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19 views

Sensors 1

Uploaded by

MA Dhu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What are IoT Sensors?

IoT sensors are pieces of hardware that detect changes in an environment


and collect data. They’re the pieces of an IoT ecosystem that bridge the
digital world to the physical world. IoT sensors may detect things like
temperature, pressure, and motion, and if they are connected to a network,
they share data with the network.

14 Types of IoT Sensors


There are many different types of sensors, and they come in different
shapes and sizes. Here are 14 of the most common types and uses of
sensors.

1. Temperature Sensors
Temperature sensors measure the amount of heat generated from an area
or an object. They detect a temperature change and convert the findings to
data. Temperature sensors are used in various industries, including
manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture. Some examples are
thermistors, thermocouples, and resistor temperature detectors (RTD).

2. Proximity Sensors
Proximity sensors detect the presence or absence of objects near the
sensor without physical contact. They often emit a beam of radiation like
infrared or an electromagnetic field. They can be used for process
monitoring and control, object counting, assembly lines, and determining
available space. Proximity sensors are common in retail settings, industrial
complexes, and parking lots. Some examples are photoelectric, magnetic,
capacitive, inductive, and ultrasonic.

3. Pressure Sensors
These sensors detect changes in a gas or liquid. When the pressure range
is beyond a set threshold, pressure sensors alert to the problem. They are
used for leak testing, water systems, vehicles, and aircraft. For example,
the BMP180 is a digital pressure sensor found in cell phones and GPS
navigation devices. And some vehicles use a tire pressure monitoring
system (TPMS) to alert when tire pressure is low and potentially unsafe.
4. Water Quality Sensors
As you’d expect, water quality sensors monitor the quality of water. They
are often used in water distribution systems, but they function in a variety of
industries. There are different kinds of water sensors, including residual
chlorine sensors, turbidity sensors, pH sensors, and total organic carbon
sensors.

5. Chemical and Gas Sensors


These sensors monitor air quality for the presence of toxic or hazardous
gas. They often use semiconductor, electrochemical, or photo-ionization
technologies for detection. They are typically used in industrial and
manufacturing settings, though they are also found in carbon dioxide
detectors.

6. Infrared Sensors
Some sensors either detect or emit infrared radiation to sense
characteristics and changes in the surrounding area. They’re useful for
measuring heat emissions from an object. Infrared sensors are used in
remote controls, healthcare settings, and even by art historians
authenticating artwork.

7. Smoke Sensors
Most people are familiar with smoke detectors, as they have protected our
homes and businesses for a long time. However, with improvements based
on IoT, smoke detectors are now more user-friendly, convenient, and wire-
free.

8. Motion Sensors
Motion sensors detect physical movement in an area. Of course, these
sensors play a significant role in the security industry, but they are used in
nearly every industry. Applications include automated sinks and toilet
flushers, automatic door controls, energy management systems, and
automated parking systems. Standard motion sensors include ultrasonic,
microwave, and passive infrared (PIR).
9. Level Sensors
Level sensors detect the level of various substances, including powder,
granular material, and liquids. Industries that use them include water
treatment, food and beverage manufacturing, oil manufacturing, and waste
management. They can detect the level of liquid in a container and can
even determine the amount of waste in a dumpster.

10. Image Sensors


These sensors convert optical images into signals and are generally used
to display or store files electronically. They are found in radar and sonar,
biometric devices, night vision equipment, medical imaging, digital
cameras, and even some cars. Charge-coupled devices (CCD) and
complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS) are most commonly
used.

11. Humidity Sensors


These sensors measure the amount of water vapor in the air. Typical uses
include heating and air conditioning systems (HVAC) and weather
monitoring and prediction. When humidity must be tightly controlled, such
as in museums, hospitals, and greenhouses, humidity sensors assist the
process.

12. Accelerometer Sensors


Accelerometer sensors detect the orientation of an object and the rate of
change, including tap, shake, tilt, and positioning. They are used in many
industries for smart pedometers, anti-theft protection, and monitoring auto
fleets. Some types are capacitive accelerometers and hall-effect
accelerometers.

13. Gyroscope Sensors


A gyroscope sensor measures the angular rate or velocity, or the speed of
rotation around an axis. They are generally used for navigation in the auto
industry for navigation and anti-skid systems as well as in video games and
drones. Some examples include optical gyroscopes, rotary gyroscopes,
and vibrating structure gyroscopes.
14. Optical Sensors
Optical sensors measure light and convert it into electrical signals. Many
industries make use of optical sensors, including auto, energy, healthcare,
and aerospace. Sensors include fiber optics, photodetector, and pyrometer.

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