GOVT. POLYTECHNIC, BEED.

2020-21

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the micro-project report “Collect the relavent technical &
commercial information of tools, equipment, vehicles & masonry used for
collection segregation transportation processing & disposal of solid waste with
specification.’’ was a successfully completed by Student of sixth semester
Diploma in Civil engineering.
Jadhav yashraj 1105.
Pathan junaid 1147.
Bagwan zuber 1168
Syed faisal 1169.

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Diploma in Civil
engineering & submitted to the Department of civil engineering of GOVT.
POLYTECHNIC, BEED Carried out during a period for the academic year 2020-

2021 as per curriculum.

SIGN OF GUIDE SIGN OF HOD

 PART-A

MICRO-PROJECT PROPOSAL

Subject & Sub Code: (SWM) - (22605) Batch : “I”

Title of Micro-Project:- Collect the relavent technical & commercial information of tools,
equipment, vehicles & masonry used for collection segregation transportation processing & disposal of
solid waste with specification

Rational:-Some countries have achieved considerable success in solid waste management. But the
rest of the world is grappling to deal with its wastes
Literature review:-
By Pooja Pawar:-
This literature review was conducted using databases and search engines including: the
University of Washington Library, Science Direct, JStor, PubMed, PLoS, Google Scholar, Google,
as well as the United Nations Environmental Program, the United Nations Population Fund
3. Action Plan:

Sr No. Details of Activity Planned Planned Name Of responsible

start Date finished team member
date
1 Collect the information 1/06/2021 10/06/2020 Pathan junaid
2 Collect the data 1/06/2021 10/06/2020 Pathan junaid
4. Resources required:

Sr No. Name of Specification Quantity Remark

resources/material

1 Reference Book 01
2 laptop 01
3 Wikipedia 01
5. Details Of Students Participating:

Sr No. Name Of Student Roll No.

1 Jadhav yashraj 1105

2 Pathan junaid 1147
3 Bagwan zuber 1168
4 Syed faisal 1169
 Part :B
Subject & sub. Code:- SWM (22605)

Title of micro project:-

Collect the relavent technical & commercial information of tools, equipment, vehicles &
masonry used for collection segregation transportation processing & disposal of solid waste
with specification

Rational:-
Some countries have achieved considerable success in solid waste management. But the
rest of the world is grappling to deal with its wastes. In these places, improper management of
solid waste continues to impact public health of entire communities and cities; pollute local
water, air and land resources; contribute to climate change and ocean plastic pollution; hinder
climate change adaptation; and accelerate depletion of forests and mines.

Compared to solid waste management, we can consider that the world has achieved
significant success in providing other basic necessities like food, drinking water, energy and
economic opportunities. Managing solid wastes properly can help improve the above services
further. Composting organic waste can help nurture crops and result in a better agricultural
yield. Reducing landfilling and building sanitary landfills will reduce ground and surface water
pollution which can help provide cleaner drinking water. Energy recovery from non-
recyclable wastes can satiate significant portion of a city’s energy requirement.

Course outcome Integrated:-

To know what is the solid waste management.
To know the advantages of solid waste management.
To know which steps are used for the solid waste management in the various cities
and various nation.
Actual procedure followed:-
First of all we select the topic of micro project .
Then we collect the required information to complete the project.
Then we get the laptop and prepared a micro project of SWM.

Literature review:-
BY NISHANT A. UPADHYE:- ( PAPER OF Economic Scenario )

India is known as one of the most heavily settled countries in the world. It appears to be
the second country to have the highest number of residents. With the total population of about
expected data 1.37 billion in 2019. The management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in India
has encountered problems.

Each year, the population grew by 3–3.5%, as this factor arises, the rate of solid waste
generation also rise up to 1.3% in Aligarh city, Uttar Pradesh a large number of ingenious
factors like, rapid urbanization, rapid population density, rapid commercialization, uneven living
standards and also enlargement of industrialization has created destructive consequences in
terms of biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste generations which are estimated at
about 415 tons per day.

BY POOJA PAWAR:- ( SWM REFERANCE BOOK)

This paper emphasizes the waste characteristics, techniques, adverse environmental

impacts, health risks, poor waste management practices and also problems associated with the
solid waste management system at the municipal level.

Brief description :-
Municipal authorities shall establish and maintain storage facilities in such a manner as they do not create
unhygienic and insanitary condition around it

Following criteria shall be taken into account while establishing and maintaining storage facility
Storage faccilty shall be created and established by taking into account quantity of waste generation in
a given area and in population density
A storage facility shall be so placed that it is accessible to user:

Storage facilities to be set up by municipal authorities or any other agency shall be so

designed that waste stored are not exposed to open atmosphere and shall be
aesthetically acceptable and user friendly.
 II. Storage facilities or bins shall have easy to operate design for handeling transfer
and transportation of waste bins for storage of bio-degradable waste shall be
painted green those for storage of recyclable wastes shall be printed white and
those for storage of other waste shall be printed back.

Method of collection of solid waste:-

House to house collection I.
Curb system
II. Alley system III.
Set out service

Back yard service

B. Storage bin system

House to house collection :-

In house to house collection refuse generated and stored in individual premises is
collected by several method. The various house to house collection method are given below.

curb system :-

The house owner is responsible for placing the refuse containers at the curb on the
scheduled day
When the workman from refuse vehicles collects and empty the container in the vehicle
and place them back at the curb.
The house owner is required to take back the empty containers to his house
2 Alley service:-
The containers are placed at the alley line from where they are picked up by workman
from refuse vehicles who deposite back the empty container

set out service:-

The workers with refuse vehicles collect the container from individual houses.
And empty the container in refuse vehicle.
Then empty the container are collected by the house owner.

set out set back service:-

In this system set out men go to individual collect the containers and empty them in the
refuse vehicle
Another group person return them to house owner yard
Back yard service:-
The workers with the vehicles carry a bin or wheel barrow ETC to the yard.
Empty the refuse container in the bin or wheel barrow.
The wheel barrow or bin is then taken refuse vehicle it is emptied.

Storage bin system:-

In the storage waste is collected at specific point or in the bin provided by municipal
authorities
The bins are made up of galvanized iron mild steel R C C etc
Bins are placed at suitable location
The house owner or worker street sweeper Etc stores the waste in these bins
This waste is then collected by vehicle and are taken to disposal or treatment site
Following are the various tools and equipments are used in Solid waste
management
1. Litter bin
2. Hand cart
3. Pedal tricycles
4. Movable bin
5. Stationary bin
6. Broom
7. Shovels
8. Mechanical road sweeper

1 litter bin:-
A litter bin is waste container for storage of waste temporary
It is usually made up of metal or plastic these arre also called as dustbin the dustbin usually are
of 3 types
Trash cane-made up of metal or plastic
Dumpsters- made up of plastic
Wheels bins- usually made up of plastic
The bins are common for both accomposable and non decomposable waste
The normal capacity of bin for household collection should be 240 liters
hand cart:-
Hand cart are used for household as well as commercial units.
These are suitable for collection of waste in congested and narrow streets
Worker can push the cart easily and haul the solid waste to either movable or fixed bins.
The usual size of bin is about 0.4 sq m and its capacity is 200 kg of MSW.

3 pedal tricycles:-
Pedal trickles are also used for transfer of waste these are made up of metal a box is made or
sometimes it is provided with several bins for collection of waste.
Pedal trickle can laid up to 1.5 sq m pedal tricycle is efficient and produced no negative impact on
environment.
Movable bin:-
In this container are taken to disposal site and they were emptied their and returned back to
transfer station the container or large size are used for the purpose
This system is flexible depending upon amount and type of waste to be transported container of
different size and shape can be used.

5 Stationary bin :-

In this system bins are not transported from their location but are emptied into a
container on the truck depending upon size of waste and quantity of waste bin size is
decided the collection procedure is carried out mechanically or manually.
For mechanical collection driver and person is required for loading waste but in manually loaded
system two additional laboures are required for loading the waste.

broom:-

Broom are the excellent tools for collecting dust and sand as well as sweeping leaves and
litter from unpaved surface normally two types of broom are used to collect waste
one is having bunches of sort filaments and second type is in which bunches of long
filaments are inserted in to wooden sestion.
shovels :-
Shovels are used to pick material and to place it in a container
Showel is made up of plastic or metal
Normally metal shovels are used to remove material stick to paved areas
Metal shovales are heaviour than plastic shovel but are more durable than plastic shovel

Mechanical road sweeper:-

A street sweeper or street cleaner may refer to a person's occupation, or a machine that cleans streets. A
street sweeper cleans the streets, usually in an urban area.
Street sweepers have been employed in cities since sanitation and waste removal became a
priority.
A street-sweeping person would use a broom and shovel to clean off litter, animal waste and filth that
accumulated on streets. Later, water hoses were used to wash the streets.
Actual resource used:-
Sr No. Name of Specification Quantity Remark
resources/material

1 Reference Book 01
2 laptop 01
3 Wikipedia 01

Skill developed:-
After completion of this project we can understand the type of vehicles used in disposal of solid waste
management.
After completed this project we know the layout of disposal of solid waste management treatment plant
We can understand the process of disposal of solid waste management.
We know about various machinery used for solid waste management plant.
We can understand the factors affecting on collection of solid waste management.

Application of this micro project:-

The goal of simple debris removal did not change until the 1970s, when policymakers
begun to reflect concern for water quality. In the United States, the lag time in which street
sweepers responded can be pinpointed to the Runoff Report of 1998. As older street sweepers
were only effective in removing large particles of road debris, small particles of debris remained
behind in large quantities.

The remaining debris was not seen as an aesthetic issue because rain would wash
them away. Today, small particles are known to carry a substantial portion of the storm water
pollutant load.

Storage facilities to be set up by municipal authorities or any other agency shall be so

designed that waste stored are not exposed to open atmosphere and shall be aesthetically
acceptable and user friendly.

Storage facilities or bins shall have easy to operate design for handeling transfer and
transportation of waste bins for storage of bio-degradable waste shall be painted green
those for storage of recyclable wastes shall be printed white and those for storage of other
waste shall be printed back.
Area of future improvement:-

After completion of this project we tries to disposal of solid waste has become one of
the biggest challenges of public management in Brazil, in view of the serious environmental
impacts generated by the "dumps" (final disposal of waste outside specifications and
without sanitary control) or by the drain of regular landfill capacity

The debate regarding the promotion of solid waste sector has been growing in
recent years because of greater concern regarding the proper disposal of it, avoiding
significant environmental impacts and adverse effects on human health.

In Brazil, the disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is still a major problem.
According to the Overview of Solid Waste in Brazil, published by the Brazilian Association of
Public Cleaning (ABRELPE), in 2010 Brazil generated approximately 60 millions of tons/year of
solid waste. Only half of this waste is destined for sanitary landfill.