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Respiration in Organism

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44 views4 pages

Respiration in Organism

Uploaded by

Deepshikha Prasad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ncert Question And Answers Class 7 Chapter-10 Respiration In Organisms

Q1. Why does an athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual after finishing the race?
Answer:
During the run, the demand of energy is high but the supply of oxygen to produce energy is
limited. Therefore, anaerobic respiration takes place in the muscle cells to fulfill the demand
of energy. After finishing the race, an athlete breathes faster and deeper than usual so that
more oxygen is supplied to the cells.

Q2. List the similarities and differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Answer:
Similarity:
(i) In both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, food is broken down to release energy.
(ii) Both takes place inside cells.
(iii) Both produces byproducts.
Differences:

Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration

(i) It takes place in the presence of (i) It takes place in the absence of
oxygen. oxygen.

(ii) Energy is released in higher amounts. (ii) Energy is released in lesser amounts.

(iii) Carbon dioxide and water are (iii) Carbon dioxide and water are
produced as byproducts. produced as byproducts.

(iv) It is a slow process. (iv) It is a fast process.

Q3. Why do we often sneeze when we inhale a lot of dust-laden air?


Answer:
We often sneeze when we inhale a lot of dust-laden air to expel out these foreign particles.
These particles get past the hair in the nasal cavity and irritate the lining of the cavity which
results in sneezing.

Q4. Take three test-tubes. Fill each of them with water. Label them A, B and C. Keep a
snail in test-tube A, a water plant in test-tube B and in C, keep snail and plant both.
Which test-tube would have the highest concentration of CO2 ?
Answer:
Test-tube A will have the highest concentration of CO2 because snail will take in oxygen and
gives out CO2.
In test-tubes B and C, the CO2 will be utilized by the water plant for synthesizing food and
hence there will be less concentration of CO2 in these.
Extra questions:
Q1. Why do we respire?
Answer: All organisms are made of small microscopic units called cells. A cell is the
smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. Each cell of an organism performs
certain functions such as nutrition, transport, excretion and reproduction. To perform these
functions, the cell needs energy. Even when we are eating, sleeping or reading we require
energy. The food has stored energy, which is released during respiration. Therefore, we
respire to get energy from food.

Q2. How do we breathe?


Answer: Normally we take in air through our nostrils. When we inhale air, it passes through
our nostrils into the nasal cavity. From the nasal cavity, the air reaches our lungs through the
windpipe. Lungs are present in the chest cavity. This cavity is surrounded by ribs on the
sides. A large, muscular sheet called a diaphragm forms the floor of the chest cavity.
Breathing involves the movement of the diaphragm and the rib cage. During inhalation, ribs
move up and outwards and the diaphragm moves down. This movement increases space in
our chest cavity and air rushes into the lungs. The lungs get filled with air. During
exhalation, ribs move down and inwards, while the diaphragm moves up to its former
position. This reduces the size of the chest cavity and air is pushed out of the lungs.

Q3. Explain the mechanism of breathing with the help of an activity.


Answer: Take a wide plastic bottle. Remove the bottom. Get a Y-shaped glass or plastic
tube. Make a hole in the lid so that the tube may pass through it. To the forked end of the
tube fix two deflated balloons. Introduce the tube into the bottle. Now cap the bottle. Seal it
to make it airtight. To the open base of the bottle tie a thin rubber or plastic sheet using a
large rubber band. To understand the expansion of the lungs, pull the rubber sheet from the
base downwards. The volume of the cavity increases. This causes the pressure to decrease.
Air rushes in to equalize the pressure, causing the balloons to inflate. Next, push the
rubber/plastic sheet up. The volume of the cavity decreases. This causes an increase in
pressure within the bottle, the air rushes out of the balloons causing them to deflate.
Q4. How do the plants breathe in oxygen?
Answer: In plants, each part can independently take in oxygen from the air and give out
carbon dioxide. Roots take in air present in the soil. Leaves have tiny pores called stomata
through which they exchange gases. The breakdown of glucose in plant cells is similar to
that in other living beings.

Q5. What parts of the human body are involved in respiration?


Answer: We take in air through our nostrils. When we inhale air, it passes through our
nostrils into the nasal cavity. From the nasal cavity, the air reaches our lungs through the
windpipe. Lungs are present in the chest cavity. This cavity is surrounded by ribs on the
sides. A large, muscular sheet called a diaphragm forms the floor of the chest cavity.
Breathing involves the movement of the diaphragm and the rib cage.

Q6. How do the cockroaches breathe?


Answer: A cockroach has small openings on the sides of its body. These openings are called
spiracles. They have a network of air tubes called tracheae for gas exchange. Oxygen rich air
rushes through spiracles into the tracheal tubes, diffuses into the body tissue, and reaches
every cell of the body. Similarly, carbon dioxide from the cells goes into the tracheal tubes
and moves out through spiracles.
Q7. What is the percentage of oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled and exhaled air?
Answer: When we exhale, we breathe out less oxygen but more carbon dioxide than we
inhale.
Inhaled air: Oxygen 21% and Carbon dioxide 0.04%
Exhaled air: Oxygen 16.4 % and Carbon dioxide 4.4%

Q8. When and where does anaerobic respiration occur in humans?


Answer: During heavy exercise, fast running, cycling, walking for many hours or heavy
weight lifting, the demand for energy is high. But the supply of oxygen to produce the
energy is limited. Then anaerobic respiration takes places in the muscle cells to fulfill the
demand of energy.

Q9. Do the plants also respire?


Answer: Like other living organisms, plants also respire for their survival. They also take in
oxygen from the air and give out carbon dioxide. In the cells oxygen is used to break down
glucose into carbon dioxide and water as in other organisms.

Q10. How does respiration work in yeast?


Answer: Yeasts are single-celled organisms. They get energy through anaerobic respiration.
In the absence of oxygen, glucose breaks down into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Q11. What is the function of gills in fish?


Answer: Gills in fish help them to use oxygen dissolved in water. Gills are projections of the
skin and are well supplied with blood vessels for exchange of gases.

Q12. Why do we get muscle cramps after heavy exercise?


Answer: The cramps occur when muscle cells respire anaerobically. The partial breakdown
of glucose produces lactic acid. The accumulation of lactic acid causes muscle cramps.

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