Subject – Advanced Design of Steel Structures (ADSS)

Unit - II, Design of Beam

Dr. Pritam Hait

Assistant Professor
School of Civil and Environmental Sciences
JSPM University Pune, India Slide No. 1
 Introduction
Steel is rolled to manufacture different shape of section according to
the requirements. The common steel sections are

 I section – ISJB, ISLB, ISMB, ISWB, ISHB

 T section – ISJT, ISNT, ISLT etc.

 C section – ISJC, ISLC, ISMC, ISSC etc.

 L section – Equal and unequal ISA sections

 CHS, SHS and RHS

 Steel bars, sheets etc.

09-08-2024 Slide No. 2
 Abbreviations
ISJB - Indian Standard Junior Beams

ISLB - Indian Standard Light Weight Beams,

ISMB - Indian Standard Medium Weight Beams

ISWB - Indian Standard Wide Flange Beams,

ISHB - Indian Standard Heavy Weight Beams

ISJT - Indian Standard Junior Tee Bars

ISNT - Indian Standard rolled Normal Tee bars

ISLT - Indian Standard silt Light weight Tee bars

ISJC - Indian Standard Junior Channels

09-08-2024 Slide No. 3
 Abbreviations
ISLC - Indian Standard Light Weight Channels

ISMC - Indian Standard Medium Weight Channels

ISSC - Indian Standard Column Section

ISA – Indian standard angle sections

CHS - Circular Hollow Section

SHS - Square Hollow Section

RHS - Rectangular Steel Hollow Section

09-08-2024 Slide No. 4

 Classification of beam

Classification of
beam

Laterally Laterally
supported unsupported

09-08-2024 Slide No. 5

 Laterally supported &
unsupported beam

09-08-2024 Laterally supported beams Slide No. 6

 Design of laterally supported beam

Design bending strength  M d   b Z p f y  m 0

Factored design moment  M
M  Md

Slide No. 7
 Design of laterally supported beam
Q.1 Determine the design bending strength of ISLB 350 @ 406 N/m considering the
beam to be laterally supported. The design shear force is less than the design shear
strength.
Solution:-
Step I Given data

Grade of steel 410 and f y  250 Mpa or N / mm 2

Step II Properties of given section

Using IS table we get the following properties (ANNEX H)
h  350mm Z ez  751.9 103 mm3
b f  165mm Z pz  851.11103 mm3
t f  11.4mm r1  16mm
tw  7.4mm I xx  I z  13158.3 104 mm 4
09-08-2024 ry  31.7 mm I y  631.9 104 mm 4 Slide No. 8
 Step III Section classification (Table 2, page 18)

250
For Fe410, Yield stress ratio     1
fy

bf 165
b 
2 2

b  82.5mm d  h  2(t f  r1 )  350  2  (11.4  16)  295.2mm

b 82.5 d 295.2
  7.23  9.4   39.9  84
t f 11.4 tw 7.4

Hence the section is plastic

09-08-2024 Slide No. 9

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 10

 Step IV Check for Shear capacity of section (page 59)

Av f y (h t w )  f y (350  7.4)  250

Vd     339.849 kN (  m 0  1.1, Table 5 page 30)
3   mo 3   mo 3 1.1

V  0.6Vd Low Shear

V  0.6Vd High Shear

0.6Vd  0.6  339.849  203.91 kN

design shear force < design shear strength (given) Hence this is low shear

Step V Check for Moment capacity of section (page 53)

b Z p f y 1 851.11103  250
Md    193.43 kNm
 mo 1.1
1.2  Z e  f y 1.2  751.9 103  250
M d should be less than   205 kNm (cl 8.2.1.2 page 53)
 mo 1.1
09-08-2024 (Hence safe) Slide No. 11
 Problem 2
Q.3 A roof of a hall measuring 8 m x 12 m consists of 100 mm thick R. C. slab
supported on steel I-beams spaced 3 m apart as shown in Figure below. The finishing
load may be taken as 1.5 kN/m2 and live load as 1 5 kN/m2. Design the steel beam.

09-08-2024 Slide No. 12

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 13

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 14

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 15

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 16

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 17

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 18

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 19

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 20

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 21

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 22

 Problem 2

(Table 6 page 31 of IS 800:2007)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 23

 Problem 3
Q.3.
A proposed cantilever beam is built into a concrete wall. It supports a dead load of 20
kN/m and a live load of 10 kN/m. The length of beam is 5 m. Select a suitable section with
necessary checks. Assume stiff bearing length of 100 mm and the beam is laterally
restrained.

Solution

09-08-2024 Slide No. 24

 Problem 3

09-08-2024 Slide No. 25

 Problem 3

09-08-2024 Slide No. 26

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 27

 Problem 3

09-08-2024 Slide No. 28

 Problem 3

Web crippling/ bearing Web buckling

09-08-2024 Slide No. 29

 Problem 3

09-08-2024 Slide No. 30

 Problem 3

09-08-2024 Slide No. 31

 Problem 3

(Table 16, pg 61)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 32

 Problem 3

(Table 9, pg. 40 - 43)

(Cl 8.7.4, pg. 67)

Root radius (R) = 18mm

09-08-2024 Slide No. 33

 Problem 3

Root radius (R) = 18mm

09-08-2024 Slide No. 34

 Design of laterally unsupported beam

Q.4 Design a simply supported beam of span 5m to carry total load of 50kN/m. The
beam is laterally unsupported. f y  250 N / mm 2 Take b1 = 99 mm

Solution:-
Step I Given data Span = 5m
Load of intensity = 50kN
Factored load = 1.5 × 50 kN/m
= 75 kN/m
f y  250 N / mm 2
Step II wl 2 75  52
Calculate maximum B.M, M max    234.375 kNm
8 8
wl 75  5
Calculate shear force S .F    187.5 kN
2 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 35

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)
Step III
Calculation of plastic M   mo 234.375 106 1.1
Z p (required)    1031.25  103 mm3
section modulus fy 250

For plastic and compact   1 , see page 53, IS 800:2007

Now choose a suitable section having section modulus (Zp) greater than Zp(required) from
steel table ANNEX H.

Let us adopt ISMB 600@1202.71N/m

Step IV
Properties of sections
h  600mm, ry  41.2mm, b f  210mm, t f  20.8mm,
tw  12mm, Z ez  3060.4 103 mm3 , Z pz  510.63 103 mm3
b1  99, I y  2651104 mm 4 , I x  91813 104 mm 4
09-08-2024 Slide No. 36
 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)
Step V Section classification


250

250
1
d  h  2   t f  r1 
 600  2   20.8  20 
fy 250

 518.4
bf 210 b 105
b   105mm,   5.048  9.4
2 2 t f 20.8
d 518.4
  43.2  84 Hence the sec tion is plastic
tw 12

Step VI Calculation of design bending strength

I fc , I ft  M.O.I. of each part of the section about I fc  I ft

compression and tension fibre respectively. I fc
f   0.5
2 I fc

09-08-2024 Slide No. 37

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 38

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

Step VII Calculation of design bending strength

I w  1   f   f I y hy2  1  0.5   0.5  2651 104   600  20.8   2.22 1012 mm 4

2
(page 129)


I t   bi ti3 / 3  2  
210  20.83
  600  2  20.8   12 3

  1.58  106 mm 4
 3  3

LLT  0.7  L  0.7  5  3.5m

E  2 105 
G     7.69  10 mm
4 2

2 1     2 1  0.3 

LLT  0.7  L  0.7  5  3.5m (Table 15, page 58)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 39
09-08-2024 Slide No. 40
 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)
0.5
  2 EI y    2 EI w  
M CR      GI t   (page 54)
 
  LLT   
2
  LLT   
2

0.5
  2  2  105  2651 104   2  2 105  2.22  104  
 2
   76923  1593466   2 
 3500  3500 
 0.723 109 N .mm
 0.723 kN .m

b Z p f y 1.2 Z e f y
LT  
M cr M cr

1 3510.63 103  250 1.2  3060.4 103  250

LT  
7.23 108
7.23 108
 1.101  1.126
 LT  1.101
09-08-2024 Slide No. 41
 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)
(page 54)
LT  0.5  1   LT  LT  0.2   LT
2
 M d  b Z p fbd  1 3510.63  103  135.45

 0.5  1  0.211.101  0.2   1.1012   4.75 108 Nmm

 1.2  475 kNm

1
(kai )  LT  0.5
 1.0
LT     
2
LT
2
LT

1
 0.5
1.2  1.2  1.101 
2 2

 0.596  1.0
 LT f y
fbd  (page 54)
 m0
0.596  250

1.1
09-08-2024
 135.45 N / mm 2 Slide No. 42
 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

Step VIII Check for shear capacity of section (page 59)

Av f y
Vd 
3   mo
(h t w )  f y

3   mo
(600 12)  250

3 1.1
 944754 N
 944.754 kN

0.6Vd  0.6  944.754 kN

 566.852 kN  187.5kN

Hence safe
09-08-2024 Slide No. 43
 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)
Step IX Check for deflection (Table 6, page 31)

5 wl 4
 max  
384 EI x
5 50  35004
  mm
384 2 105  91813 104
 0.53 mm

span 3500
 permissible    11.67 mm  0.53mm
300 300

Hence ok

09-08-2024 Slide No. 44

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

Step X Check for web buckling b1tw3 99 11.23

I   11590.65mm3
12 12
Ab  (b1  n1 ) t w
b1  99mm A  b1  tw  99  12  1188mm 2
n1  600 / 2  300mm I 11590.65
rmin    3.12mm
Ab  (99  300) 12 A 1188
 4788 mm 2 leff 362.88
   116.307
Depth of web (d)  h  2(t f  r1 ) rmin 3.12
 600  2(20.8  20)  518.4 mm From Table 9(a) the design compressive stress (fcd)
Effective length  0.7  depth of web
 0.7  518.4  362.88mm KL/rmin fcd f cd  106.18 N / mm 2
110 115
116.3 ?
120 101
09-08-2024 Slide No. 45
 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

Strength of section against web buckling  f cd  Ab  106.18  4788

 508389.84 N
 508.38kN  187.5kN

Hence web is safe

09-08-2024 Slide No. 46

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

Step XI Check for web crippling or web bearing (page 67)

b1  99 n2  2.5   t f  r1   2.5   20.8  20   102

 b1  n2  f y tw  99  102   250 12

Fw    548  187.5 kN
 m0 1.1

Hence safe

09-08-2024 Slide No. 47

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

Q 5. Design a simply supported beam of. span 6 m carrying a total uniformly distributed
length load of 32.5 kN/m and laterally unrestrained with a bearing of 100 mm. Take
max B.M. = 146.25 kNm and Max S.F. = 292.5 kN.
Solution:

Step I

M d  b Z p f bd
Calculation of plastic
Md 146.25 106
section modulus Z p (required)    1762  103 mm3
b  fbd 1 83

Assume fbd = 83 N/mm2

For plastic and compact βb =1, see cl 8.2.2, page 54, IS 800:2007
Now choose a suitable section having section modulus (Zp) greater than Zp(required) from
steel table or IS 800:2007 ANNEX H.
09-08-2024 Slide No. 48
 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)
Step II Sectional Properties

09-08-2024 Slide No. 49

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)
Step III Sectional Classification

09-08-2024 Slide No. 50

 Problem 2

09-08-2024 Slide No. 51

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 52

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 53

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 54

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 55

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 56

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 57

 Design of laterally unsupported beam (contd.)

09-08-2024 Slide No. 58

 High shear problem

For high shear problem,

follow this video

https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=s0jLadQ9AiA

09-08-2024 Slide No. 59

 High shear problem

Cl 9.2.2, pg 70

09-08-2024 Slide No. 60

 High shear problem

09-08-2024 Slide No. 61

 High shear problem

09-08-2024 Slide No. 62

 Web buckling

09-08-2024 Slide No. 63

 Web buckling

09-08-2024 Slide No. 64

 All the images, videos embedded in
this presentation are collected from
various internet sources for fair usage
of developing educational content and
is not used for commercial purposes.

09-08-2024 Slide No. 65