Ambo University Hachalu Hundessa Campus School

of Informatics and Electrical Engineering Electrical

and Computer Engineering Department
Title: Network Installation

Host company Name: Ambo University main campus

Group members name and Id no.

Bonsa Adugna ----------------- ugr/51416/13

Fedawak Hailu ----------------- ugr/51601/13

Advisor: Mr. Esayas

Submitted to Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ambo University

Institute of Technology

October , 2024

Ambo, Ethiopia

I
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION
It is to declare what we wrote and prepare this report of internship end submitted to
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute of Technology, Ambo
University. It is the report what we had done in last four months and the
experiences that we get from our practical work entitled with “Network
installation”. It is an original work and data provided in the study is authentic to the
best of our knowledge. This report has not been submitted to any other Institute for
the award of any other degree.

Advisor Name sign of advisor

Date of Signature

Name of student Id Number

Bonsa Adugna ugr/51416/13

Fedawak Hailu ugr/51601/13

I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This is to tanks my almighty God for his helping without any rent to work this
internship tanks God. And also, we would like thank AMBO UNIVERSITY
HACHALU HUNDESSA CAMPUS Industrial Linkage and Department of Electrical
and Computer Engineering for giving us a chance to participate in four months’
internship period by accepting our request to be placed at Ambo University main
campus ICT center. We are so grateful to the internship placement Ambo University
main campus ICT center for successfully arranging the internship program and
providing what we needed. We convey our sincere gratitude to our hosting company
supervisor Mr.Kebebew Chala for their exemplary guidance, constant encouragement,
and careful monitoring throughout the internship was so great that, even our most
profound gratitude is not enough. We also would like to thank our university adviser
Mr. Esayas whose guidance, encouragement and suggestion.
It is not to last and not to least but it is to thanks our family for their all supports.

Lastly, we offer regards and blessings to all of those who supported us in any respect
during this field practice.

II
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report is about to explain what we did and learned during our internship period
with Ambo University main campus with requesting to Host Intern Student from
Ambo University Network cable installation, maintenance.
As the main purpose of internship is to learn by working in practical environment and
to apply the knowledge acquired during the studies in a real-world scenario in order to
tackle the problems using the knowledge and skill learned during the academic
process. we have discussed about office network, which we observed and perceived
during our internship program.
This report is divided in to five chapters. First chapter will discuss about introduction
of our report .In chapter two will discuss about the background of Ambo University.
In chapter three the work tasks of during the internship programs. In chapter four will
discuss the challenge faced and how to overcame the challenges. The last chapter is
recommendation and conclusion of the previous sections. The most important in an
internship program is that the student should spend their time in a true manner and
with the spirit to learn practical orientation of theoretical study framework. During
our internship we are able to learn practical aspect of network and get good working
experience.

III
 Catalog
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION......................................................................................................I

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................II

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................III

CHAPTER 1................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................1

1.1 Introduction of internship program....................................................................................1

1.2 Objective of internship........................................................................................................1

1.3 Importance of the Internship.....................................................................................3

1.4. Data Methodology......................................................................................................3

1.4.1. Primary data gathering method.......................................................................3

1.4.2. Secondary data gathering method...................................................................3

1.5 Scope of the Internship..................................................................................4

CHAPTER 2.............................................................................................................................5

BACKGROUND......................................................................................................................5

2.1 HISTORY OF THE COMPANY.........................................................................................5

2.2 The main products and services..................................................................................6

2.3 The Main customers or the end users of products or services....................................7

2.4 Mission Of Ambo University.......................................................................................8

2.4.1 Vision of the organization.................................................................................8

2.4.2 Core values of the organization........................................................................8

2.5 Activities of the Organization.....................................................................................9

CHAPTER 3...........................................................................................................................10

THE OVER ALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE...................................................................10

3.1 GETTING INTO THE COMPANY..................................................................................10

3.2 SECTION OF COMPANY WE HAVE BEEN WORKING IN...............................................10

3.3 How does the work flow in the section look like?.....................................................12

3.4 TASK WHICH WE HAVE BEEN EXECUTING.................................................................12

3.4.1 Task 1: Cable crimping and arrangement.......................................................................13

3.4.2 Task 2 : How to configure Patch panel...........................................................................15

3.4.3 Task 3: How to configure switch...................................................................................17

IV
3.4.4 Task 4: We observed AU data center.............................................................................18

3.5 The procedure we have been using while performing our work task........................20

3.5.1 The steps we follow to perform our task during internship............................21

3.6 How good you have been in performing your work task..........................................22

3.7. Material used in installation................................................................................23

3.7.1. Tools Used for Network Installation...............................................................23

3.8. The overall benefits gained from the internship.....................................................28

3.8.1 In terms of improving our practical skill.........................................................28

3.8.2. In terms of upgrading our Theoretical skill....................................................29

3.8.3. In terms of improving interpersonal communication skill..............................29

3.8.4. In Terms of Improving Team Playing Skill.......................................................29

3.8.5. In terms of improving leadership skills...........................................................30

That is:-....................................................................................................................30

3.8.6 In terms of understanding about work ethics.................................................31

3.8.7. In terms of updating software........................................................................32

CHAPTER FOUR.......................................................................................................................33

Challenges and Contribution...................................................................................................33

4.1 Challenges we have been facing while performing our work task............................33

4.2 What the measure we have taken in order to overcome these challenge................33

Chapter 5................................................................................................................................34

Conclusion and Recommendation...........................................................................................34

5.1. Conclusion................................................................................................................34

5.2. Recommendation......................................................................................................35

5.3 Recommendations about Practical Attachment.........................................................35

References.......................................................................................................................37

V
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction of internship program
An internship program is a work-related learning experience for undergraduate
students to develop skills on practical work experience in a certain occupational field.
This internship is a practical section of an academic program that last approximately
four months. Internship helps students become viable, experienced, and self-confident
on their own profession.

In this golden practical program, we have been working hard with out dissipating a
single minute. We are able to come out fruit fully with the following profits.

This internship were offers students hands on opportunity to work in their desired
field.they learn how their course of study applies to the real environment and build a
valuable experience that makes them stronger candidates to the job after graduation.

We have performed four months field practice at Ambo University main campus ICT
center. during this training, we have learned and practiced numerous knowledge and
skills about basic hardware network cable and software like distributing wired
network and communicating the computer logical for Ambo University.

Currently information and communication technology is back bone for nations

development and also important to connect nation with nations as well as country
with country’s and continent with continents and share the same information with in
the same time in the world.

1.2 Objective of internship

There are two objectives of this internship those are general and specific one they
include the following:

1. Practical Experience

- Gain hands-on experience in a professional setting related to the field of study.

- Apply theoretical knowledge learned in the classroom to real-world situations.

2. Skill Development

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- Develop specific skills relevant to the industry (e.g., technical skills,
communication, teamwork).

- Enhance problem-solving and critical thinking abilities through practical challenges.

3. Professional Networking

- Build connections with professionals and peers in the industry.

- Establish relationships that may lead to future job opportunities or mentorship.

4. Career Exploration

- Explore different career paths within the field to better understand personal interests
and goals.

- Gain insights into workplace culture and industry expectations.

5. Resume Building

- Add relevant experience to a resume, making it more competitive for future job
applications.

- Highlight specific projects or contributions made during the internship.

6. Feedback and Evaluation

- Receive constructive feedback from supervisors and colleagues to improve

performance.

- Reflect on personal strengths and areas for improvement.

7. Understanding Workplace Dynamics

- Learn about organizational structure, workflow, and professional etiquette.

- Experience working in a team environment and understand collaboration dynamics.

8. Research Opportunities

- Engage in projects that may involve research, data analysis, or creative problem-
solving.

- Contribute to ongoing projects or initiatives within the organization.

9. Transition to Employment

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 - Prepare for the transition from academic life to a professional career.

- Understand job application processes, interviews, and workplace expectations.

1.3 Importance of the Internship

The main importance of this internship is that it helps us to get knowledge of the
courses that we have learned in class by theory means of observing how it is applied
in the real world and to improve our communication skills, experience and job
opportunity when we meet different peoples and it enabled us

✏ to get field work experience

✏ to improves our communication skills.

✏ to understand the functioning and working conditions of different organization.

1.4. Data Methodology

In our filed practice we have used different techniques or methods to get
practical knowledge about network installation. Those are primary and
secondary data gathering method.

1.4.1. Primary data gathering method

A. Interview: we have used this technique to get basic information
about network installation. This method was applied directly
contacting with our supervisors at AU-ICT center. For example: we
have asked Mr. Kibebew Chala to get knowledge about hardware
network installation.

B. Observation: This technique is the most reliable primary data

gathering method. We use this method in practical work when we are
in practice time. So, we have seen how network is installed
practically and how each cable configure from data center to end
users.

1.4.2. Secondary data gathering method

A. Document: To know about the back ground of the organization (AU-ICT
center) we have used document of the organization.

B. Internet: To get additional information about network installation, tool

we used access internet.

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C. Questioner’s paper: To know information about the numbers of
employees in AU-ICT center we have to prepared questioners paper and
ask the staff workers Mr. Kebebew Chala.

1.5 Scope of the Internship

The study on computer networking using wireless network will provide an
overview of computer networking with more emphasis on wireless networks
and covers about the type of wireless network that exists, structure and
components of wireless network.

4
CHAPTER 2

BACKGROUND

2.1 HISTORY OF THE COMPANY

Ambo University is one of the foremost higher learning institutions with significant
contributions in the country's overall development by building the capacity of
development agents through short, medium and long term training's in various fields
since its establishment in 1939. After passing through various developmental stages, it
has recently become independent with a status of a university organized into 5
colleges and 3 institutes with 38 academic departments. It has four braches such as
Hachalu Hundessa campus, Main campus, Woliso campus and Guder campus. In
addition to the President and the two vice President offices, the University
Administrative and Academic sections run by fifteen Directors. This includes

• Director for Gender and Legal Affairs

• Director for Office of the Main Registrar

• Director for Administrative Quality Assurance and Audit

• Director for University Relations and Alumni Management

• Director for Institutional Policy and Planning

• Director for Educational Quality Assurance and Audit

• Director for Distance and Continuing Education

• Director for Human Resource Management and Development

• Director for Information and Communication Technology

• Director for Finance, Procurement and Property Management

• Director for Student Service

• Director for Academic Resource Development and Support

• Director for Graduate Studies

• Director for Research, Knowledge and Technology Transfer

• Director for Income Generating and Development

5
Director for Information and Communication Technology (ICT- Director) is one of
University Administrative and Academic sections in Ambo University. The
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) team provides the primary
management and support for computing and technology services within the
University. It is manages the wired and wireless network infrastructure, campus
computer classrooms and labs, and maintains all university owned computer
equipment and peripherals.

The AU-ICT is one of the administrative and academic sections in Ambo University.
The ICT office also started it’s service when the Ambo University was established as
I asked from the ICT head. The AU Information and Communication Technology
Center (ICTC) team provides the primary management and support for computing and
technology services within the University. The Electrical and Engineering manages
the wired and wireless network infrastructure, campus computer classrooms and all
data center with in the campus and facilities network service.

2.2 The main products and services

The Ambo university main products and service are academic programs,research
initiatives,community engagement,continuing education student service and etc.

6
1. Academic Programs: Offering undergraduate and postgraduate degrees across
various fields such as engineering, agriculture, business, social sciences, health
sciences, and education.

2. Research Initiatives: Conducting research that addresses local and national issues,
contributing to knowledge development and innovation.

3. Community Engagement: Providing services and programs that support community

development and capacity building.

4. Continuing Education: Offering training programs and workshops for professionals

seeking to enhance their skills.

5. Student Services: Providing support services such as counseling, career guidance,

and extracurricular activities to foster a holistic educational experience.

These offerings aim to equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to
contribute positively to society.

2.3 The Main customers or the end users of products or services

The main customers of these services are the government organization and any
citizen. all sectors are under this zone.

Different sectors such as education sector, human resources and management sector,
health sector and more are the main customers of ICT office.

The main customers or end users of the products and services of Ambo University
include:

1. Students: Individuals seeking higher education and professional development

through various academic programs.

2. Employers: Organizations looking to hire graduates with specific skills and

knowledge relevant to their industries.

3. Community Members: Local residents benefiting from community engagement

programs, workshops, and outreach initiatives.

4. Researchers and Academics: Scholars who utilize the university's research

facilities, libraries, and resources for academic purposes.

7
5. Government and NGOs: Entities that collaborate with the university on research
projects, training programs, and community development initiatives.

6. Alumni: Graduates who may seek continuing education opportunities, networking,

and career support from the university.

These stake holders play a crucial role in the university's mission and objectives.

2.4 Mission Of Ambo University.

The AU is established to achieve the following mission:-

•To educate prospective graduates, provide knowledge and develop skills in

technology, engineering, planning and designing for the industry and economy

•To conduct technology base applied research, project and studies that are based on
priorities that reflect the need of country, the region, Keble and the private sector
industries and economies.

•To create an environment that is conductive to the cultivation of social skill and
entrepreneurship among students and staff.

•To serve as a model for other educational institutions with in the country and provide
them with the necessary technological education and advanced training.

2.4.1 Vision of the organization

The vision of Ambo University of East Africa in………..and known as the
University of Preferred Vision supposedly to attend.
• Gender equality and equity extending the constitution
• Excellence
• Honesty and integrity
• Loyalty
• Ensure transparency,
• Accountability and community participation
Cooperation and Partnership team spirit .

2.4.2 Core values of the organization

The organization has to promote knowledge for the society to build mature literate
body to serve their society.

• To make competent society.

8
 • To build creative mind in their respective field.

• To expanse communication among sector body.

• To increase innovation in region, country and in the world.

• To increase research and academic in all aspects of science to promote

sustainable development of the country.

• To bring rapid economic growth to the country.

2.5 Activities of the Organization

Ambo University is one of the higher educations that have it’s own ICT center
organization. The organization has its own responsibilities and activities. The
activities carried out by the organization is

• Managing the university network as well as provide support for the

network users.

• Helping with the online security of the campus network.

• Providing technical support to system users by helping with training's and

giving advice's on the usage of personal computers.

• Installing new software, repairing hardware problems, installing new

hardware, troubleshooting problems and training employees especially
for related field students.

• Maintains the university website.

These duties are achieved majorly due to the co-operation of diverse professionals.
The organization unit is made up of; software engineers, network administrators,
system administrators.

9
CHAPTER 3

THE OVER ALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

3.1 GETTING INTO THE COMPANY

Network installation is the mobilization and utilization of capital and specialized
personal, material and equipment to assemble materials and equipment on specific
company in accordance with communication and specifications documents prepared
to serve the purposes of a client. We have visited a number of network installation
companies before setting down with this company just to make sure We completely
realize what I am trying to get myself into. In addition to this, We were looking for a
place where We would be able to contribute considerable inputs that would be taken
seriously.

After realize all the above factors, We decided to take practice in Ambo university
main campus ict directoret because We wanted to see the network installation work
starting from the physical topology and logical topology of the network , which helps
me to grasp a great deal of theoretical and practical knowledge at different aspects.
We get in to the company by giving a letter, which was given to us from Ambo
university Hachalu Hundessa campus industry linkage directorate offices that request
describe about our internship program. After few days we submitting this letter to
Ambo university main campus ict directorate. soon the network administrator
positively accepted our request to work as an intern student in the company.

3.2 SECTION OF COMPANY WE HAVE BEEN WORKING IN

In network installation mainly there is two section involved in the network system.
These sections are physical topology and logical topology. All these sections have
their own tasks and activity that are expected from them to perform.

1.physical topology: Physical Topology refers to the arrangement of devices and

cables in a computer network . It describes how the devices are connected physically,
such as in a bus, ring, or star shape. There are three basic physical topologies: bus,
ring, and star. That is, the cables in a network approximate the shape of a bus, ring, or
star. In a bus physical topology, all devices are connected in a line along a single
channel. Signals propagate along the entire length of the bus. Each end of the bus

10
must be terminated to prevent signal loss and echoes. A drawback to a bus network is
that a cable break or loose connection in the network will cause the network to stop
working.

In a ring each device physically removes a frame from the media and regenerates it.
Therefore, a physical ring has the same shortcoming as a physical bus topology: a
cable break or loose connection in the network could cause the whole network to stop
working.
In a star, each node communicates directly with only the central device in a point-to-
point connection. Therefore, any problems in a particular computer or the media
connecting it to the central device do not affect the rest of the network. Various types
of hardware, such as multiport repeaters or switches, can serve as the central device,
depending on the network architecture. A star is easier to troubleshoot than is a
physical ring or bus. If a computer on a star has trouble receiving or sending data, the
problem must be between that computer and its connection to the device at the center
of the star. Problems on a ring or bus cannot be isolated as easily. However, in the
star, since all communication passes through the central device, if it is not working,
there is no network.
2.Logical topology: The two logical topologies are broadcast (also known as bus) and
sequential (also known as ring). In a broadcast topology, all devices on the network
receive every message transmitted. Each device is responsible for recognizing
messages meant for it. If a device is not the intended receiver, the message is ignored.
An analogy would be a teacher calling on a student in class. All students in the
classroom would hear the teacher, but only the one whose name was called would
respond.
In a sequential topology, data moves by point-to-point transmission. Each device
connected to the ring receives and regenerates the signal. If the message is not
addressed to it, the computer passes it to the next device.
In fact, we have been working with our advisor. As we know advisors are performing
network installation activity, and check everything that going to be checked up. In our
case we are on the side of advisors, and we are able to control different tasks.
These tasks are mainly physical topology arrangement and logical topology of the
network that how the data transfer from one computer to the other one

11
The advisor also help us how we understand of draw the physical topology of the
network installation and configure on logical topology.
3.3 How does the work flow in the section look like?
For every network installation process well organized work flow is necessary for
successful compilation of the project whether it is large or small. smooth work flow
depends on factors like the time required to-finish the project, the number of
employees involved, the scale of project, the type of the project, my working network
system at Ambo university the work flow was look like the chart below. As shown in
the chart everything was excuted based on this flow. The work flow is put as figure of
chart below:

AU ICT director

customer manager
operational services network and security ICT project support
training

network security
ICT HW and system engineer
SW
maintenance system network
assistance networker software
system admin internet developer
services profession
senior maintenance
technician network technician
assistance engineer
maintenance assistance
technician developer
data base admin
developer
senior maintenance E-learning
technician copies, administrator
printer
training and
consultances
coordinator

Fig 2.The work flow of AU

3.4 TASK WHICH WE HAVE BEEN EXECUTING

As we described before we have been working in three main departments in our
internship period. In this company we have been executing Task many tasks like:

12
 3.4.1 Task 1: Cable crimping and arrangement
This is basic and easy part of network installation and it a part of different task in
networking. In this task we practiced all three types of crimping cable and we
familiarized more because it comes in different aspect of networking. The detail about
how the task was taken is expressed in the next chapter.

We used this device for crimping an Ethernet cable after we finish possible order of
the color for straight through and crossover using RJ-45. The major function for
which it is designed is to crimp or connect a connector to the end of a network cable.

Fig 3:crimper
• Steps to Crimp UTP Cable in RJ_45
Step_1 cut the cable by the cutter.

Step 2 strip cable ends

Step 3 untwist wire ends

13
Step 4 arrange wires.

Step 5 trim wire to size

Step 6 attach connector

Step 7 Check up

14
 Step 8 crimping

Step 9 testing

3.4.2 Task 2 : How to configure Patch panel

A patch panel in a local area network (LAN) is a mounted hardware assembly that
contains ports used to connect and manage incoming and outgoing LAN cables.A
patch panel uses patch cords, a sort of jumper cable, to create each interconnection.
Patch panels are usually attached to network racks, either above or below network
switches.
Patch panels can be based on the number of ports they contain, with 48-port, 24-port
and 12-port panels among the most common. Patch panels are also designed for
specific cable specifications like cat 5e, cat 6, cat 6a and cat 7 cables.
A patch panel is an essential component of networking infrastructure. It helps in
organizing and managing the numerous network cables, running from the walls,
ceilings, or floors, where the network devices are located, such as switches, routers,
servers, and other networking devices.

15
Patch panels come in various types, including unshielded, shielded, and angled patch
panels. To configure a patch panel, follow these steps:

Step 1: Choose the Right Patch Panel

The first step to configuring a patch panel is to choose the right type of patch panel.
Consider your network requirements, cable type, and intended use. Pick a patch panel
that is compatible with your cables, such as CAT5, CAT6, or CAT7. Also, consider
the number of ports on the patch panel and whether it's a shielded or un shielded type.

Step 2: Organize Your Cables

To prepare your patch panel for installation, you need to organize your cables.
Untangle and arrange them in a way that makes it easy to identify them. You can use
cable ties or Velcro to bundle the cables together neatly.

Step 3: Label Your Cables

Labeling your cables helps you identify each cable when connecting it to the patch
panel. You can use a labeling machine or adhesive labels to mark each cable with a
unique identifier. Ensure that each label corresponds to the port on the patch panel it
will be connected to.

Step 4: Install the Patch Panel

Mount the patch panel on a rack, wall, or other appropriate surface. Ensure that the
patch panel is securely attached and leveled. Insert the patch cords into the patch
panel's ports and panels, taking care to match the labels on the cables with the labels
on the patch panel.

Step 5: Test Your Connections

After you've connected all your cables, it's essential to test your connections. Use a
cable tester to verify that each cable is connected to the right port. You can also use
the management software of your network devices to verify the connectivity.

16
Fig 4:patchpannel
3.4.3 Task 3: How to configure switch
A network switch is a small hardware device that joins multiple computers together
within one local area network (LAN). It is a piece of a physical circuitry component
that governs signal flow. A switch is a network device that selects a path or circuit for
sending a unit of data to its next destination.
A switch is a Layer 2 device in fact it is called a multi-port bridge, just like a hub is
called a multi-port repeater. The difference between the hub and switch is that
switches make decisions based on MAC addresses and hubs don't make decisions at
all. Because of the decisions that switch make, they make a LAN much more
efficient. They do this by "switching" data only out the port to which the proper host
is connected.

Fig.5 switch

We were also involved in switch configuration within this internship period. The
configuration has done by using cisco packet tracer. Switch configuration is very
important because different network is communicate by creating VLAN in switch and
also easily to maintain the network traffic.

17
We used this device to interconnecting networking devices. It can establish a direct
connection from the sender to the destination without passing the data traffic to other
networking devices.
Having a switch allows a connection to be opened or closed. A switch is a network
device that selects a path or circuit for sending a unit of data to its next destination.
3.4.4 Task 4: We observed AU data center
Data center a place where essential data are stored and here we have seen that,

AU ICT Directorate has 3 rooms

1. NOC room

2. Server room

3. Power House

1. Network Operations Center

Here we have that, a network operations center (NOC) is a centralized location where
IT teams can continuously monitor the performance and health of a disruptions and
failures.

Some key Network Operation activities are:

 Network monitoring.

 Incident response.

 Communications management (Email, voice, & video)

 Performance, quality, and optimization reporting.

 Software/firmware installation, trouble shooting and updating

of network elements.

 Patch management.

 Backup and storage.

 Firewall management.

18
2. Server room

What is a server?

A server is a device or program dedicated to providing services to other programs,

referred to as ‘clients. DNS clients, which are built into most modern desktop and
mobile operating systems, enable web browsers to interact with DNS servers.

Server room

Here we have seen that, a server room is a room used to store, power and operate
computer servers and their associated components. This room is part of a data center,
which typical houses several physical servers lined up together in different form
factors, such as rack mounted, or in tower or blade enclosures. A data center might
consist of several server rooms, each of which is used for separate applications and
services.

Used

A server room is any room dedicated to the purpose of storing, powering, and
operating computer servers through computer hardware. Common in modern office
buildings, server rooms are considered the smaller siblings of data center facilities.

Server rack

We have considered that, a server rack is a structure that is designed specifically to

house technical equipment including routers, switches, hubs, and of course, servers.
The rack makes it possible to securely hold multiple pieces of equipment in one area.

Firewall

A Firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and
outgoing network traffic based on an organization's previously established security
policies. At its most

Basic, a firewall is essentially the barrier that sits between a private internal network
and the public Internet.

3. Power distribution unit(PDU)

What is PDU in data center?

19
By the strictest of definitions, a data center PDU is a power distribution unit designed
for the data center market. It is true, the term Data Center PDU, particularly its
capitalized format, has become synonymous with 'rack PDU' or 'rack power strip. ' It's
the device into which IT equipment eventually gets plugged.

3.5 The procedure we have been using while performing our work
task

The procedures we have seen in crimping UTP cables:

 Prepare all the materials needed

 Cut into the plastic sheath from the end of the cut cable.
 Unwind and pair the similar colors.
 Pinch the wires between your fingers and straighten them out as shown. The
color order is important to get correct
 Carefully push all 8 un-stripped colored wires into the RJ 45 connector.

 A view from the top: All the wires are all the way in. There are no short
wires
 check the cable

The procedures we have seen in configure the router

 Turn on the router

 connect your computer to the router
 launch a web browser and enter htttp://tplinkwifi.net
 click next to start the quick setup
 select Access point and follow the step-by-step instruction of the Quick
setup to set up the internet connection
 Then press the finish button
The procedure we have seen in access patch pannel configuration
Gather Tools and Materials
 Tools
 Cable stripper/cutter
 Punch-down tool (for punch-down patch panels)
 Crimping tool (if using RJ45 connectors)
 Cable tester

20
  Materials:
 Patch panel (with appropriate number of ports)
 UTP cables (Cat5e, Cat6, etc.)
 RJ45 connectors (if applicable)
 Cable management accessories (like Velcro straps or cable ties)
 Determine the number of devices you need to connect.
 Decide on the location of the patch panel within your network setup.
 Label the ports on the patch panel according to your network design.
 Cut the UTP cables to the required lengths.
 Strip about 1-2 inches of the outer insulation from both ends of each cable.
 Untwist the pairs and arrange them according to either T568A or T568B
wiring standards.
 For Punch-Down Patch Panels:
 Insert Wires
 Punch Down Wires
 Trim Excess Wires
 Attach Connectors
 Crimp Connectors
 Connect to Network Devices
 Label Everything
 Test Connections
 Organize and Secure Cables
 Finalize Setup
The procedures we have seen in Access switch configuration
 Switch in different mode depends on commands
 Set Host name and Configure Console password
 Create and Configure VLAN on Access switch
 Assign ports to different VLANS and Ethernet channel configuration
then save and exit
3.5.1 The steps we follow to perform our task during internship
To do our work task in this internship program we used different
approaches. We have draft general procedure to perform our work task while
we were performing our work task. We have also draft working procedures

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in each day, we were taking short notes in our notebook when we see new
things in the work task.

 General procedures for performing our task First,

 We gathered information about our task to do. Then we made
some analyzes for the task.
 After this, we have prepared our plan, which include how and
when to finish the task
 Then we have implemented our assumed plan accordingly.
 Lastly, we made a backward check mechanism to see how our
work and plan going on.

3.6 How good you have been in performing your work task
In our first two or three weeks of our internship, we was been dependent on our
advisor who is responsible to train us but later we gained more experience of
we try to do things on our own way. But it is important that you make good
impression of work. If we make a good impression on our work, he is more
likely to give me more responsibility which can lead to promotion and raises.

Sometimes we made mistake at a work which everyone is inevitable does at

some point. Some of the mistake we face while we was taking a installization or
checking an alignment was corrected by the our advisor. Since we are working
with our advisor. But the most important thing is we do not ignore our errors or
we do not want to place the blame on others rather than our self. Because it‟s us
who take responsibility and we have to come up with solution to fix our
mistake. our advisor may not be too happy about it, but he will at least be
impressed with our response.

We mostly want to concentrate on things that are related to our work activity’s
and try to avoid topics which may not help us to make a good impression at
work. But it will keep us from making a bad one. Subject that do not make for
good work place conversion including, political, religion, health problems and
other personal issues should be avoided, this factors are responsible to make the
work efficiency and work process more less.

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Managing our time effectively is crucial thing to our work. our ability to
complete our work in a timely manner will help us to be more lovable and more
believable to our jobs. we should demonstrate that we know how to manage our
time effectively by handling project when or even before our deadline. But there
are some things that greatly influence how to manage our time as well as the
working progress. Some of these factors are scarcity of material, nature of the
work, lack of skilled.

Finally in network installation work a team work is more crucial. Since it needs
a different number of people who are skilled with different disciplines. This
team work is crucial for our effectiveness as working as supervisors or
managing the works. Even if we are not in management or leadership role yet,
better understanding a team work can make more effective employee. The other
crucial element of team work success is that all the team effort are directed
toward the same clear goals, the team goals relies heavily on a good
communication in the team and the harmony In member relationship.

3.7. Material used in installation

3.7.1. Tools Used for Network Installation

We have used different tools for network installation
Switch: We have used switch to join multiple computers together within one
local area network. It can establish a direct connection from the sender to the
destination without passing the data traffic to other networking devices.
Having a switch allows a connection to be opened or closed. A switch is a
network device that selects a path or circuit for sending a unit of data to its next
destination.
It provides a centralized connection. There are different types of switches we
are going to use in one organization.

1. Layer-2 Switches: These types of switches have no configuration interface

or options. They are just plug and play. They are typically the least
expensive and slow speed.

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2. Layer-3 Switches: These types of switches have configuration interface, so
we can configure as we want. It is flexible, have high speed and high
security.

Figure 2.1 layer-3 switch

RJ-45 (A register jack (RJ)) connector: is a standardized physical network

interface for connecting telecommunications or data equipment.In RJ-45,
“RJ” is stands for "registered jack", it is a standardized networking interface,
“45" is refers to the number of the interface standard. Each RJ-45 connector
has eight pins. Ethernet cable has eight wires with eight different colors.

Each pin of RJ-45 must be match with each color of Ethernet cable to
transfer data.

Figure 2.2 RJ45 connector

Crimping tools
We used this device for crimping an Ethernet cable after we finish possible order of
the color for straight through and crossover using RJ-45. The major function for

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which it is designed is to crimp or connect a connector to the end of a network cable.

Driller: We used this device for drill the wall in order to connect the trunk.
Drilling machines are mainly used to originate through or blind straight
cylindrical holes in solid rigid bodies and/or enlarge (coaxially) existing
holes:

• of different diameter ranging from about 1 mm to 40 mm

• of varying length depending upon the requirement and the diameter of the
drill
In different materials excepting very hard or very soft materials like rubber,
polythene etc.

Figure2.11 driller machine

Patch Panel: It is used to organize the UTP cables systematically. It doesn’t

interfere in data signal.

A patch panel in a local area network (LAN) is a mounted hardware assembly that
contains ports used to connect and manage incoming and outgoing LAN cables.A
patch panel uses patch cords, a sort of jumper cable, to create each interconnection.
Patch panels are usually attached to network racks, either above or below network
switches.
Patch panels can be based on the number of ports they contain, with 48-port, 24-port
and 12-port panels among the most common. Patch panels are also designed for
specific cable specifications like cat 5e, cat 6, cat 6a and cat 7 cables.

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 Figure 2.3 Patch Panel

Puncher: The "punch down" part of the name comes from punching a wire
into place using an impact action.

Figure 2.4 puncher

Rack: is a metal frame used to hold various hardware devices such as

switches, cable, server and other electronic equipment.

Figure 2.5 Rack

Floor Box: a type of electrical box that is installed in the

floor. They are used for provide power and/or data
connections to device in the room or space.

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 Figure 2.6 floor box

Conduit: it is a tube used to protect and route electrical wiring and ethernet cable in
a building or stricture. Electrical conduit may be made of metal, fiber, plastic, or fired
clay. Most conduit is rigid, but flexible conduit is used for some purpose.

Figure 2.7 conduit

Ethernet Wall Plate: an Ethernet port is installed in the wall of your home or office
to provide an easy for you to plug in a network cable for connecting to the internet.
The port consists of two RJ45 connectors one on the wall and one on the end of the
cable which is then connected viva an 8-pin connector.

Figure 2.8 Ethernet Wall Plate

Trunk sticking

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 Trunk sticking :- in this phase sticking cable trunk in each floor on the building
( four floor ).

 The thickness of the trunk is 25*1.5 meter.

Fissure (expenditure pipe)

We used this device to hold screws of different size.

Screwdriver: - This tool are used to drive the bolt to tin the trunk with wall

Fig 9: Screwdriver

3.8. The overall benefits gained from the internship

Our internship time has been the most educating and challengeable time we
believe that every intern had their own expectation about working in network
installation. The benefit of internship can be expressed from different
perspectives. This are in improving practical skills, theoretical skills,

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interpersonal communicating skills, team playing skills, leadership skills ,
upgrading software and work ethics. Really this internship program has many
advantages some of these are as follows:-

3.8.1 In terms of improving our practical skill

We have got basic practical knowledge about network and network materials such as:-

• Crimping network cable

• Network installation

• How to configure router

• Network infrastructure

• how to configure switch

• Data Center

3.8.2. In terms of upgrading our Theoretical skill

In most educational program in previous 4 years of study, have taken various courses
in the class. This internship program has good opportunity for Electrical and computer
engineering students to advance and more improve the theoretical knowledge that
have gained during their study from Ambo University. Therefore, during this
internship the students have been able to understood and upgraded their theoretical
knowledge in visible practice from the network installation. Some of them are:-

 We have learned about seven layer

 We differenciate the layer which the router found and switch
 We learned whats about router
 We learned about switch
 We learned about network cable

3.8.3. In terms of improving interpersonal communication skill

On a daily basis I work with people who have different opinions, values,
beliefs and needs than us to be seen in practice and this internship program
helped us to increase our communication skill with all of these peoples and
also helps us to increase our ability to exchange ideas with those people. we
also develop this two core things for communication the other thing I also
learned from this internship is

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  How to communicate with different peoples with different
profession
 How to communicate with our supervisor

3.8.4. In Terms of Improving Team Playing Skill

It is the way how to cooperate with different people. Team playing allows us to
make friends and enjoy a better social experience when studding and working. In
network it is very important to play as a team. If there are disagreements between
any parties which are participated in the project it is very difficult to go ahead with
the network installation works. Knowing this we have developed team work
playing skill both by practicing and observing during our internship. In the first
weeks we worked hard to participate on team works. This time was completely
wonder full in developing our team playing skills, and much more all the tasks I
have been handling were team works.
Skills that we developed for being good team player:

 We learned how team works create collaboration among team

members.
 Develop friendship among the teams and others.
 Develop knowledge through many sharing different ideas openly.

 Team members must know how to examine team and individual

errors without making personal attacks.
 The team member should express their opinion without any fear.
 The must be good information gather about the work.
 To listen to question and concerns other suggested ideas.
 To learn from other sharing ideas and motivating.
 We learned that how team works create trust between team members.

3.8.5. In terms of improving leadership skills

Since engineering projects are typically done by teams, an engineer needs a
good communication skills and leadership qualities. During our internship
time, we tried to be able identify leadership skills, styles and ability.

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That is:-

 How to use man power ,computers and networks to increase the

level of productivity and the gains in cost reduction in the future
works.
 Helps us how to manage the project and general work flow of the
project like work flow of the project, responsibility, authority and
unity of command from top to bottom of the company.
Generally we have gained the knowledge to be a good leader of project or we
have learnt from things how we can lead if we seat in once position. Like
Forman or project manager.

3.8.6 In terms of understanding about work ethics

In every profession, there are ethics to be followed. These rules help workers
maintain appropriate professional discipline. Without these ethics, it would
be difficult to conduct ones work effectively. There is human resourse
discipline that each worker should observe and respect. These could relate to
norms, mode of carrying out a work, protection of the property and means of
working and managing activities. Failure to observe such ethical rules would
result in penalty which ranges from suspension to dismissal. Thus workers
are expected to observe professional rules so as to be more productive and to
establish good support with other workers. Work ethics have the following
components

 Productivity
 Attitude
 Professional relation ship
 Self-management and punctuality
 Honesty
 Respecting to take unfair advantage

Among the above work ethics we learned many things but the most
important thing we learned is punctuality it is a very important weapon for
work it is not only coming to the work place on time but also being available
during working hours if a scarification of time is needed from our personal

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time, meeting deadlines for the work to go smoothly, Handling property in
better ways.

Work ethics such as honesty (not lying, chatting and stealing), doing a job
well, valuing what one does having a sense of purpose and filling /being a
pert a greater vision or plan is vital. Philosophically if one does not have
proper work ethic, a person‟s concise may be bothered people for the most
part have good work ethics/; we should not only want to do, but work to do
the proper thing in a given situation. Work ethics are intrinsic. The
company that we have internship program have put with a document the right
and regulation of workers

In every our activities we follow all the regulation of the company because of
these we improve our work ethics skills on our work tasks, such as
 Friend well relation with the whole workers.
 Come in the morning on time before the work started.
 Follow the rule on the production and on the usage of network
material.
 Never do bad thing that put negative sign on the project.
 Cooperation: - being interactive and cooperate with the others.

 Office discipline: - in work place you don‟t have to disturb the

working condition.
 Punctuality: - means keeping the companies work beginning time to
compete the given task on the given period.
 Accountability: - accountability is a key requirement of good
engineers.
 Open mindedness: - we have to be open minded since it makes the
work to be done understandably.
 Professional ethics: - refers to the standards or a set of moral
principles for regulating behaviors of a certain defined profession.

3.8.7. In terms of updating software

There is much software available which are used in our practice. Due to the
technological revolution, the numbers of software serving needs are

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 increasing. So there are much software used in the designing physical
topology and logical topology . Some example of software;

 Microsoft Visio
 Cisco Packet tracer
 Edrew max wondershare

CHAPTER FOUR
Challenges and Contribution
4.1 Challenges we have been facing while performing our work task
We faced many challenges during the internship. The following problems were
identified and interrupt us during our practices in the organization. Those challenges
are:
• Shortage of staffs to guide us.
• Power fluctuation.
• Lack of materials for practice such as switch, router, fiber and server.
• Workers do not have interest to help students.
• The problem of persons on management on payment.
• Shortage of finance from our institute.
• There are material limitations at the beginning time of our internship
and there is no computer lab given to us practice more.
• Lack of Punctuality: - is the big problem in our field practice period because
the staff members are not getting on time.
• Some of Employees within the campus are not voluntary to share their talent
to us.
• Lack of technical help

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4.2 What the measure we have taken in order to overcome these
challenge
The only main solution we took in the lack of computer lab, we bring our own PC to
our home and we used it to document our work and this solved the problem.

Since we must attend in both shifts, we gave all our time to the internship and we
performed as their instruction. As we said earlier, there is no such a technical from
the staff and we discussed to work together and we developed our skill

Chapter 5

Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1. Conclusion
Internship Program helps us to know several things. The program upgrades our
practical skills in electrical and computer engineering.The practical attachment that i
have done for four months is an attractive work and intelligence activities for
professional field of my work career opportunity. This internship program helps us to
know and understand every aspect of the outside environment.
So, using this practical knowledge and skills that we got during internship have
helped us to create a soft environment to engage into our own business in future.

ICT center of Ambo University organization established for the purpose of guide
how to communicate among each sector of work. During stay in internships we have
observed so many professional activities and learn as well. This internship was very
fruitful to us because we had to know what we apply during installation.We also learn
new concepts and new ways of working.During this internship period we acquired
practical experience to complement the theoretical content for study in the
class,network cable installation,network cable punching and installation using
network materials.

In this internship program we tried to create a good relationship with employ\from

this we have learn’t good values and principles like politeness, respecting others,

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giving decision, punctuality, fulfilling responsibilities, giving a good attention to
others and like.

In generally, this practical attachment develops the ability, knowledge, experience and
skill of us to recognize relevant information to the society. So, we concluded that the
internship is good opportunity to the student to have enough knowledge that help
student in the future, and its good opportunity to know work environment and to
prepares themselves for the future goal and to have a good aim before graduation.

5.2. Recommendation
Working at Ambo University ICT center was a great experience for us. We had learnt
many things throughout internship period. It has a lot of employees and gives a good
opportunity to employees to change their living standard. In our internship program
we have tried to observe different things but we tried to give some recommendation
about the program. In our thinking we want to recommend them they must be
upgrade them knowledge about internship program for the student, the company and
to our country. we want to say something about Ambo University ICT center adviser
Mr. Kebebew Chala, he is very gentle man to guide and advice to internship students.
 The organization must prepare suitable room for the students.

 The workers have to be improving their punctuality. The co-ordination between

the high levels to the low level should be good to use latest software and devices
and to have more educated and experienced man power.

 AU of ICT center have a very few employee in network installation whereas the
work pressure is high. So the department could increase their work force and
share the work together. Secondly, to increase the rate of work efficiency they
need faster communication using internet computer with user.

 The ICT center should update or add more network features and appoint a
professional operator so that it might save time, money, labor and execute an
impact for the long run.

 They should have brought automatic generator for power loss problem

 They should have a documentation for all ICT parts that they have done

 They should have organized material

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 The number of users and provides of cable are not equal. So, they
should make equivalent of cables and user

 There should have standard cascade

5.3 Recommendations about Practical Attachment

We would like to recommend practical attachment is good way basic acquired
knowledge, however duration's of the practical one very short in the internships.
Because of many course require practices that we had learnt from 1 st to 4th year to
cover the theory one into practical. Such as application, maintenance, operating
system. So the department increases duration of internship period to cover all things,
and also assign advisors for the student for motivations.
The university should have to pay payment for all students equally being on time.

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References
I. Transmission Media (tutorialspoint.com)
II. More About Computer Maintenance and Networking - Lorain County
Community College (lorainccc.edu)
III. Fiber-optic cable - Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-
optic_cable)

IV. Memoire Online - Design, implementation and management of secured

LAN.

V. Ethernet wall port, https://computertechnician.com.au

VI. Conduit pipes - Wikipedia, https://en.lesson.com,

https://championfiberglass.com

VII. Floor box, https://electricalinstallationservices.co.uk

VIII. Guideline of the practical attachments that gives from school of

Informatics and Electrical Engineering
IX. Format &contohlaporanakhir
X. Turner, a.j. (1990), “tendering and estimating”, 7th ed. prentice: hall (m.s 66-
80)
XI. www.ambou.edu.et

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