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Alkali Metals (Group 1)

The document outlines the characteristics and examples of various groups of elements in the periodic table, including Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition Metals, Metalloids, Halogens, and Noble Gases. Each group is described with its reactivity, electron configuration, and common questions related to their properties and uses. The document highlights the practical applications and significance of these elements in various fields.

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11 views2 pages

Alkali Metals (Group 1)

The document outlines the characteristics and examples of various groups of elements in the periodic table, including Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition Metals, Metalloids, Halogens, and Noble Gases. Each group is described with its reactivity, electron configuration, and common questions related to their properties and uses. The document highlights the practical applications and significance of these elements in various fields.

Uploaded by

ozipopz.ytube
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Alkali Metals (Group 1)

Examples: Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K).

Characteristics: Highly reactive, especially with water; soft metals that can be
cut with a knife; have one valence electron and form positive ions (+1 charge).

Common Questions: Why are they stored in oil? What happens when sodium is placed in
water? Why do they readily lose one electron?

Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)

Examples: Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca).

Characteristics: Less reactive than alkali metals but still reactive; harder and
denser; have two valence electrons and form ions with a +2 charge.

Common Questions: How does their reactivity compare to alkali metals? What role
does calcium play in the human body? Why do they form ions with a +2 charge?

Transition Metals

Examples: Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Gold (Au).

Characteristics: Good conductors of electricity and heat; high melting points and
densities; can form multiple oxidation states.

Common Questions: Why are they commonly used in construction and electrical wiring?
What is unique about their oxidation states? Why do many form colorful compounds?

Metalloids

Examples: Silicon, Germanium, Boron, Arsenic, Antimony.

Characteristics: Can be shiny or dull; solid at room temperature; brittle; can


conduct electricity but not as well as metals; can react like metals or nonmetals.

Uses: Silicon & Germanium in semiconductors; Boron in glassmaking and detergents;


Arsenic in pesticides; Antimony in flame retardants.

Common Questions: Why is boron used in heat-resistant glass? What household


products contain boron? Why is silicon important in technology? What are the uses
and dangers of arsenic?

Halogens (Group 7)

Examples: Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br).

Characteristics: Very reactive nonmetals; have seven valence electrons and form
negative ions (-1 charge); exist in different states at room temperature.

Common Questions: Why are they so reactive? How do they interact with alkali
metals? Which halogen is used to disinfect drinking water?

Noble Gases (Group 8)

Examples: Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar).


Characteristics: Extremely unreactive due to having a full outer electron shell;
used in lighting, welding, and as inert environments for chemical reactions.

Common Questions: Why are they mostly unreactive? Why is helium used in balloons
instead of hydrogen? What noble gas is used in neon signs, and why?

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