New Mansoura University Machine Construction (MEC111)

Faculty of Engineering Sheet No. 3

Mechanical Engineering Department Simple Stresses
Dr. Mohamed Yassin Baraya

Question (1):

Choose the correct answer:

1. What is stress?
a) Force applied per unit b) Deformation per unit c) Force per unit volume d) Pressure applied on a
area length surface
2. Which of the following is a type of normal stress?
a) Shear stress b) Tensile stress c) Bending stress d) both b & c
3. Strain is defined as:
a) Force per unit area b) Change in length per unit c) Force per unit volume d) Pressure applied on a
original length surface
4. Hooke’s Law is valid in which region of the stress-strain curve?
a) Elastic region b) Plastic region c) Fracture point d) Yield point
5. Which type of strain occurs due to a change in length?
a) Volumetric strain b) Lateral strain c) Longitudinal strain d) Shear strain
6. Which material typically has a linear stress-strain relationship in the elastic region?
a) Rubber b) Steel c) Plastic d) Wood
7. The modulus of elasticity is a measure of:
a) Toughness b) Hardness c) Stiffness d) Ductility
8. The stress at which a material begins to deform plastically is known as:
a) Ultimate stress b) Yield stress c) Breaking stress d) Compressive stress
9. Which type of stress is developed in a rotating shaft?
a) Tensile stress b) Bending stress c) Torsional stress d) Compressive stress
10. In a stress-strain curve, the area under the curve represents:
a) Modulus of elasticity b) Work done on the c) Stifness d) Ductility
material
11. Which property of a material is measured by a tensile test?
a) Hardness b) Strength c) Toughness d) Ductility
12. What does the slope of the elastic region in a stress-strain curve represent?
a) Modulus of elasticity b) Yield strength c) Ultimate tensile strength d) Toughness
13. Which type of stress acts parallel to the surface of a material?
a) Tensile stress b) Shear stress c) Compressive stress d) Bending stress
14. Which test is used to measure the toughness of a material?
a) Tensile test b) Impact test c) Hardness test d) Compression test
15. What is the primary purpose of the stress-strain curve?
a) To measure hardness b) To understand material c) To determine density d) To calculate volume
deformation behaviour
16. Which stress is produced by a force applied perpendicular to a surface?
a) Shear stress b) Tensile stress c) Torsion stress d) None of the previous
17. Which point on the stress-strain curve indicates the maximum stress a material can withstand?
a) Yield point b) Elastic limit c) Ultimate tensile strength d) Fracture point
18. An example of the ductile material is …………..
a) Aluminium b) steel c) cast iron d) both a & b
19. An example of the ductile material is ……….
a) Cast iron b) ceramics c) glass d) all of the previous
20. The slope of the linear region in the load-displacement diagram represents ………..
a) Modulus of elasticity b) Modulus of toughness c) Stiffness d) Yield strength
Question (1):
Put (√) in front of the correct statements and (X) in front of the incorrect statements:

1. Stress is defined as force applied per unit area. ( )

2. Strain is a dimensionless quantity. ( )

3. Shear stress acts perpendicular to the surface. ( )

4. Hooke’s Law is valid beyond the elastic limit. ( )

5. Ductility is a measure of how much a material can be stretched without fracture. ( )

6. A brittle material typically has a large plastic region in the stress-strain curve. ( )

7. Tensile stress is a type of normal stress. ( )

8. The modulus of elasticity is also known as Young's modulus. ( )

9. Torsional stress is common in beams under bending. ( )

10. The area under the stress-strain curve represents the material strength. ( )

11. The yield point is where the material begins to deform elastically. ( )

12. Toughness is measured using the tensile test. ( )

13. Compressive stress results in the elongation of a material. ( )

14. The elastic region of the stress-strain curve is non-linear for most metals. ( )

15. Ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress a material can withstand. ( )

16. Bending stress is a type of normal stress. ( )

17. Shear strain occurs due to a change in length of a material. ( )

18. The yield strength of a material is less than its ultimate tensile strength. ( )

19. Brittle materials have high toughness. ( )

20. In the plastic region, the material deforms permanently. ( )

Problem (1)
A tensile member in a machine structure is subjected to a steady load of 4.5 KN it has a length of 750 mm
and is made from steel tube having an outside diameter of 18 mm and inside diameter of 12 mm. compute
the tensile stress in the tube and the axial deformation.
If the tensile member has a solid cross section and is made from mild steel with σy = 200 MPa. Calculate the
diameter of the member. Take the factor of safety S = 2.
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Problem (2)
Figure (1) shows a shaft-hub connection by a feather
key. The key has dimensions of b = 14 mm, h = 9
mm, L = 80 mm. The, shaft transmits a torque of 300
N.m and has a diameter d = 50 mm.
a- Calculate the surface pressure between the
key and hub.
b- Calculate the shearing stress of the key.
Fig.1
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Problem (3)
A beam having a T-section with the dimensions shown in figure (4) is subjected
to a bending moment of 1600 N.m. The sign of the moment produces tension
at the upper surface of the section.
a- Locate the neutral axis for the given cross section.
b- Calculate the maximum tension and compression bending stresses.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………...Fig.2
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Problem (4)
Knowing that the couple shown in figure (5) acts in the vertical plane,
draw the stresses distribution in the cross section and determine the
stresses at points A and B.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...Fig.3
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Problem (5)
The steel bracket shown in fig.4 is subjected to load of 4.5 KN, as shown. If the
bracket width at fixation is 50 mm, and the bracket thickness is 10 mm. find the
stresses acting at the bracket fixation.

………………………………………………………………………………………………Fig.4
Problem (6)

Fig.5
Figure (5) shows a lever (A) used to produce a tensile force in the tie rods (B) by the acting of force F= 1KN.
The lever (A) is supported to the base (C) by a through bolt (D) M10. The tie rods (B) are attached to the pin
(E) by two elements (G).
1- Calculate and draw the bending stress distribution on the lever (A) and the pin (E).
2- Calculate the tensile and the shearing stresses acting on-the tie rods (B).
3- Calculate the shear stress acting on the bolt (D) and the pin (E).
4- Calculate the surface pressure between the (lever / pin), (lever / bolt) and (attached elements / pin).
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Problem (7)

Fig.6
Figure (6) shows an off-loading station at the end of a paper rolling machine. The finished paper rolls are 0.9
m OD by 0.22 m ID by 3.23 m long and have a density of 984 kg/m3. The rolls are transferred from the
machine conveyor (not shown) to the forklift truck by the V-linkage of the off-load station which is rotated
through 90° by an air cylinder. The paper then rolls onto the waiting forks of the truck. The forks are 38 mm
thick by 100 mm wide by 1.2 m long.

1- Find the stresses in the two forks on the truck when the paper rolls onto it under two different conditions
(show the possible conditions):
a. The two forks are unsupported at their free end.
b. The two forks are contacting the table at point A.
2- The V-links of Figure (6) are rotated by the crank arm through a shaft that is 80 mm diameter by 3.23 m
long. Determine the maximum torque applied to this shaft during the motion of the V-linkage and find the
maximum stress and deflection for the shaft.
3- Determine the maximum forces on the pins at each end of the air cylinder of Figure (6). Determine the
stress in these pins if they are 30 mm diameter and in single shear.