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Physics invigilator File

The document is a Physics investigatory project titled 'Self-Inductance of a Coil' completed by a student in class XII A for the academic year 2024-2025. It includes sections such as a certificate, acknowledgment, aim, introduction, materials required, procedure, observations, analysis, conclusion, precautions, sources of error, and bibliography. The project aims to study the factors affecting self-inductance by analyzing its effect in a circuit with an adjustable AC source.

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sharmadivya.5913
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18 views16 pages

Physics invigilator File

The document is a Physics investigatory project titled 'Self-Inductance of a Coil' completed by a student in class XII A for the academic year 2024-2025. It includes sections such as a certificate, acknowledgment, aim, introduction, materials required, procedure, observations, analysis, conclusion, precautions, sources of error, and bibliography. The project aims to study the factors affecting self-inductance by analyzing its effect in a circuit with an adjustable AC source.

Uploaded by

sharmadivya.5913
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

School

Name

Physics Investigatory Project

NAME: Name
CLASS: XII A
SESSION: 2024-25

1|Page
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that

Name
has successfully completed his Physics
project titled

“Self – Inductance of a Coil”

under the supervision and guidance of


PHYSICS TEACHER

in the partial fulfillment of the Physics practical


assessment conducted during the
academic year
2024-2025.

EXAMINER TEACHER

2|Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my immense gratitude to


my Physics teacher for the
help and guidance he provided for completing this
project.

I also thank my parents who gave their ideas and


inputs in making this project. Most of all I thank
our school management, for providing us the
facilities and opportunity to do this project.

Lastly, I would like to thanks my classmates who


have done this project along with me. Their
support made this project fruitful.

- Name

3|Page
INDEX

CONTENT PAGE NO
Certificate 2
Acknowledgement 3
AIM 5
Introduction 6
Requirements 7
Circuit Diagram 8
Procedure 9
Observation 10
Analysis 11
Conclusion
12

Source of error 13
Precautions 13
Bibliography 14

4|Page
AIM

To study the factors affecting the self-inductance of a


coil by analyzing its effect when connected in series with
a resistor or bulb in a circuit powered by an AC source
of adjustable frequency.

5|Page
INTRODUCTION
Self-inductance is the property of a coil by which it opposes any change
in the current flowing through it. It is a fundamental concept in
electromagnetism and is widely used in electrical devices like
transformers, motors, and inductors.

Factors Affecting Self-Inductance:

 Number of Turns (N): More turns result in higher inductance.

 Area of the Coil (A): Larger cross-sectional areas increase


inductance.

 Length of the Coil (l): Inductance decreases as the length


increases.

 Core Material (μ): Permeability of the material inside the coil


affects inductance significantly.

Formula:

where:

L = Self-inductance

μo = Permeability of free space

μr = Relative permeability of the core material

N = Number of turns

A = Cross-sectional area

l = Length of the coil

6|Page
7|Page
Materials Required

1. AC power supply (adjustable frequency)


2. Coil with variable turns
3. Resistor/Bulb
4. Ammeter
5. Voltmeter
6. Connecting wires
7. Breadboard (optional)
8. Core materials (air, iron, etc.)

8|Page
Circuit Diagram

9|Page
Procedure
1. Make all connections as shown in circuit diagram.

2. Switch on the A.C. supply and adjust the constant current in the
circuit by using the variable resistor (R1) (let frequency of source is
60 Hz and voltage is 6V).

3. Record the current in A.C. ammeter and see the brightness of bulb.

4. Now, put the soft iron rod inside the inductor core and record the
current in A.C. ammeter and again check the brightness of bulb.

5. Now, switch off the supply and decrease the frequency of A.C.
source (say 50 Hz).

6. Again switch on the supply and adjust the current in circuit at same
constant voltage 6V by using the rheostat. Note the current in
ammeter and brightness of bulb. The current and brightness both
will increases.

7. Again insert the iron in the core of coil and note the current and
brightness. The current and brightness both decreases.

8. Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different frequency of A.C.


source(say 40 Hz,30 Hz and 20 Hz).

10 | P a g e
Observations

Core Material
Current in
Current in
Frequency ammeter
ammeter with
(Hz) without iron
iron rod in
rod in coil (A)
coil (A)

60 2 1.8
50 2.5 2.3
40 2.9 2.6
30 3.4 3.25

11 | P a g e
Analysis

Based on the observations:


 The current in the circuit decrease on inserting the

iron rod in the core of coil at constant frequency of


applied voltage and brightness of bulb decreases and
vice-versa.

 The current in the circuit increases on decreasing the


frequency of applied voltage and vice-versa.
Therefore, the brightness of bulb increases.

12 | P a g e
Conclusion

The experiment demonstrated that:


1. Self-inductance increases with the number of turns,
cross-sectional area, voltage and core material
permeability.
2. The brightness or current variation in the circuit
correlates directly with changes in self-inductance.

13 | P a g e
PRECAUTION

1. Ensure all connections are tight.


2. Avoid touching live wires during the
experiment.
3. Use a proper core material to avoid
overheating.
4. Handle electrical equipment with care to
prevent accidents.
5. The coil should have large number of
turns
6. There should not be parallax in taking the
reading of ammeter

Source of error
1. The resistance of circuit may increases
slightly due to heating effect of current.
2. There may be eddy current in soft iron
coil

14 | P a g e
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books:
Comprehensive Practical Physics Class 12 Physics
Books class 12

Internet sources:
www.wikipedia.org
YouTube.com
www.google.com

15 | P a g e
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