Important questions

Unit-I
Q.
Questions
No
Write a short notes on different components in the automotive drive train and discuss the
1
principles of the internal combustion engines used in the vehicles.
A)Differentiate internal combustion engine and electric vehicles
2 B)For a 2-W with velocity of 60kmph, CD=0.9, A=0.5. Calculate aerodynamic drag and
Power required to overcome the drag for 60kmph, 30kmph, and 10kmph.
a) Determine the tractive force needed for a 1364 kg vehicle to accelerate to 96.5 km/h
in 10 seconds, assuming a constant acceleration.
3 b) What is an Electric Vehicle? With the help of block diagram explain the components
of Electric vehicle.

a) Explain rolling resistance and aerodynamic drag in vehicles?

4 b) Write a short note on Economic and Environmental Impact of Electric Hybrid
Vehicle.
a) How conventional vehicles can be compared with Hybrid electric vehicles. Explain.
5
b) Compare Internal combustion engine,electric vehicle,Hybrid Electric vehicles.
Explain about the resistive forces acting that retard the motion of a four – wheel vehicle?
6
And derive the expression for total tractive force.
a) Explain the Concepts of propulsion loads, drive cycles,and drive terrain.
7
b) Explain the historical background of EV and HEV technology involvement
A) Explain the principle of magnetic levitation in detail with the help of suitable
8 diagrams.
B) Write the advantages and disadvantages of electric vehicles.
Explain the key features of Permanent Magnet (PM) Machines for the application in EVs
9
and HEVs.
Discuss the appropriate DC and AC machines for electric and hybrid electric vehicle
10
applications.

Unit-II
Q.
No
Questions
a) Explain the power flow control in a hybrid electric drive train.
1
b) What are the various power flow control modes for a series hybrid vehicle.
With complete block diagram, explain the architecture and power flow control of series
2
hybrid and parallel hybrid electric drive train.
a) Describe the power flow control modes for a series-parallel hybrid vehicle.
3
b) Write a short notes on the working principle of a fuel cell.
4 Describe the Series - Parallel Configurations of Electric Drive train with Neat Diagram?
5 Compare EV,HEV and PHEV
 Explain the architecture of fuel cell electric vehicle with a neat block diagram.
a) With a neat sketch, explain the configuration of a Series hybrid electric drive train.
6 b) Explain the different power flow control modes of a typical parallel hybrid system
with the help of block diagrams.
A)Compare series and parallel hybrid electric vehicles, outlining their advantages and
7 disadvantages.
B) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of HEV
a) Explain the working principle of a fuel-cell and its analysis.
8
b) Explain the design of Hybrid electric vehicle as a case study.
Draw the Block diagram of Control Architecture of Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Analyze
9
Each part of the Block diagram?
What are the different configurations of complex hybrid electric vehicles and explain
10
different modes of operation with the help of block diagrams.

Unit-III
Q.
No
Questions
A)Compare PHEVs and HEVs.
1 B)Write a short note on:
a) Equivalent Electric Range of Blended PHEVs
b) Fuel Economy of PHEVs
2 With a neat sketch, explain the architecture of PHEV.
A)Explain the safety features, challenges, and considerations associated with plug-in
hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs).
3
B) How does the drive train structure of PHEVs differ from traditional internal combustion
engine vehicles, and what are the advantages of this design?
A)Explain in detail about fuel economy of PHEV,
4
B)Explain PHEV battery charging and what are types of charging levels.
5 What are the benefits of developing Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, Explain.
6 Describe in detail about Power Management of PHEVs in detail.
7 Write a short notes on Vehicle-to-Grid Technology and How Does It Work?
Write a short note on Blended PHEVs. Explain different components involved in PHEVs
8
in detail.
Write a short note on
9 a) End-of-Life Battery for Electric Power Grid Support
b) Cold Start Emissions Reduction in PHEVs
In CD mode, a blended PHEV consumes 10 kWh of electric energy from the onboard
battery and 1.5 l of gasoline in its first 64 km. Beyond 64 km, the car enters CS mode,
10
which consumes 6.25 l of gasoline per 100 km. The car has a total range of 724 km.
Calculate the fuel economy of the car.

Unit-IV
Q. No Questions
a) Explain the issues to be addressed in the design of HEV power electronics coverters.
1 b) Explain the key segments of a typical power converter used in HEVs and How do
these converters contribute to the overall performance of the vehicle?
A buck-boost converter has the input voltage of 12 V and it operates at 20 kHz, when
the average output voltage is 24 V, the average load current is 1.2 A, it is having L =
2 300 μH, C= 150 μF. Find duty cycle, ripple current through the inductor, ripple voltage
and critical values of L and C.

a) Explain the basic architecture of a PHEV charger with the help of a neat
sketch.
3
b) Demonstrate how a three-phase rectifier is employed in HEVs, and calculate the
voltage ripple for a given load and input conditions.
a) Compare between Voltage source inverter and Current source inverter
b) A Single phase half bridge inverter has a resistive load of R= 3 Ω and DC input
voltage of 50 V. Calculate:
4
i) RMS output voltage at fundamental frequency,
ii) Output power,

a) Demonstrate equivalent circuit of PWM Rectifier used in HEVs

b) A single phase full bridge inverter is fed from a dc source such that fundamental
5
component of output voltage is 230 V. Find the rms value of Thyristor and diode
currents for R = 2 Ω
a)What is Voltage ripple ? How does it affect the performance of HEV.
6 b)What are the different types of power converters used in HEV and explain any one of
them.
a) Explain about non isolated DC-DC converter used in Hybrid Electric vehicles.
7
b) Explain in detail about the advantages of non isolated DC-DC converter in HEV.
8 The figure below shown an uncontrolled diode bridge rectifier supplied from
a 220 V , 50 Hz , 1-phase ac source. The load draws a constant current I0=14A. The
conduction angle of the diode D1 in degrees (rounded off to two decimal places) is q,

9 Explain about isolated DC-DC converters used in hybrid electric vehicles.

10 a) Explain the operation three phase voltage source inverter used in HEV.
 b) Describe the operation of step-down DC-DC converter.

Unit-V
Q.
No
Questions
1 Explain the construction and working of lead acid battery.
a) Write a short note on Lithium-Based Batteries in Energy Storage System?
2
b) What do you mean by ultra capacitors and explain with neat sketch?
a) Explain the key parameters used to evaluate the performance of an energy
3 storage system.
a) How flywheel can be used as energy source elements in HEVs
a) Discuss about pumped hydroelectric energy storage system.
4
b) Describe the different factors affecting the performance of batteries used in EVs?
a) Explain the working principle of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES)
5 and discuss its potential advantages in grid stabilization.
b) Compare different energy storage systems used in hybrid electric vehicles.
a) Discuss how specific energy density and power density impact the selection of an
6 energy storage system for different applications.
b) Write a short note on the Battery Management System in Hybrid Electric Vehicle?
a) Explain flywheel as energy source elements in electric and hybrid electric vehicle
7
b) What is the concept of energy storage as an economic resource.
8 a) Describe the working principle of thermal energy storage systems and discuss their
applications in buildings and industrial processes.
b) Compare sensible, latent, and thermochemical heat storage technologies in terms of
efficiency and application.
9 Explain the Hybridization of different energy storage devices in detail.
10 Describe the concept of compressed air energy storage and discuss the various challenges
in it.