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ICSE G+07 Decimal+Fractions Notes

The document covers the concepts of decimal fractions, including conversion between fractions and decimals, operations on decimals (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), and types of decimals (terminating, non-terminating, recurring). It also discusses rounding off decimals and significant figures. Key methods for performing operations with decimals and understanding decimal places are outlined.

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14 views10 pages

ICSE G+07 Decimal+Fractions Notes

The document covers the concepts of decimal fractions, including conversion between fractions and decimals, operations on decimals (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), and types of decimals (terminating, non-terminating, recurring). It also discusses rounding off decimals and significant figures. Key methods for performing operations with decimals and understanding decimal places are outlined.

Uploaded by

gothiprerna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Notes :

Decimal Fractions
Topics to be Covered

1 Conversion of Fractions into Decimals


and Vice-versa

2 Decimal Fraction and Decimal


Places

Operations on Decimals

3 3.1 Addition and subtraction of decimals


3.2 Multiplication of decimals
3.3 Division of decimals

Terminating, Non-Terminating and


4 Recurring decimal

Rounding off Decimals and


5 Significant Figures
1. Conversion of Fractions into
Decimals and Vice-versa

• Convert the denominator to the power of 10.


• Add decimal point in the numerator based on
the zeroes in the denominator.
Fraction to Decimal

14 28
→ → 2.8
5 10

Decimal to Fraction
• Remove the decimal point and add zeroes in the
denominator as the number of digits in the
decimal part.
• Simplify the fraction if possible.

2. Decimal Fraction and Decimal


Places

A decimal fraction is a fraction whose denominator can


be expressed as a power of 10.

3 3 × 125 375
= =
8 8 × 125 1000
2. Decimal Fraction and Decimal
Places

8 4 2 3 5 7
Decimal
Integral part point Decimal part

Like decimals Unlike decimals


Decimals having same Decimals having unequal
number of decimal places number of decimal places
E.g., 0.25, 34.49, 999.99 E.g., 0.25, 34.4, 999.999

The number of digits that follow the decimal point is


called the number of decimal places.

3. Operations on Decimals

3.1 Addition and subtraction of decimals

• Step 1: Note down the numbers with the decimal


points lined up. Put in zeros if needed, so that the
numbers have the same decimal places.
• Step 2: Add or subtract and copy the decimal point
directly below in the answer.

Add: 48.56 and 32.756 Subtract: 823.2 from 965.25


4 8 .5 6 0 9 6 5 .2 5
+ 3 2 .7 5 6 − 8 2 3 .2 0
81. 316 1 4 2 .0 5
3. Operations on Decimals

3.2 Multiplication of decimals

Multiplying decimals by 10, 100 and 1000

• When the multiplier is 10, 100 or 1000, we move the


decimal point to the right by as many places as the
number of zeroes after 1 in the multiplier.

9 . 6 1 7 x 10 = 96.17

9 . 6 1 7 x 100 = 961.7

9 . 6 1 7 x 1000 = 9617.0

Multiplying decimals by a whole number


and by decimals

Count the
Add the Put the decimal
Multiply number of
number of point in the
both digits to the
digits product by
number right of the
counted for counting the
as whole decimal point
decimal digits from its
numbers in both
point. rightmost place
decimals
3. Operations on Decimals

By whole 1.25 2 decimal places


number: × 15 + 0 decimal places
625 2 decimal places
+125
1 8.7 5

By decimal 6.25 2 decimal places


number: × 2.5 + 1 decimal places
3125 3 decimal places
+ 1250
15.625

3.3 Division of decimals

Division of decimals by 10, 100, and 1000

When we divide any number shift the decimal point to the


left by as many digits as there are zeroes in the divisor.

43.21 43.21 043.21


= 4.321 = 0.4321 = 0.04321
1 10 2
10 10 3
3. Operations of Decimals

Division of decimals by whole number

Divide the decimal by a whole number in a simple


manner and mark the decimal point in the quotient
by crossing over the decimal point in the dividend.

129
20.64 16 2064 20.64
− 16 = 1.29
16 16
46
−32
144
− 144
0

Division of decimals by another decimal

129
20.64 20.64 × 10 206.4 16 2064 = 12.9
1.6 1.6 × 10 16 − 16
46
• Convert divisor into a whole −32
number by multiplying a 144
suitable number of zeroes. −144
0
4. Terminating, Non-Terminating,
and Recurring decimal

Terminating Non-terminating Recurring decimal


decimal decimal Remainder repeat
Remainder ≠ 0
Remainder = 0 itself
1.9685
7.94 7 13.78 0.333
4 31.76 −7 3 1 .000
− 28 67 −9
37 − 63 10
− 36 48 −9
16 − 42
10
− 16 60 −9
− 56 1.. and so on
0
40
− 35
5.. and so on

5. Rounding off Decimals


and Significant Figures

To round off up to two decimal places:

4.23724 4.23424
Digit ≥ 5 Digit < 5
+1 to the last required digit No change
4.24 4.23
5. Rounding off Decimals and
Significant Figures

Significant
Example
figures

The position of decimal 5.02, 502,


is disregarded 3
50.2, 0.502

All zeroes in between the


5.02 3
numerals are counted

All zeroes after the last


numeral are counted 5.020 4

The zeroes preceding


the first numeral are not 0.0502 3
counted
Mind Map
Decimal Decimal
Fractions places

Decimal
fraction

Significant
Figures

Terminating, Non-
Terminating and Rounding off
Recurring decimal Decimals

Conversion Operations

Addition

Subtraction
Decimal Fraction
Multiplication

Division

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