Karagandy «Bolashaq» high college

Report
Third world countries

Student: Kanatbaeva K.K.

Karagandy
Content
Definition of Third World 3
First world 3
Second world 3
Third world……………………………………………..…………………....……..3
History of the Three-World Model............................................................................4
Information about developing countries 5
Third World Countries 6

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 What Is the Third World?
The terms "first world," "second world," and "third world" originated during
the Cold War era and were used to categorize countries based on their political
alignment and economic development.
During the Cold War, the "first world" referred to the capitalist, democratic
countries aligned with the United States and other Western powers. These countries
were generally characterized by their advanced economies, industrialization, and
high standards of living. First World: The U.S., NATO, and other U.S.-aligned
countries.
The "second world" referred to the socialist, communist countries aligned
with the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc nations. These countries were
typically characterized by state-controlled economies and centralized planning.
Second World: The Soviet Union, Warsaw Pact countries, and other Soviet-aligned
states.
The third world countries were those that did not align themselves with either
bloc and were often characterized by their underdeveloped economies, high
poverty rates, and lack of industrialization. Third World: Non-aligned countries.
However, the terminology has evolved over time, and the use of terms like
"third world" or "developing countries" is now considered outdated and somewhat
derogatory. It is more appropriate to refer to these countries as "low-income
countries," "developing countries," or "less economically developed countries".
Third world countries are often characterized by their low levels of
economic development, political instability, and poor infrastructure. Most Third
World countries are former colonies. Having gained independence, many of these
countries, especially smaller ones, were faced with the challenges of nation- and
institution-building on their own for the first time. Due to this common
background, many of these nations were "developing" in economic terms for most
of the 20th century, and many still are. This term, used today, generally denotes
countries that have not developed to the same levels as OECD countries, and are
thus in the process of developing.
One of the main challenges facing third world countries is the issue of
poverty. These nations often lack the necessary resources and infrastructure to
provide their citizens with basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare.
Poverty in these countries is often compounded by issues such as conflict,
corruption, and weak governance, which can make it difficult for these nations to
develop and grow economically. Despite these challenges, many third world
countries have made significant strides in recent years, with some experiencing
steady economic growth and improving living standards.

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 These countries typically face significant challenges in areas such as
education, healthcare, infrastructure, income inequality, and access to basic
services. They often have limited industrialization, weak governance structures,
and struggle with poverty, hunger, and lack of access to clean water and sanitation.
However, it's important to note that each country is unique, and there is significant
variation within and among developing countries in terms of their economic,
social, and political situations.
History of the Three-World Model
The history of the three-world model can be traced back to the Cold War. A
French demographer, anthropologist, and historian by the name of Alfred Sauvy
coined the phrase “Third World.” Sauvy observed that a collection of nations,
many of which were once colonies, did not adhere to the same ideologies as either
Western capitalism or Soviet socialism. The idea of classifying nations as First,
Second, Third, and Fourth World was developed during and following the Cold
War, which lasted roughly from 1945 to the 1990s.
But later on, the need to partition the world’s economies gives rise to the
third-world model. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank,
which works to give international assistance for initiatives that serve to strengthen
infrastructure and economic systems completely, regularly monitor developing
nations.
Generally speaking, economic status and important economic indicators like
gross domestic product (GDP), GDP growth, GDP per capita, employment growth,
and the unemployment rate are used to describe countries.
These nations are classified as lower-middle-income or low-income by both
organizations. The characteristics of third-world countries or developing countries
include
 Low levels of education.
 Inadequate infrastructure.
 Poor sanitation.
 Restricted access to health care.
 Low cost of living.
 Low output rates.
 Market difficulties.
Many investors who are looking for potential high profits through potential
growth prospects may target developing countries even if the dangers are also
comparatively larger. Despite the fact that emerging nations are typically thought
of as having lower economic performance, technological and industrial
advancements can quickly result in significant changes.

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 Here are some additional points to provide you with more information about
developing countries:
1. Economic Challenges: Developing countries often face economic
challenges such as limited access to capital, technological advancements, and
markets. They may rely heavily on agriculture or the export of raw materials,
making their economies vulnerable to fluctuations in commodity prices. Limited
industrialization and infrastructure development can further hinder economic
growth.
2. Poverty and Inequality: Developing countries tend to have higher poverty
rates and income inequality compared to developed countries. Many people in
these countries struggle to meet their basic needs, such as food, clean water,
healthcare, and education. Income disparities often exist between rural and urban
areas and within different social groups.
3. Health and Education: Access to quality healthcare and education can be
limited in developing countries. They may face challenges such as inadequate
healthcare facilities, a shortage of medical professionals, and a lack of funding for
education. This can lead to lower life expectancies, higher infant and maternal
mortality rates, and lower literacy rates compared to developed countries.
4. Infrastructure: Developing countries often have inadequate infrastructure,
including roads, transportation, electricity, and communication networks. This can
hinder economic activities, limit access to markets, and make it difficult to deliver
essential services such as healthcare and education to remote areas.
5. Environmental and Climate Change Issues: Many developing countries
are vulnerable to environmental challenges and climate change impacts. They may
experience issues such as deforestation, air and water pollution, limited access to
clean energy, and increased frequency and intensity of natural disasters. These
environmental factors can further exacerbate poverty and affect the livelihoods of
communities.
6. Aid and Development Efforts: International organizations, governments,
and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in supporting
developing countries. They provide foreign aid, technical assistance, and
development programs aimed at promoting economic growth, poverty reduction,
healthcare improvement, education initiatives, infrastructure development, and
sustainable practices.
7. Progress and Potential: While developing countries face significant
challenges, many have made substantial progress in recent decades. Countries like
China, India, Brazil, and South Korea have experienced rapid economic growth
and improved living standards. There are examples of successful development
initiatives and innovative approaches to address the unique challenges faced by
these countries.

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 Third World Countries
Afghanistan is a developing nation that was formally classified as a third
world country during the Cold War. It has faced significant challenges related to
political instability, poverty, and insecurity in the past, including decades of
conflict and the recent Taliban takeover. The country's economy has been largely
dependent on agriculture and the illegal drug trade, with limited infrastructure and
low levels of education and healthcare access. The recent Taliban takeover has
further complicated Afghanistan's path towards development, with many concerns
around human rights and the prospects for peace and stability in the country. While
the future of Afghanistan remains uncertain, the country will need to address a
range of economic, social, and political challenges in order to move towards
greater stability and development in the years ahead.
Pakistan was a member of the Non-Aligned Movement during the Cold War
and was therefore considered a Third World country. Today, Pakistan is classified
as a developing country, with a rapidly growing economy that is heavily reliant on
agriculture and textiles. Despite its recent economic growth, however, Pakistan still
faces challenges such as poverty, corruption, and political instability.
India was commonly categorized as a third world country during the Cold
War, due in part to its position as a non-aligned nation in the global power struggle.
However, since then, India has undergone significant economic and social changes,
and is now considered to be a rapidly developing nation with one of the world's
fastest-growing economies. The country has made strides in reducing poverty,
improving healthcare, and expanding access to education, and has emerged as a
major player in industries such as information technology, manufacturing, and
services. Despite these advancements, India still faces challenges related to income
inequality, infrastructure development, and environmental sustainability, among
other issues. Nevertheless, India's growing middle class and dynamic
entrepreneurial culture continue to drive economic growth and innovation,
positioning the country as a key player in the global economy.
It's important to remember that developing countries are diverse and
complex, with unique histories, cultures, and socio-economic contexts. Their paths
to development vary, and progress can be seen in different areas and at different
rates.
In Conclusion, “Third-world country” is a term used to describe countries
that are still developing. However, it is an outdated term that is no longer in use
today. Usually, those countries that fit into this sector are granted privileges and
contractual terms by the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and World
Trade Organization.