NEW LIFE COLLEGE, BANGALORE

RESEARCH MANUAL
GENERAL GUIDELINES, TYPESETTING FORMAT & SOURCE CITATION

September 2018

Adapted from
Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers (9th edn.),
The SBL Hand Book of Style (2nd edn.) and
 Hunter P. Mabry, A Manual for Researchers and Writers (2nd edn.)

CONTENT

1. TYPESETTING FORMAT AND GENERAL GUIDELINES

1.1. Page set-up and other Specifications for Main Text of an assignment
1.2. General Guidelines
1.2.1. Headings
1.2.2. Quotations
1.2.3. Italics

2. STANDARD FORMAT FOR FOOT NOTES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

2.1. Books
2.1.1. By a single author or editor
2.1.2. By two authors or editors
2.1.3. By more than three authors and editors
2.1.4. No author given
2.1.5. Editor or Compiler as ‘author’
2.1.6. Author's work contained in author's collected works
2.1.7. Separately titled volume in a multi-volume work with a general title
and editor(s)
2.1.8. Separately titled volume in a multi-volume work with a general title
and one author
2.1.9. Edition other than first
2.1.10. Essay or chapter by one author in a work edited by another
2.2. Periodicals
2.2.1. Magazine article
2.2.2. Journal article
2.2.3. Newspaper article, no author given
2.2.4. Newspaper article, author given
2.2.5. Book review in a journal
2.3. Reference works: Encyclopedia, Dictionary, and Atlas entries
2.3.1. Signed article
2.3.2. Unsigned article
2.4. Government Documents and Technical Reports
1.4.1. Government Documents
1.4.2. Technical report- Educational Resources Information Center
(ERIC) document
2.5. Second or Subsequent Citations in Notes 2.6. Annotated Bibliographies
2.7. Format for Citing Electronic sources
2.7.1. World Wide Web sites in general
2.7.2. Electronic journal (E-Journal)
2.7.3. Websites and Blogs

2
3. THESIS WRITING
3.1. Page set-up and other Specifications for Main Text of a Thesis
3.2. Thesis Proposal

4. APPENDIX

1. TYPESETTING FORMAT AND GENERAL GUIDELINES

1.1. Page set-up and other Specifications for Main Text of an assignment

Font: Times New Roman

Font size: 12
Spacing: 1.5
Margins: Top and bottom 1.0 inch; sides 1.0 inch
Text: Align left
Paragraphs: Start each paragraph flush with left margin (no indent). Leave a
line space between paragraphs.
Pagination: Place page numbers at the bottom center

Preliminary pages: Use a cover page as shown in Appendix

Footnotes: Font size 10; single spacing; flush against left margin; text aligned
left; no line space between entries.

Bibliography: Font size 12; single space, between two bibliographies 1.5 space.
Arrange in the following order:
Books
Articles
Dictionaries, Commentaries and Encyclopedias
Unpublished Work
Electronic/online Sources (Webliography)

Within the category, arrange authors alphabetically; indent one tab to right after the
first line of any given entry. If there are multiple works by a single author, arrange the
works in ascending order according to year of publication, i.e., starting with the earliest
publication.
If your bibliography includes two or more works written, edited, or translated by the
same individual, arrange the entries alphabetically by title (ignoring articles such as a and
the). For all entries after the first, replace the individual’s name with a long dash of 6
hyphens.

Biblical Languages Fonts: For Greek use Bibleworks Greek or SGreek. For
Hebrew use Bibleworks Hebrew (BWHebb), taking care to either use or not use pointing
consistently. When copy-pasting Hebrew texts from Bibleworks, Accordance or similar
electronic sources, ensure that the accents and cantillation marks are removed, unless
specifically required.

3
1.2. General Guidelines
1.2.1. Headings
Heading follows the decimal outline system and may go down to
four levels. The major heading followed by a sub-heading of the first degree, followed by
sub-headings of the second degree followed by a sub-heading of the third degree. Each
level of heading is characterized by a particular font and style as follows:

1. FIRST MAJOR HEADING

1.1. Sub-heading of the First Degree
1.1.1. Sub-heading of the Second Degree
1.1.1.1. Sub-heading of the Third Degree

1.2.2. Quotations
1.2.2.1. Quotation Marks
Quotation marks are to be placed outside fullstops and commas. Single quotation
marks should be used to indicate quotations within double quotation marks. Note the
juxtaposition of single and double quotes at the close of a sentence. E.g.,
“Jeremiah is often referred to as ‘The Weeping Prophet.’”
A question mark belongs outside the quotation marks unless it is part of the quoted material.
E.g.,
Why does C. S. Lewis claim “Nothing can seem extraordinary until you have
discovered what is ordinary”?
C. S. Lewis asks, “If miracles were not known to be contrary to the laws of nature,
how could they suggest the presence of the supernatural?”

1.2.2.2. Placing footnote numbers with respect to Quotation marks

The footnote number immediately follows punctuation, whether comma, semicolon

or fullstop. If the footnote number must be placed at the end of a quote, it must be placed
immediately after the close quotation marks. E.g.,
Why does C.S. Lewis claim “Nothing can seem extraordinary until you have
discovered what is ordinary”4?
C.S. Lewis asks, “If miracles were not known to be contrary to the laws of nature,
how could they suggest the presence of the supernatural?”6

1.2.2.3. Quoting Scripture

A Scripture reference may be accommodated immediately after quotation marks. E.g., “By
faith Abel offered up to God a sacrifice more acceptable than Cain’s” (Heb 11:4).

1.2.2.4. Block Quotations

When quoted material exceeds four lines, the quotation is set off from the rest of the text
in a block. A single tab may be used for this. Please note that (i) Quotation marks are
not used for block quotations (ii) Font size is 12 with single spacing.
(iii) A footnote number is placed immediately following the punctuation

4
 Monotheism is a word coined in comparatively modern times to designate
belief in the one supreme God, the Creator and Lord of the world, the
eternal Spirit, All-powerful, All-wise, and All-good, the Rewarder of good
and the Punisher of evil, the Source of our happiness and perfection. It is
opposed to Polytheism, which is belief in more gods than one, and to
Atheism, which is disbelief in any deity whatsoever. In contrast with
Deism, it is the recognition of God’s presence and activity in every part of
creation.2

(iv) Scripture texts set off in this manner should conclude with punctuation,
followed by the reference in parentheses. E.g.,
“The crowd answered him, “We have heard from the law that the Messiah [104] remains
forever. How can you say that the Son of Man must be lifted up? Who is this Son of
Man?” 35 Jesus said to them, “The light is with you for a little longer. Walk while you
have the light, so that the darkness may not overtake you. If you walk in the darkness,
you do not know where you are going. 36 While you have the light, believe in the light,
so that you may become children of light” (Jn. 12:34-36 NRSV).

1.2.3. Italics

Italics are used only for foreign words and for emphasis. For eg.,

Ibid, from the Latin ibidem, means “in the same place.”

1.2.4. Scripture References: Indicating Separation and Range

Scripture references are separated by semi-colons when taken from different books. E.g.,

Isa. 34:1; Jer. 31:10; Mal. 1:6

When taken from the same book, use commas to mark separation. E.g.,
Jn. 3:16, 4:5, 6:6; 1Pet. 1:4
Note special case of Psalms when used in the plural. E.g.,
Ps. 1:3; Pss. 1:2,12:6
When indicating range of text, use a hyphen. E.g., Ps 1:3-6

1.2.5. Dashes and Hyphens

Please distinguish between hyphens (e.g., first-century writer) and dashes (e.g., “I know
who you are—the Holy One of God!”). Note that there is no space on either side of a
hyphen or dash.

2. Standard Format for Foot Notes and Bibliography

1
N Author first name Author last name, Title (Location of Press: Press
Name, Year Published), page number.

B Author last name, Author first name. Title. Location of Press: Press Name,

5
 Year Published.

2.1. Books

2.1.1. By a single author or editor

1
N Richard Swinburne, The Evolution of the Soul (New York: Oxford
University Press, 1997), 23.

B Swinburne, Richard. The Evolution of the Soul. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1997.

2.1.2. By two or three authors or editors

2
N Joe Weixlmann and Houston A. Baker, Jr., eds., Black Feminist
Criticism and Critical Theory (Greenwood, FL: Penkeville Publishing
Company, 1988), 56.

B Weixlmann, Joe and Houston A. Baker, Jr., eds. Black Feminist Criticism and
Critical Theory. Greenwood, FL: Penkeville Publishing Company, 1988.

2.1.3. By more than three authors and editors

3
N Kimberle Crenshaw and Others, eds., Critical Race Theory: The Key
Writings that Formed the Movement (New York: New Press, 1995), 50.

B Crenshaw, Kimberle, Neil Gotanda, Gary Peller, and Kendall Thomas, eds.
Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings that Formed the Movement.
New York: New Press, 1995.

2.1.4. No author given

5
N The Lottery (London: J. Watts, [1732]), 20-25.

B The Lottery. London: J. Watts, [1732].

2.1.5. Editor or Compiler as ‘author’

9
N Robert I. Rotberg, ed., Burma: Prospects for a Democratic Future
(Cambridge, MA: The World Peace Foundation, 1998), 225.

B Rotberg, Robert I., ed. Burma: Prospects for a Democratic Future. Cambridge,
MA: The World Peace Foundation, 1998.

2.1.6. Author's work contained in author's collected works

6
 11
N The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of
Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey, vol. 6, The Psychopathology of
Everyday Life (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho- Analysis,
1953), 45.

B Freud, Sigmund. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological

Works of Sigmund Freud. Edited by James Strachey. Vol. 6, The
Psychopathology of Everyday Life. London: Hogarth Press and the Institute
of Psycho-Analysis, 1953.

2.1.7. Separately titled volume in a multi-volume work with a general title and
editor (s)

12
N Gordon N. Ray, ed., An Introduction to Literature, vol. 2, The Nature of
Drama, by Hubert Hefner (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1959), 47-49.

B Ray, Gordon N. ed., An Introduction to Literature. Vol. 2, The Nature of Drama,

by Hubert Hefner. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1959.

2.1.8. Separately titled volume in a multi-volume work with a general title

and one author

13
N Sewall Wright, Evolution and the Genetics of Populations, vol. 4,
Variability within and among Natural Populations (Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1978), 67.

B Wright, Sewall. Evolution and the Genetics of Populations. Vol. 4, Variability within
and among Natural Populations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978.

2.1.9. Edition other than first

16
N Dennis Gilbert, The American Class Structure in an Age of Growing
Inequality, 5th ed. (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing, 1998), 89.

B Gilbert, Dennis. The American Class Structure in an Age of Growing

Inequality, 5th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing, 1998.

2.1.10. Essay or chapter by one author in a work edited by another

7
 24
N Adrienne Rich, “Jane Eyre: The Temptations of a Motherless Woman,” in
Jane Eyre: An Authoritative Text, Contexts, Criticism, ed. Richard J. Dunn (New
York: Norton, 2001), 469.

B Rich, Adrienne. “Jane Eyre: The Temptations of a Motherless Woman.” In

Jane Eyre: An Authoritative Text, Contexts, Criticism, ed. Richard J.
Dunn, 469-483. New York: Norton, 2001.

2.2. Periodicals

2.2.1. Magazine article

40
N Alexandra Hall, “Girls with Guns,” Boston Magazine, January 2003, 7.

B Hall, Alexandra. “Girls with Guns.” Boston Magazine, January 2003, 6-10.

2.2.2. Journal article

37
N Andrew Feffer, “Pragmatism, Feminism, and Democracy: Rethinking the
Politics of American History,” Journal of American History 89 (March 2003): 1612.

B Feffer, Andrew. “Pragmatism, Feminism, and Democracy: Rethinking the

Politics of American History,” Journal of American History 89
(March 2003): 1612-1615.

2.2.3. Newspaper article, no author given

43
N “Church language: Kannada Writers back Catholics,” The Hindu
(Bangalore), 3 July 1981, 9.

B The Hindu (Bangalore), 3 July 1981.

2.2.4. Newspaper article, author given

44
Bharat Dogra, “The Cost of the IMF Loan,” Deccan Herald, 27 June 1984,
8.

B Deccan Herald, 27 June 1984.

2.2.5. Book review in a journal.

8
 23
N Sue Embree, review of The Inner World: A Psycho-analytic Study of
Childhood and Society in India, by Sudhir Kakar, Religion and Society 27/2 (June
1980): 114.

B Embree, Sue. Review of The Inner World: A Psycho-analytic Study of

Childhood and Society in India, by Sudhir Kakar. Religion and Society
27/2 (June 1980): 108-114.

2.3. Reference works: Encyclopedia, Dictionary, and Atlas entries

2.3.1. Signed article

N 7
Morris Jastrow,
“Nebo,” in Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th ed.

2.3.2. Unsigned article

23
N Encyclopedia Americana, 1963 ed., s.v. "Sitting Bull."

2.4. Government Documents and Technical Reports

2.4.1. Government Documents

9
 50
N U. S. House of Representatives, Ninety-fifth Congress, secondsession.
Investigation of the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy (Washington, D.C.,
1978), 16.

B U.S. House of Representatives, Ninety-fifth Congress, second session.

Investigation of the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy.
Washington, DC., 1978.

2.4.2. Technical report- Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) document

62
N Robson, Barbara, The Cubans: Their History and Culture
(Washington, DC.: Center For Applied Linguistics, Refugee Service Center, 1996),
22, ERIC, ED 398322.

B Robson, Barbara. The Cubans: Their History and Culture.

Washington, DC.: Center for Applied Linguistics, Refugee
Service Center, 1996. ERIC, ED 398322.

2.5. Second or Subsequent Citations in Notes

If you use the notes/bibliography style of referencing sources, only the first note
reference to a source needs to be complete. Subsequent references should be
shortened. If the first reference is this:

8
Max Plowman, An Introduction to the Study of Blake (London: Gollancz, 1982), 32.
9
Plowman, Study of Blake, 125.

2.6. Annotated Bibliographies

Thompson, Oscar, ed. International Cyclopaedia of Music and Musicians. New

York: Dodd, Mead, 1936.

2.7. Format for Citing Electronic sources

2.7.1. World Wide Web sites in general

Citations of databases containing formally published materials should identify the author
of the content or the owner or sponsor of the site, and provide the title of the content and
the name of the database, followed by the electronic resource identifier(s).

22
N Cobb Institute of Archaeology. “The Figurines of Maresha, the Persian
Era,” DigMaster,http://www.cobb.msstate.edu/dignew/Maresha/index.html.

23
Cobb Institute of Archaeology,“The Figurines of Maresha.”

B Cobb Institute of Archaeology. “The Figurines of Maresha, the Persian Era.”

10
 DigMaster. http://www.cobb.msstate.edu/dignew/Maresha/index.html.

2.7.2. Electronic journal (E-Journal)

Electronic journal article citations should include a URL. The URL must resolve directly to
the page on which the article appears. Both DOI and URL may be included if desired.

7
N Carl P. E. Springer, “Of Roosters and Repetitio: Ambrose’s Aeterne rerum
conditor,” VC 68 (2014): 155–77, doi:10.1163/15700720-12341158.

8
Springer, “Of Roosters and Repetitio,” 158.

B Springer, Carl P. E. “Of Roosters and Repetitio: Ambrose’s Aeterne rerum

conditor.” VC 68 (2014): 155–77. doi:10.1163/15700720-12341158.

8
N Charles Truehart,“Welcome to the Next Church,” Atlantic Monthly 278
(August 1996): 37–58, http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/
issues/96aug/nxtchrch/ nxtchrch.htm.

9
Truehart,“Next Church,” 37.

B Truehart, Charles.“Welcome to the Next Church.” Atlantic Monthly 278 (August

1996): 37–58. http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/96aug/nxtchrch/
nxtchrch.htm.

2.7.3. Websites and Blogs

Material published informally online must nevertheless be included in notes and

bibliography. (Blog entries, however, may be omitted from the bibliography.) In such
citations, a URL alone is not sufficient. Rather, the material cited must be referred to by a
descriptive phrase or tite, followed by the author of the content if known, the owner or
sponsor of the site, and the URL.

1
N “The One Hundred Most Important Cuneiform Objects,”
cdli:wiki, http://cdli .ox.ac.uk/wiki/doku.php?id=
the_one_hundred_most_important_cuneiform_ objects.

B “The One Hundred Most Important Cuneiform Objects.” cdli:wiki. http://

cdli.ox.ac.uk/wiki/doku.php?id=the_one_hundred_most_important_
cuneiform_objects.

Citations of blog entries should include the author of the entry; the name of the entry, in
quotation marks; the title or description of the blog; the date; and a URL.

11
 3
Mark Goodacre, “Jesus’ Wife Fragment: Another Round-Up,” NT Blog, 9
May 2014, http://ntweblog.blogspot.com.

3. THESIS WRITING

3.1. Page set-up and other Specifications for Main Text of a Thesis

Margins: Top and bottom 1.0 inch; outer margin 1.0 inch; inside margin 1.5 inches.

Preliminary pages: Use Roman numeral pagination, Count from the Title page, but show
pagination only from Signatory Page onwards.
From Chapter One onwards, use Arabic numeral pagination, starting from 1…

3.2. Thesis Format

The mechanical format of a thesis includes three categories of material: (i) The
Preliminaries, (ii) The Text of the Thesis, and (iii) the Reference Material. These sections
occur in the following order, although not every thesis includes all of the items listed in
each category.

3.2.1. The preliminaries

Title Page
Signatory Page
Declaration
Preface or Acknowledgements (optional)
Table of Contents
List of Tables (if any)
List of Illustrations (in any)
Abbreviations

(These pages are numbered in small Roman numerals, viz., i, ii, iii…. Numbering begins
with the Title page, but is shown only from the Signatory page.)

3.2.2. The Text of the Thesis

Introductory Chapter

Report of the study, appropriately divided into chapters (usually 5-6) and sections

Summary Chapter

12
(Arabic numerals, viz., 1.2,3 etc. begin with the introductory chapter and continue
through the rest of the thesis)

3.2.3. The Reference Material

Appendix or Appendices (if any)

Index or Glossary (if any)
Bibliography

3.3. Thesis Proposal

In a post-graduate level thesis proposal is a pre-requisite for the thesis writing. This gives
the strong basis for a thesis writer. The following is a brief description of some of the
basic elements, which should be covered in a proposal.

Title

The proposed title for the anticipated research should be clearly and precisely stated. The
title should clearly state the area of proposed investigation. A sub-title may be included
where this helps to more precisely state the subject area.
(See the appendix)

The Research Problem

Statement of the Problem

Immediately following the proposed title, a brief statement of the problem or question for
which an answer will be sought during the proposed investigation should be given,
preferably in one sentence.

Elaboration of the Problem

Immediately following the statement of the problem some elaboration should be given.
Here the proposal should indicate in what way the proposed research does in fact focus
upon what can be regarded as a problem – for example, is there a new evidence which
raises question about an earlier understanding and thereby necessitates a new
investigation of what has been an accepted position? Is there a social problem to which
persons in some community or church have not been able to make a constructive
response because they have not understood certain important dimension of the problem?

Importance of the Problem

Following the stating and elaboration of the problem there should be an indication of the
way or ways in which the problem has such importance as to merit the investment of
time, energy and other resources which would be involved in the research undertaking.

Definitions

13
Technical terms and specialized words should be defined at this point to the extent that
such definitions are needed for clearly presenting the proposed plan of research.

Limitations
The scope of the problem should be clearly demarcated by precisely indicating the limits
of the investigation. This will help to establish the boundaries of what the researcher is
making herself or himself responsible for in undertaking the proposed research.

Previous Research
There will usually be some closely related research already done and, in some cases,
perhaps some directly related research will have already been completed. The most
significant of such studies should be noted with some description of the major thrust of
each and how the proposed research will move beyond the concerns of pervious studies.
Method of Research
In most areas of inquiry there are different perspectives from which research could be
undertaken. What will be the main perspective, which will provide the direction of the
proposed research?

Sources of Data
While the researcher would not be expected to provide an exhaustive bibliography at this
stage, the major sources of primary and secondary material should be indicated.

Tentative outline
Some persons would like to include a tentative outline for the anticipated research and/or
research report. It can help communicate what the researcher envisions as the most
important dimensions of the proposed research and how these will be organized relative
to each other.

Select Bibliography
Usually, it will be possible to provide a comprehensive bibliography only after the
research is completed. But at the proposal stage, under “Sources of Data”, and perhaps
additionally under “Select Bibliography”, there should be an indication of the major
sources to be consulted.

***********

14
 Appendix

AN ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVENESS MISSION IN INDIA EXPLORING

TOWARDS STRATEGIC EVANGELISM AND CHURCH GROWTH

A Research Paper
Submitted to
Rev. Dr. Abraham Mathew

__________

In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the course

15
 Evangelism and Church Growth (MM471) for
the degree of Master of Divinity

__________

By

Name of the Student Regd.

No.

September16, 2018

NEW LIFE COLLEGE, BANGALORE

Fig. 1. Title page for a class paper

NEW LIFE COLLEGE

An Investigation into the Christological Hymns in Pauline Corpus

A Thesis Submitted to the Department of New Testament in partial fulfillment of the

requirement of the Degree of Master of Divinity/ Master of Theology

16
 by

Name of the student Reg.

No.

Bangalore
August 2018

Fig. 2. Title page for a Thesis

17