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The document provides a comprehensive overview of respiration in organisms, including definitions of key terms such as aerobe, respiration, and breathing. It explains the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, as well as the mechanisms of breathing in humans and other organisms. Additionally, it addresses the importance of energy in living organisms and outlines the processes involved in respiration.

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11 views

Respiration in Organism copy

The document provides a comprehensive overview of respiration in organisms, including definitions of key terms such as aerobe, respiration, and breathing. It explains the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, as well as the mechanisms of breathing in humans and other organisms. Additionally, it addresses the importance of energy in living organisms and outlines the processes involved in respiration.

Uploaded by

ipooja.shukla1980
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

By: Er.

ADITYA KUMAR

GARDENIA PUBLIC SCHOOL


Respiration in organism
Class 7

I. Define the following :-


1. Aerobe: An organism, typically a microorganism or a cell, that can thrive and grow in
the presence of oxygen.

2. Life function: It refers to the fundamental processes and activities that organism
undergo and maintain life and sustain their existence.

3. Diffusion: It refers to the spontaneous movement of molecule, ions, or particles from


an area of higher concentration to the area of lower concentration.

4. Breathing rate: The number of times a person breathes in a minute is termed as


breathing rate.

5. Breathing: It is a process by which organism take in oxygen and give out carbon
dioxide.

6. Lenticels: They are porous tissue on the bark of a plant with large intercellular space.

7. Rib cage: Ribs form a cage like structure called rib cage.

8. Diaphragm: A large muscular sheet called diaphragm forms the floor of the chest
cavity.

9. Respiration: Respiration involves a series of chemical reaction by which a living cell


obtain energy for its various life functions.

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By: Er. ADITYA KUMAR

II. Give reasons for the following:-


1. Why do we get muscle cramps after heavy exercise?
When our body undergoes vigorous muscular activity, like during heavy exercise,
lactic acid is produced which can cause muscle cramps.

2. Why is the left lung a little smaller than the right lung?
The left lung is a little smaller than the right lung because it shares space with the
heart.

3. Why do living organisms need energy, and where does this energy come from?
All living organisms need energy to do work for the various processes. This energy
comes from the food which we eat.

4. Is breathing voluntary or involuntary?


The breathing movements are involuntary but to some extent one can increase or
decrease the rate of breathing voluntarily.

III. Differentiate between the following:-

a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration


Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration
1. It takes place in the presence of 1. It takes place in the absence of
oxygen. oxygen.
2. It results in complete oxidation of 2. It results in incomplete oxidation
food. of food.
3. The end products are carbon 3. The end products are carbon
dioxide, water and energy. dioxide, ethyl alcohol and energy.
4. A large amount of energy is 4. A small amount of energy is
released. released.

5. 5.

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By: Er. ADITYA KUMAR

b) Inhalation and Exhalation


Inhalation Exhalation
1. The process of breathing in air is 1. The process of breathing out air is
called inhalation or inspiration. called exhalation or expiration.
2. It occurs mainly due to contraction 2. It occurs mainly due to relaxation
of the diaphragm. of diaphragm.

IV. Answer the following questions in brief:-


Q.1 Name the respiratory organ of humans.
Ans: In humans, the respiratory organs include nostrils, nasal cavity,
pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli,
lungs and diaphragm.

Q.2 How does respiration take place in plants?


Ans: The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place through the
stomata. During the day, plants absorb carbon dioxide through stomata,
perform the process of photosynthesis and releases oxygen. In the cells,
oxygen is used to break down glucose into carbon dioxide, water and energy.

Q.3 How does respiration occur in organisms, such as amoeba and


earthworms?
Ans: In organism, such as amoeba and earthworm, gaseous exchange occurs
by means of diffusion i.e. through the surface of their body via cell membrane.

Q.4 How does respiration occur in insects like cockroach and mosquitoes?
Ans: Insect like cockroaches and mosquitoes, breathe through a network of
air tubes called tracheae. Insects have a small openings on the sides of their
body. These openings are called as spiracles.

Q.5 How does respiration take place in fish?

3|Page
By: Er. ADITYA KUMAR
Ans: Fish have gills for breathing. Gills are projections of skin which are
supplied with a network of blood vessels.

Q.6 Write about the situation when aerobic respiration become crucial.
Ans: While engaging in physical exercise, the body requires more energy.
Aerobic respiration becomes crucial. This heightened energy demand by
producing the necessary ATP for both muscle contraction and maintaining
prolonged physical activity.

Q.7 Write the chemical formulas of the given compound –


i. Glucose
ii. Alcohol
iii. Carbon dioxide
iv. Oxygen
v. Water
Ans: Chemical Formula Chemical Name
1. C6H12O6 Glucose
2. C 2H 5OH Ethyl Alcohol
3. CO₂ Carbon dioxide
4. O2 Oxygen
5. H2O Water

V. Answer the following questions in detail:-


Q.1 Explain anaerobic respiration in yeast.
Ans: The alcoholic fermentation of sugar by yeast is very common
example of aerobic respiration where in the yeast convert glucose
(sugar) to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol in the presence of oxygen.
A little amount of energy is released which is used by each cell for
various activities.

Q.2 Where does plant take oxygen for the process of respiration?

4|Page
By: Er. ADITYA KUMAR
Ans: The leaves of plant have tiny pots which are called stomata.
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place through
stomata.

In hard and woody stems, the gaseous exchange take place through
lenticels.

Q.3 Explain mechanism of breathing in humans.


Ans: Breathing is a simple mechanical process and the first step in respiration. The
air is passed in and out of the lungs by alternate expansion and contraction of the
thoracic cavity. This occurs by the movement of intercostal and diaphragm muscles
which alter the volume of thoracic cavity.
Breathing occurs in the following two steps-
• Inhalation or inspiration (breathing in)
• Exhalation or expiration (breathing out)

Q.4 Which two process that are involved in the process of respiration? Write
about them.
Ans: There are two main steps in the process of respiration-
• Breathing- It is the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.
• Cellular respiration- The process in which food molecules are broken down
within the cells using oxygen and releasing energy. This is also called internal
respiration.

Q.5 How does respiration take place in human being?


Ans: The steps of respiration in human being are as follows-
• When we inhale, air enters our body through the nostrils. From nostrils, the air
containing oxygen goes into the nasal cavity.
5|Page
By: Er. ADITYA KUMAR
• From here it goes down the windpipe or trachea. The trachea divides into two
small tubes called bronchi.
• One bronchus enters each lung. Inside the lungs, each bronchus divides
repeatedly into a large number of small bronchus called bronchioles.

• Each bronchiole ends in a number of air sacs known as alveoli. The alveoli are
surrounded by network of very thin blood capillaries where the exchange of
gases takes place.

VI. Look at the given pictures and answer the following questions:-

Q.1 Where are the lungs present in human body?


Ans: The lungs are present in the chest cavity of human body.
Q.2 Name the mechanism shown in the picture.
Ans: Inhalation and Exhalation process in humans
Q.3 What amount of oxygen is inhaled and exhaled by human?
6|Page
By: Er. ADITYA KUMAR
Ans: The inhaled air contains about 21% oxygen and the exhaled air contains 16.4%
oxygen.

7|Page

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