What does MEDIA mean?

Media, the plural of medium, broadly describes all channels of communication, including
everything from printed paper to digital data. Media comprises news, art, educational content,
and any form of information that can reach or influence people, including television, radio,
books, magazines, and the internet.
Mass media refers to the news and information that reaches a large number of people, while
local media, e.g., newspapers, and regional television/radio stations, serves the needs of the
communities or urban areas in which they are located.
Media plays a key role in people’s everyday lives as it helps educate them and enables them to
keep track of the day-to-day news, both local and global. Media is the best platform for people
to get information about what’s happening worldwide and down the street.
In his book, “Understanding Media: Extensions of Man” published in 1964, Marshall
McLuhan, who was a media theorist at the University of Toronto, coined the phrase “the
medium is the message.” The concept behind the phrase is that the way society sends and
receives information is more important than the actual information. In other words, McLuhan’s
premise is that the form of the message, i.e., visual, print, musical, etc., influences how society
perceives that message.
In reality, Media has different types such as: Traditional media, Print media, Electronic media,
Broadcasting media, Outdoor media, Transit media, Digital media.

PRINT MEDIA BAO GỒM :

With the inventation of printing press by Johannes Gutenberg, people can get their news and
other information easier and also increased literacy. Until Johannes Gutenberg invented the
printing press in the 15th century, individuals wrote every book by hand, and, as such, each
copy was unique. Gutenberg’s printing press, however, enabled print media to be mass-
produced.
The printing press increased the speed of communication and, consequently, the spread of
knowledge as it took significantly less time to produce 50 printed books than it took to produce
50 handwritten books. And by the 1930s, many printing presses could produce 3,000 pages
every 60 minutes.
Before the printing press, only the upper classes were really able to access books. However,
since mass-producing books made them less expensive, the middle classes were also able to
access and enjoy them. This led to an increase in public literacy.

Newspaper
A paper that is printed and distributed usually daily or weekly and that contains news, articles
of opinion, features, and advertising
In China, in 713 to 734 the Tang court issued a newsletter called Kaiyuan Gabao (開元雜報). This
is the first newspaper of Trung Hoa and also the first newspaper in the world, written by hand
on silk.
The Oxford Gazette was founded in Oxford, England in 1665 as a government newsbook and
is recognized as the first English newspaper. It was moved to London in 1666 and renamed the
London Gazette. The Gazette was printed on both sides of a single sheet of paper. However,
the Gazette was not printed and sold to the general public, rather it was sent to subscribers by
mail.
In Vietnam, when talking about the first newspaper written in the national language, many
people know that it was Gia Dinh Bao founded by Truong Vinh Ky, published on April 15,
1865 (?) in Saigon, discontinued. on January 1, 1910.
Newspapers became much more common in the late 19th century, and at the beginning of the
20th century, newspapers were read in nearly every American home. And without competition
from radio and television, newspapers were very successful.

Magazine “Magazines shape our lives, telling us what to wear, what to eat, what to think
about ourselves and the world around us.” - Robbie Myers
The first publication that resembled a magazine was the German magazine Erbauliche
Monaths Unterredungen, published in 1663. It was a literary and scholarly publication. After
that, it was published periodically with similar topics, aimed at intellectual readers
Deep – Wide – New. Unlike newspapers, magazines that provide an in-depth perspective on a
specific field, the word "Deep" also has a good thing that is high value. Magazines can have
high-value content to become paid publications. "Broad" means that the magazine not only
talks about 1 issue but covers many different fields, Vietnam has more than 600 magazines
talking about many different issues such as scientific research magazines, economic - political
magazines, fashion magazines ,... As for "New", the magazine must always bring new
information in the specific industry, creating creativity to suit the times.

Direct mail
Direct mail or advertising mail in simple terms, Direct Mail is direct mail. It is a method of
transmitting all information related to services and products to potential user groups at a fairly
economical cost. Direct Mail is deployed in a variety of popular forms as follows: Envelopes,
brochures, flyers, catalogs, newsletters, postcards,...

BROADCAST MEDIA
Radio
In 1895, Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi successfully used radio waves to send a message
via Morse Code over a distance of one kilometer. In 1897, Marconi received a patent in
England for his “wireless telegraph” machine (later known as the radio). By 1914, Reginald
Fessenden, a Canadian inventor, developed a machine that could sustain a radio wave and was
powerful enough to broadcast music and voices over thousands of miles.
There were more than 500 radio stations broadcasting news, sports, variety shows, music, and
everything in between by the middle of the 1920s. And by the 1930s, most homes in Europe
and the US had radios. But not long after World War II ended, television overtook the radio as
the most important electronic mass medium in the world.

Podcast
Podcast is a digital audio file you can download or listen to over the Internet. The podcast was
first featured at an event called BloggerCon held in 2003. The name "podcast" was coined by
journalist Ben Hammersley in 2004, combining the words "iPod" (an Apple music device) and
"broadcast" (meaning broadcast). Podcasts have a wide variety of topics, from radio shows
and celebrity interviews, to memoirs and news. You can search and choose topics that suit
your interests to listen. Some popular apps for you to listen to podcasts are Apple Podcasts,
Google Podcasts, Spotify Podcast

Television
Television is a breakthrough compared to radio, which can not only be heard but also watched.
In 1925 took place a very important event in the field of television. A Scottish inventor named
John Logie Baird, invented the world's first color television.
It wasn’t until 1938 that black and white electronic television sets were commercially available
in the US. Television has evolved through many stages:
 From 1920 to 1954: The birth of black-and-white television
 From 1954 to 1999: The Age of Color TV
 From 1999 to 2007: The era of digital television, flat screens
 From 2007 to 2015: LCD and LED TV technology
 From 2015 to now: The era of OLED, QLED ultra-thin TVs

DIGITAL MEDIA
The Internet
The invention of the internet and the World Wide Web in the 1960s and 1989 and their
subsequent commercialization transformed information sharing and international
communication. Although people use the terms internet and World Wide
Web interchangeably, they are not really the same. The internet refers to the global
communication system, including hardware and infrastructure, while the web is one of the
services communicated over the internet. The Internet allows the transfer of data, information,
and communication worldwide, connecting organizations, devices, and people in a
decentralized and distributed manner.
The World Wide Web (good ole' "www.") was invented in 1989 by a guy named Tim Berners-
Lee.
Social Media
Social media includes sites, such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Snapchat,
which let their users interact with each other via text, videos, and pictures. These social media
sites enable individuals to leave comments and “likes” to create conversations around a variety
of topics, including news, sports, politics, and users’ day-to-day lives. In addition, businesses
use social media for internal communications as well as marketing. Social media has
significantly influenced the way individuals interact with one another, and it has played a
major role in the move to a digital world.

Streaming Services
Over the past decade, streaming services have changed the way people watch television shows
and movies and listen to music. No more taking a trip to the local video store or waiting an
entire week to see the next episode of a favorite television program as on-demand subscription
streaming services now allow consumers to stream video and audio anytime day or night from
wherever they are on any internet-connected device.
Mobile technology: Mobile Internet has become an important part of everyday life after the
advent of the Internet. The invention of smartphones and 3G/4G technology has opened up
access to the Internet and online applications on mobile.
Email: Ray Tomlinson invented email technology in 1971. Email allows users to send and
receive email messages within a computer network, quickly replacing traditional mailing.