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Lecture 008

Counters are devices used in PLCs to count pulses, with types including up-counters, down-counters, and up-down counters. To utilize a counter, one needs to determine the source of pulses, the count threshold, and the reset mechanism. Examples include a batching machine for components and a car park control system that tracks the number of parked cars.

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Mahmoud Essam
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10 views13 pages

Lecture 008

Counters are devices used in PLCs to count pulses, with types including up-counters, down-counters, and up-down counters. To utilize a counter, one needs to determine the source of pulses, the count threshold, and the reset mechanism. Examples include a batching machine for components and a car park control system that tracks the number of parked cars.

Uploaded by

Mahmoud Essam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Counters

 Counter is a simple device intended to count.

 Every PLC manufacturer use them in a different way.


 Because most PLCs have 16-bit counters - counters can count from 0 to 65535.

Types of counters:
 Up-counters, CTU = count up (count up 1,2,3...).
 Down counters, CTD = countdown (count down 9,8,7,...).
 Up-Down counters, UDC = up-down counter (count up and/or down
1,2,3,4,3,2,3,4,5,...).
To use counter you need 3 things:

1) Where counted pulses are coming from. Typically this is from one of the inputs.

2) How many pulses must be counted before we react.

3) When/how we will reset the counter so it can count again.


General counter symbol in ladder
program (CTU and CTD only)

 Cxxx is the counter name (ex. counter "C000".)


 yyyyy is the number of pulses to be counted before Output be latched.

Counter pins
 Reset pin. When turns ON the current (accumulated) count value will return to zero.
 Pulse pin. Connected to input address where the pulses we are counting are coming from.

Counter accumulated value ONLY when ON signal on pulse pin changes back to OFF
(Use Spring loaded / Momentary switch)
Ladder program example (CTU and CTD only)

 Counter name C000.


 We want to count 100 times.
 Counted pulses are from input named 0001.
 The reset button is connected to input named 0002.
 Counter output is connected (named) to dummy relay 500.
General counter symbol in ladder program (UDC only)

Instead of having only one input for the pulse counting we now have 2:
 One for counting Up.
 One for counting Down.
Ladder program example (UDC only)

 Counter name UDC000.


 We give it a preset value of 1000.
 Count Up is input from line named 0001.
 Count Down is input from line named 0003.
 The reset button is connected to input named 0002.
 Whenever the counter reaches 1000, the output relay 500 will be latched.
Batching Machine example

The PLC task is to control a simple machine which counts and batches components
moving along a conveyor. It is required that 10 components be channeled down
route A and 20 components down route B.
Car park example
Simple control system is fitted inside a car
park which can host up to 100 cars at any
time. Each time a car enters the parking are,
PLC automatically adds it to a total sum of
other cars found in the garage. Each car that
comes out will automatically be taken off.
When 100 cars parks, a red light signal will
turn ON signalizing that the garage is full.
Design ladder program to do that.

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