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Pump 3

The document describes the operation of balanced and unbalanced vane pumps, detailing how oil is trapped and pressurized through the rotation of the rotor and the positioning of vanes. Balanced vane pumps maintain equal pressure on both sides of the rotor, while unbalanced vane pumps create radial loads that can lead to bearing failure. Additionally, it introduces various types of piston pumps, including axial, bent axis, and radial piston pumps, explaining their structural components and operational principles.

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2001-001907
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9 views6 pages

Pump 3

The document describes the operation of balanced and unbalanced vane pumps, detailing how oil is trapped and pressurized through the rotation of the rotor and the positioning of vanes. Balanced vane pumps maintain equal pressure on both sides of the rotor, while unbalanced vane pumps create radial loads that can lead to bearing failure. Additionally, it introduces various types of piston pumps, including axial, bent axis, and radial piston pumps, explaining their structural components and operational principles.

Uploaded by

2001-001907
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Contracting as the rotor turns: oil from the inlet is

Trapped in the chamber formed by two vanes. Turning

The rotor causes the chamber to contract into the reg-

Ister with the outlet. Once pressure starts to rise, cen-

Trifugal force is not sufficient to hold the vanes against

The cam ring. To force the vanes to maintain contact

Against the cam ring, pump outlet pressure is routed to

The underside of the vanes through a drilled passage in

The rotor. As the pressure rises in the system, the

Pressure behind the vanes also rises proportionately.

This action repeats itself twice per revolution because

There is a pair of both inlet ports and outlet ports

180 degrees apart from each other. With two outlet


Ports 180 degrees apart from each other, there is no

Side thrust on the rotor and rotating shaft due to the

Pressure being equal on both sides and cancelling each

Other out. Balanced vane pumps are always fixed

Displacement. Figure 4-10 shows the operating prin-

Ciple of a balanced vane pump.

Unbalanced Vane Pumps. The unbalanced vane

Pump uses the same principle as the balanced version

With the exception that the operating cycle occurs only

Once per revolution. The location of the axis of the

Rotor is offset and has only one inlet and one outlet port.

In operation, inlet oil becomes entrapped between a

Pair of vanes when they are expanded and in register


With the inlet port. As the rotor turns, the chamber is

Contracted before the rotation of the pump brings the

Outlet port into register with the chamber. The dis-

Advantage of the unbalanced vane pump is the radial

Load placed on one side of the rotor as each chamber

Formed between the vanes is contracted between fill

And discharge: this can cause the bearing to fail. No

Such force acted on the opposite side of the pump be-

Cause the inlet oil was under little or no pressure.

Figure 4-11 shows the operating principle of an un-

Balanced vane pump.

Piston Pumps

There is a wide variety of piston pumps, beginning


With the simplest pumps and progressing to some of

The more complex pumps used in hydraulic circuits.

There are three general types of piston pumps used:

N Axial piston

N Bent axis piston

N Radial piston

Axial Piston Pumps. In an axial piston pump, the

Pumping elements are arranged in parallel with

The pump driveshaft axis. A cylinder block houses the

Pumping elements, which consist of a piston and

Barrel bores machined into the cylinder head. The base

Of each piston is fitted with a shoe or slipper by means

Of a ball socket, which rides against a tilted plate


Known as a swashplate or wobble plate. The swash-

Plate does not rotate, but in some instances, the tilt

Angle can be controlled. Each piston is hollow and the

Piston shoe has a small drilled passage through its

Center to allow a small controlled amount of oil to

Pass and lubricate the contact area between the

Swashplate face and slipper. Fluid is charged to each

Pump element through a port plate (or valve plate) as

The piston is drawn to the bottom of its travel. The

Port plate is fixed to the pump housing and does

Not rotate. This component separates the inlet side

From the outlet side of the pump as the pistons now

Change direction and force the oil to the outlet side.


The cylinder block and port plate are lapped in

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