Lo

LOGIC
RELEVANCE
TO
LAW
NAME: YASHI CHOKSI
ROLL NO.: 09
STD: F.Y.B.L.S DIV: A
SUBJECT: LOGIC
TOPIC: LOGIC RELEVANCE TO LAW
COLLEGE NAME: KES LAW COLLEGE
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special

thanks of gratitude to my madam JYOTSNA GORE
who gave me an opportunity to do this wonderful
project of logic.
Who also helped in completing my
project. I came to know about so many new things
I am really thankful to her.
Secondly, I would also like to
thank my teacher once again including my friends
who helped me a lot in finalizing this project
within the limited time frame.

YASHI CHOKSI
ROLL NO: 09
DIV: A

INDEX
SR.N TOPICS
O
1. INTRODUCTION : DEFINATION
2. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
3. NATURE OF LAW : a) TRADITIONAL
LOGIC
b) MODERN LOGIC
4. SCOPE OF LOGIC : a)THEORITICAL
UTILITY OF LOGIC
b) PRACTICAL
UTILITY OF LOGIC
5. CONCLUSION
6. REFERENCE
INTRODUCTION:
Logic is the science of inferential
thinking and also valid inferences. The essential
feature which distinguishes man from other
creature is his ability to reason. This reasoning
ability is revealed when men infer, argue or
demand proofs. Logic deals with inference means
logic tries to find whether inference is valid or
invalid. It is the study of rational ways of
establishing conclusions. Some say that logic is
the study of truth, so it is the most basic and
fundamental science. Logic is the science of truth
and tries to discover the truth and about truth.
Others say that logic is concerned with thoughts
and thus it tries to discover “law of thoughts”.
Logic explains what people
ought to think. It tells us what is right thinking. In
other words it is the ethics and belief as it
separates right thinking from wrong thinking. In
logic we are interested in true or false of
statements, and how the truth/falsehood of a
statement can be determined from other
statements. However, instead of dealing with
individual specific statements, we are going to use
symbols to represent arbitrary statements so that
the results can be used in many similar but
different cases. The formalization also promotes
the clarity of thought and eliminates mistakes.

 DEFINATION:
According to Penguin
Encyclopaedia “LOGIC IS THE FORMAL
SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE PRINCIPLES OF
VALID INFERENCES AND CORRECT THINKING”.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF LOGIC:
Following are the aims and objectives
of logic to its relevance to law. They are as
follows:

 To sharpen the intellect of the

student.

 To learn the difference between good

argument and the bad ones.

 To know the correct thinking by

depending upon the truth and the
falsity of a particular statement.

 To learn how to defend judgements

by using logic for intellectual
capacities.

 To reason well by illuminating the

principles of correct logical reasoning.
NATURE OF LOGIC :
The term logic is derived from
the Greek word LOGOS which means
THOUGHT OF WORDS. Logic is the study
of thoughts as expressed in language. The
science of forms of argument and the
condition of their validity is known as
LOGIC.
Logic is both TRADITIONAL and
MODERN in nature. Traditional and
modern logic are interrelated.

 TRADITIONAL LOGIC :
Traditional logic is
influenced by Aristotle. The firm of logic
which is based upon the logical doctrines
of Aristotle is known as traditional logic.
The logicians who study the logical
doctrines of Aristotle are known as
traditional logicians. Aristotle does not
believe that the purpose of logic is to
prove that human beings can have
knowledge. The aim of logic is the
elaboration of a coherent system that
 allows us to investigate, classify, and
evaluate good and bad forms of
reasoning. In simpler terms, men
sometimes reason well and sometimes
badly. We use various expressions to
indicate this. The words ‘correct’ , ‘valid’
and ‘logical’ stands for good reasoning
and the words ‘invalid’ and ‘illogical’
stands for bad reasoning. The science
which enables to draw these distinctions
is logic. Logic furnishes principles and
methods for distinguishing between
correct and incorrect reasonings. We are
familiar with the process of drawing
conclusion from the data. The terms
‘inference’ and ‘argument’ are used for
this process. In an inference the thinker
passes on from one or more given
statements, accepted as true, to another
statement which follows them.

INFERENCE: A process of thinking in which

something is given or something is derived on
 the basis of it. Inference does not have a
definite form.

ARGUMENT: It is an inference expressed in

words. An argument is divided into two parts
given and derived. The given in an argument
is called premise which means that there can
be as any premise. The derived in an
argument is called as conclusion which is only
one from the statement.

In an argument there is
premise and a conclusion of an argument are
called ‘PROPOSITIONS’ .A proposition is a
sentence which can be either TRUE or FALSE.
It is also called as statement. There are
various types of logic such as logic of
sentences (propositional logic), logic of
objects (predicate logic), logic involving
uncertainties, logic dealing with fuzziness,
temporal logic etc.

 For example:
1.Sai Baba is a saint.
 2.No dogs whistle.
3.All fairies are beautiful.
4.There are no ghost.
 MODERN LOGIC:
Modern logic is influenced by the
Maths. The form of logic which is based upon the
mathematical doctrines is known as MODERN
LOGIC. This is also known as MATHEMATICAL
LOGIC. This form of logic is mainly dominated by
the use of symbols so it is known as SYMBOLIC
LOGIC. Modern symbolic logic on the other hand
is not concerned with the truth or correctness of
the result of an argument, but with its validity, i.e.
the question when or under which conditions the
truth of the conclusion is guaranteed by the truth
(correctness) of the premises.
SCOPE OF LOGIC IN THE FIELD OF
LAW:
In the field of law, only those cases are
acceptable which fulfil the criteria of logic.
Moreover the rules and law are developed on the
bases of logical reasoning. The person how
commit any action which is against the law, he
would be given punishment. Scope of logic is very
wide. We all know that logic is an art as well as
science: based or practice or theory, logic
provides bases for them. The subject matter of
logic in law is forms of arguments and condition of
there validity. The scope of logic has theoretical
utility and practical utility. They are as follows:

 THEORETICAL UTILITY OF LOGIC :

1.In theoretical utility, the study of logic makes
the lawyer aware of types of arguments.

2.Study of logic also improves the logical

reasoning of a lawyer.
 3.The way in which we reason the affects and
the belief of argument along with evidence is
very essential in theoretical utility.

 PRACTICAL UTILITY OF LOGIC :

In practical utility the logical
system of practical reasoning that can be
used to assess the validity of practical
arguments, that is, arguments with a
practical judgment as conclusion. There are
two forms practical utility of logic; deductive
reasoning and inductive reasoning. They are
as follows:

A. INDUCTIVE REASONING IN LAW:

 Arguments in which premise does not

necessarily provide sufficient evidence to
conclusion.
 Inductive reasoning are used in the Trial
Courts.
 Trial Court Judge studies the fact of the case
using principles of Logic.
  He selects the appropriate laws and facts
from the case and gives the decision.

B. DEDUCTIVE REASONING IN LAW :

 Arguments in which premise provide
sufficient evidence to conclusion are the
deductive arguments.
 Uses of deductive arguments in law :
i. Though a Trial Court Judge logically
gives the decision; disputes rarely
ends in trial court.
ii. Losing party in Appellate court.
iii. As appellate court cannot completely
neglect the work done by the trial
court judge he analysed;
 Correct law and provisions are applied or
not.
 What are the facts of case etc. and then
he logically gives decision.

CONCLUSION:
 The importance of the study of logic in law is
to help one learn to think properly and focus the
mind so one can come up with logical solutions. If
one can learn to be logical, they can be more
rational in their decisions. Using logic also helps
an individual adapt and make appropriate
decisions. Studying logic is important since it helps
people with critical thinking. Through critical
thinking, we acquire a means of assessing and
upgrading our ability to judge well. It enables us
to go into virtually any situation and to figure out
the logic of whatever is happening in that
situation. It provides a way for us to learn from
new experiences through the process of continual
self-assessment. Thinking correctly, then, enables
us to form sound beliefs and judgments, and in
doing so, provides us with a basis for a “rational
and reasonable” emotional life. If a human being
understands the logic and reasoning behind a
given aspect of reality, then he/she may be able
to adapt and grow, using the same reasoning, in
times of difficulty.
REFERENCE:
 https://www.cs.odu.edu/

 https://www.slideshare.net/
AbdulQadirMemon/logic-introduction

 https://www.judges.org/news-and-
info/the-significance-of-logic-for-law/

 ELEMENTARY FOR LAW BY

K.T.BASANTANI