Name: _______________________ 1. I want to study engineering, __ I haven't decided on - Although he studied hard, he didn't pass the exam.

the specialization.
Program: _____________________ 2. She is passionate about art __music. 5. Understand the Meaning: Be sure you understand the
3. He enjoys both reading novels __ writing short stories. meaning conveyed by the subordinating conjunction. Different
4. They will either visit the museum __ explore the subordinating conjunctions have specific meanings and are used
A conjunction is the part of speech used to join or link words, historical sites. to express different relationships between the clauses.
phrases, or clauses to each other. Conjunctions help to provide 5. He not only sings, __ he also dances.
coherence to your writing by connecting elements between or Example:
6. I can either go for a run ____ do yoga at home.
within sentences and from one paragraph to the next to 7. I must finish this report by tomorrow, ___ I'll need to - While I was studying, my brother was playing outside.
communicate your ideas most effectively to your reader. work late. (Here, "while" indicates simultaneous actions.)
8. He is smart, ___sometimes he doubts himself. - If it rains tomorrow, we'll stay indoors. (Here, "if"
Types of Conjunctions
9. They can choose either pizza ___burgers for dinner. indicates a condition.)
I. Coordinating conjunctions or coordinators (and, but, or, 10. Combine the sentences using a coordinating
nor, so, for, yet) connect ideas of equal structure or function. conjunction: "She likes to dance. She enjoys singing." Subordinators Usage Example
___________________________________________ Because Indicates cause She stayed at
Coordinating conjunctions are used to join two or more or reason. home because
independent clauses (complete sentences) or items in a series. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- it was raining.
Although/Though Indicates contrast Although it was
Coordinators Usage Example II. Subordinating conjunctions or subordinators such as if, or concession. cold, he went for
For Indicates cause or I stayed home, when, where, because, although, since, whether, and while a run.
reason. for it was raining introduce a subordinate or dependent clause that is usually If Indicates a if you study
heavily. attached to an independent clause and signal the relationship condition. hard, you'll do
And Adds one thing to She likes to read between the clauses. well in the
another. novels, and she exam.
enjoys writing Here are some steps on how to use subordinating While Indicates While she was
poetry. conjunctions effectively in sentences: simultaneous reading, he was
Nor Connects two He neither likes actions. playing.
negative ideas. spinach, nor 1. Identify the Subordinating Conjunction: Common Since Indicates cause Since it was
does he enjoy subordinating conjunctions include words like "because," or time. late, they
broccoli. "although," "since," "while," "if," "when," and "after," among others. decided to
But Shows contrast or She is very leave.
exception. talented, but she 2. Position the Subordinate Clause: The dependent clause Until/Till Indicates a time They waited
is also very (subordinate clause) usually comes after the independent clause, frame or limit. until the rain
humble. but it can also come before in some cases. stopped before
Or Presents You can have going outside.
alternatives or tea or coffee Example: Unless Indicates a You won't get
choices. with your condition and its dessert unless
breakfast. - Because it was raining, they decided to stay indoors. result. you finish your
Yet Introduces a The exam was - They decided to stay indoors because it was raining. dinner.
contrast or difficult, yet she After/before Indicates time or After she
3. Use Commas When Necessary: If the dependent clause sequence. finished her
unexpected result. managed to
score well. comes before the independent clause, use a comma to separate work, she went
So Shows result or He studied hard, them. for a walk.
consequence. so he passed Example: Although she studied hard, she didn't perform well on In case Indicates a Take an
the exam. the test. precaution umbrella in case
Remember, when using coordinating conjunctions, it's important it rains.
to note that they should be used to join independent clauses of 4. Choose the Correct Subordinating Conjunction: Select the Wherever/Whereas Indicates a place Wherever she
equal importance. If one clause is dependent (incomplete), a appropriate subordinating conjunction based on the relationship or a contrast. goes, she takes
subordinating conjunction would be more appropriate. you want to express. For example, if you want to show cause and her laptop with
effect, you might use "because" or "since." her.
Drill 1: Coordinating Conjunctions (12 POINTS) He loves action
Example: movies,
Fill in the blanks with suitable coordinating conjunctions. whereas she
- Since it was getting late, they decided to leave. prefers romantic
 comedies. 10. They decided to leave early __ there was heavy traffic. Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs and serve to connect
While Indicates contrast He likes tea, sentence elements of equal importance. They work together to
or time. while she create balanced and clear sentences. Remember to use them
prefers coffee. correctly to convey the intended meaning effectively.
As if/As though Indicates a He acted as if III. Correlative Conjunctions
comparison or he didn't care. Drill 3: Correlative Conjunctions (16 POINTS)
manner. Correlative conjunctions come in pairs and function like
Whether...or Indicates a Whether you coordinating conjunctions to connect equal elements. The most Fill in the blanks with suitable correlative conjunctions.
choice between like it or not, you common correlative conjunctions are either . . . or, neither . . . nor,
alternatives. have to do your not only . . . but also, whether . . . or, and both . . . and. 1. __________ she studies hard, __________ she pays
homework. attention in class.
Correlatives Usage Example 2. __________ John __________ Mary attended the
Both...and Used to indicate She is both conference.
that two things are intelligent and 3. __________ the sun __________ the moon were
true or are being hardworking visible in the sky.
considered 4. They had __________ a great time __________ they
together. wanted to go again.
Either...or Indicates a choice You can either 5. The __________ he practiced, __________ skilled he
between two study French or became.
options. Spanish.
6. We have __________ tea __________ coffee in the
Neither...nor Indicates that both Neither the cat
options are not nor the dog were kitchen.
applicable or true. adopted. 7. He is __________ happy __________ sad about the
news.
Not only...but also Emphasizes two Not only does he 8. He is __________ a good singer __________ a great
related qualities or sing well, but he dancer.
actions. also dances
Remember, subordinating conjunctions are used to join an gracefully. `
independent clause with a dependent (subordinate) clause. The Whether...or Indicates a choice Whether you like
dependent clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It between it or not, you
relies on the independent clause for context and meaning. These alternatives. have to do your
conjunctions are essential for creating complex sentences and homework.
conveying various relationships between ideas. As...as Used for He is as tall as
comparisons of his brother.
equality or
similarity.
Such...that Indicates a result He was such a
or consequence. good actor that
he won an award.
The more...the Indicates that as The more he
Drill 2: Subordinating Conjunctions (10 POINTS) more one thing practices, the
increases, another better he
Fill in the blanks with suitable subordinating conjunctions. thing also becomes.
increases.
1. I will go for a run __ the weather is nice. Hardly...when Indicates that Hardly had he
2. She excels in mathematics __ she practices regularly. something left when it
3. He will succeed __ he is determined and hardworking. happened started raining.
4. They can go to the party __ they finish their homework. immediately after
5. __ she studies hard, she will pass the exam. something else
6. She couldn't attend the meeting __ she was sick. No sooner...than indicates that one No sooner had
7. We'll go for a hike __ the weather improves. event happened he arrived home
8. He didn't apply for the scholarship __ he missed the immediately after than the phone
deadline. another. rang.
9. __ he practices regularly, he'll improve his skills.