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Chapter 10A Notes Packet Lesson 1

Chapter 10A discusses polynomials and their graphs, focusing on symmetry, end behavior, and methods for graphing polynomials in both factored and non-factored forms. It explains the characteristics of even and odd functions, how to determine their symmetry algebraically and graphically, and the significance of the leading coefficient in understanding end behavior. Additionally, the chapter includes examples and homework problems to reinforce these concepts.

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14 views8 pages

Chapter 10A Notes Packet Lesson 1

Chapter 10A discusses polynomials and their graphs, focusing on symmetry, end behavior, and methods for graphing polynomials in both factored and non-factored forms. It explains the characteristics of even and odd functions, how to determine their symmetry algebraically and graphically, and the significance of the leading coefficient in understanding end behavior. Additionally, the chapter includes examples and homework problems to reinforce these concepts.

Uploaded by

rupalpatel0000
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 10A: Polynomials and their Graphs

Topic 1: Symmetry and End Behavior of Graphs

Topic 2: Graphing Polynomials (in factored form)

Topic 3: Graphing Polynomials (not in factored form)

Topic 4: Long Division of Polynomials

Topic 5: Remainder Theorem


Topic 1: Symmetry and End Behavior
Odd & Even Functions: by Symmetry
Functions are considered EVEN if they are symmetrical about the y-axis
Example: 𝑦 = 𝑥 2

Functions are considered ODD if they are symmetrical about the origin
Example: 𝑦 = 𝑥 3

Examples: Determine if the following functions are odd, even, or neither based on their graph. Explain your
thinking.

1. 2.

3. 4.
Odd & Even Functions: Algebraically
Definitions:
A function is EVEN if 𝒇(−𝒙) = 𝒇(𝒙)
The equation does not change if 𝑥 is replaced with (−𝑥)
A function is ODD if 𝒇(−𝒙) = −𝒇(𝒙)
Every term in the equation changes sign when replaced with (−𝑥)
If NEITHER of these statements is true, then the function is neither odd nor even.

Examples: Determine if the following functions are odd, even, or neither algebraically.
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 2 2. 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1

3. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 4. ℎ(𝑥) = 4𝑥 5 + 1

5. 𝑔(𝑥) =
3
6. 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 3 − 𝑥
𝑥 2 +4
What does/doesn’t a polynomial function graph look like?
Polynomial functions of any degree (linear, quadratic, or higher-degree) must have graphs that are smooth
and continuous. There can be no sharp corners on the graph. There can be no breaks in the graph; you
should be able to sketch the entire graph without picking up your pencil.
Polynomial function Not a polynomial function
 Smooth, rounded turns  Sharp Turn
 Continuous  Discontinuous

End Behavior
The behavior of the graph of a function to the far left or far right is called the end behavior. Although the graph of a
polynomial function may have intervals where it increases or decreases, the graph will eventually continue to
positive or negative infinity on both ends, without bound, as it rises or falls.
The end behavior of the function is determined by the term with the highest power.
General Guidelines:
When the highest power is EVEN:
With a positive coefficient: With a negative coefficient:

When the highest power is ODD:


With a positive coefficient: With a negative coefficient:
Examples:
1. Which graph has the following characteristics?
 As 𝑥 → ∞, 𝑓(𝑥) → ∞

 As 𝑥 → −∞, 𝑓(𝑥) → −∞

2. Use the leading coefficient test to determine the end behavior of the graph of 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 𝑥 3 − 3

3. Use the leading coefficient test to determine the end behavior of the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = −4𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 2

4. Use the leading coefficient test to determine the end behavior of the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 3)2

5. Use the leading coefficient test to determine the end behavior of the graph of ℎ(𝑥) = 3 − 𝑥
Topic 1 Homework: Symmetry & End Behavior
1. Determine if the following functions are odd, even, or neither. Explain your reasoning.

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

2. Algebraically determine if the following functions are odd, even, or neither.


(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 3 + 𝑥 (b) 𝑔(𝑥) = 6𝑥 2 + 5𝑥

(c) ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 4 (d) 𝑓(𝑥) =


2𝑥 3
𝑥 2 −7

(e) 𝑔(𝑥) = √2𝑥 2 + 4 3𝑥 4


(f) ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 +5
6. Use the leading coefficient test to determine the end behavior of the graph of 𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 + 3𝑥 2

7. Use the leading coefficient test to determine the end behavior of the graph of 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 7𝑥 2 + 3

8. Use the leading coefficient test to determine the end behavior of the graph of
𝑔(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 6) − (2𝑥 − 7)

9. Which of the following does not represent the graph of a function. Explain your reasoning.

10. Given the partially filled out table below for f  x  , fill out the rest of it based on the function type.

(a) Even (b) Odd

x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3

y 5 7 4 4 y 5 7 0 4

11. Half of the graph of f  x  is shown below. Sketch the other half based on the function type.

(a) Even y (b) Odd y

x x
12. If f  x  is an even function and f  3  5 then what is the value of 4 f  3  2 f  3 ?

(1) 30 (3) 10

(2) 60 (4) 6

13. Which of the following functions is even?.

(1) y  x 2  4 x (3) y  9  x 2

(2) y  x  6 (4) y  4 x

14. Even functions have symmetry across the y-axis. Odd function have symmetry across the origin. Can
a function have symmetry across the x-axis? Why or why not?

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