGL 2112: READING & WRITING SKILLS

WRITING

• Writing is the process of using symbols (letters of the alphabet,


punctuation and spaces) to communicate thoughts and ideas in a readable
form.

• Writing is the process of using symbols (letters of the alphabet,


punctuation and spaces) to communicate thoughts and ideas in a readable
form.

• It also refers to the work career of an author.

WORD/S=building blocks of language

Words are the basic units of the language . A single word (in written or spoken form)
possesses a specific meaning.
Example:
Go!
Sit.
Run.
DESCRIBING WRITTEN TEXT AS CONNECTED DISCOURSE

There is a significant difference between the way of pronouncing words in isolation (one
word) and in pronouncing them in the context of connected speech.
Example:
Isolation: Journalism (production and distribution of reports on current events based on
facts and supported with proof or evidence

Context:
Subject /course (MASSCOM)
Person (reporter, journalists)
Occupation (writers, news anchor, radio broadcaster)

WRITTEN TEXT S AND SPOKEN LANGUAGE SHARES THE SAME NATURE…

In spoken language: We don’t speak random words to express an idea, but we


connect appropriate and relevant terms to form a message.

In written language: We create text from our point of linguistic structure (grammar) to
form appropriate and relevant units by ordering and linking terms into greater blocks to
be able to put ideas across.

Idea: You are going to buy fruits in the market.


Filipino (incorrect): Bibili ako prutas palengke.
Filipino (correct): Ako ay bibili ng prutas sa palengke. Bibili ako ng prutas sa
palengke.
English (incorrect): I buy fruits market.
English (correct): I will buy fruits in the market. I will go to the market to buy fruits.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF WRITTEN TEXT


Non-fiction:
• Reports
• Editorials
• Essays, articles
• References (dictionaries, encyclopedia)

Fiction:
• Novels
• Short stories
• Jokes
• Dramas
• Poetry

TYPES OF WRITTEN TEXT


Letters:
● Personal
● Business
● Greeting cards
● Diaries, journals
● Announcements
● Newspaper (journalism)

Academic Writing:
• Short answer test
• Reports
• Essays, papers
• Theses, books

● Forms, applications (biodata, resume)


● Questionnaires
● Directions
● Labels
● Signs
● Recipes
● Bills (other financial statement)
● Maps
● Manuals (appliances, gadgets)
● Menus
● Schedules (transportation information)
● Advertisement
• Commercial
• Personal (”want ads”)
• Invitations
• Directions (e.g. telephone, yellow pages)
• Comic Strips, Cartoons
WRITING PROCESS
“Writing without form is like a human body without skeleton. While writing without
content is like a skeleton with no flesh.”

-I can excellently my idea when I speak, but I find it difficult to explain when I write.

-I am confident to express my ideas though writing, because I have more time to think
than when in speaking.

-Speaking and Writing are similar . Both are skills that can be enhanced /improved.

Content: what we want to say/write (idea/concept)


Form: how we say/write it (styles-use of punctuation marks, margin, formats)

In writing a story in your literary class:


Content: I can think of superb ideas but I can’t find catchy words to express it.

Form: I have wider vocabulary but I can’t think of an entertaining concept.

Fictional and non-fictional writing: suggests different forms of writing.


Fictional: literary, uses figures of speech, rhythm and flowery words.
Non-fictional writing and academic writing are more formal, follows proper margin,
correct usage of punctuation marks, font size and style formats, direct and appropriate
terms.

In writing academic essays, I can write my own introduction before I browse references
for more supporting details.
In academic essays, I read references to gather information and form my ideas before I
write my draft.

Six (6) Steps in Writing (Dagdag, 2010)


● Pre-Writing Stage
● Organizing
● Writing (the first draft)
● Revising
● Editing
● Writing (the final draft)

Pre-Writing Stage
✔ Pertains to different writing strategies that help you discover an idea before
you start writing your first draft (Tiongson, 2016)

✔ It opens your mind to familiarize an unknown concept, to help you identify


the desired output of your paper

✔ Helps you narrow the topic you want to write about in your paper
✔ Some of the suggested activities I pre-writing stage: brainstorming,
clustering or word mapping, free-writing
✔ Brainstorm and clustering are almost similar. Both can use listing, mind
mapping, semantic mapping and word mapping.
✔ Both can also be used to select an interesting topic and to group relevant ideas
to explain a topic and the subtopics.

✔ Free-writing is the most unrestricted method of pre-writing stage. The writer aims
to generate more relevant ideas to a single topic.
✔ In writing news (journalism), news writers commonly write as fast as they can, to
record the important happenings in an event.
Organizing

This stage is vital in incorporating coherence in the transition of your writing.


✔ After exhausting all possible ideas related to a topic, you may now focus in
arranging these ideas and thoughts into a sensible order.
✔ Graphic organizers can be utilized in organizing your ideas.
Writing (the first draft)

With a form in place and the content that would go with it, this is the stage where these
ideas would be expressed in complete sentences and paragraphs

Revising
✔ This stage is where you polish the order of your ideas and filter the
information needed to get your point across. This is where you start to look
any mechanical errors and correct them.
Editing
✔ The stage where you go over your written work and check it for basic errors
such as spelling, punctuation and grammar.

Writing the final draft


✔ After your work has gone through revisions, you would now have to write
your final draft, which you are ultimately content with.

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