Student’s Name:…………………………………………………………………

COMBINATION ROLL CALL No.

Signature:……………………………

P525/1
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
Nov./Dec. 2024
2 ¾ hours
THE CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
ST AUGUSTINES COLLEGE WAKISO
Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education
END OF YEAR EXAMS
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
2 hours 45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
Answer all questions in this Section A and six questions in Section B.
All questions must be written in the spaces provided.
The Periodic Table, with relative atomic masses, is attached at the end of the
paper.
Mathematical tables (3-figure tables) are adequate or non-programmable
scientific electronic calculators may be used.
Where necessary, use the following;
Molar gas constant, R=8.31 JK-1mol-1.
Molar volume of a gas at s.t.p is 22.4 litres.
Standard temperature = 273K.
Standard pressure = 101325Nm-2

For Examiners’ Use Only

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total

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 SECTION A: (46 MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section
1. Complete the following equations and write the IUPAC name of the major
organic product.
��3(�)
(a) ��3 �� + �� ≡ �̅��+ −−−−→… … … … … …
Name;................................................................................................ (1 ½ marks)
Cl
HCl
(b) ��3� = ��2 −−−−−−−−→ ………………
Name;................................................................................................ (1 ½ marks)
��2/ �.� ��gℎ�
(b) −−−−−−−−−−−→ … … … … … …
Name;................................................................................................ (1 ½ marks)
2. (a) Name three types of radiations emitted by radioactive substances.
(1 ½ marks)
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(b) Identify the particles x and y in the following radioactive decay equation.
(02 marks)
218 214
82�� 82�� + �
214
83�� + �

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 x is............................................................................................
y is............................................................................................
3. State what is observed and write equation for the reaction that takes place when;
(a) 2-methylpropene is bubbled through a solution of bromine water.
(02 marks)
Observation;
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(b) propyne is bubbled through a solution of ammoniacal silver nitrate.
(02 marks)
Observation;
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Equation;
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4. Write equation to show the reaction between aqueous sodium hydroxide
solution and the following oxides;
(a) aluminium oxide. (1 ½ marks)
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(b) silicon(IV) oxide. (1 ½ marks)
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(c) sulphur(VI) oxide. (1 ½ marks)
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5. (a) What is meant by the term standard enthalpy of formation?
(01 mark)
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(b) (i) The standard enthalpies of combustion of zinc sulphide(���), zinc and
sulphur are −441, −348 and −297 �����−1 respectively. Calculate the standard

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 enthalpy of formation of zinc sulphide. (4 ½ marks)
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(ii) State whether zinc sulphide is a stable compound or not. Give a reason for your
answer. (1 ½ marks)
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6. A compound Q , contains 8.10% aluminium, 14.43% sulphur, 28.86% oxygen
and the rest being water of crystallisation.
(a) (i) Determine the molecular formula of Q. (02 marks)
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(ii)
Deduce the molecular formula of Q.( Vapour density of Q is
0.0298g��−3 at s.t.p)
(2 ½ marks)
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(b) Magnesium ribbon was added to an aqueous solution of Q.
(i) State what was observed. ( 01 mark)
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(ii) Write equation for the reaction that took place. (1 ½ marks)
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7. (a) State what is meant by the term osmotic pressure. (01 mark)
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(b) A solution containing 2.8% of a polymer was found to have an osmotic
pressure of 7.0 × 10−4 atmospheres at 25℃. Calculate the relative molecular mass
of the polymer (02 marks)
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(c) Explain why in the determination of molecular mass of a polymer, osmotic
pressure is used instead of freezing point depression and boiling point elevation.
(02 marks)
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8
(a) Write the electronic configurations of the following transition elements and ions
(i) Cu2+. ( ½ mark)
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(ii) Cr3+. ( ½ mark)
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(b) (i) A l l t r a n s i t i o n e l e m e n t s a r e d - b l o c k e l e m e n t s b u t n o t a l l
d-block elements are transition elements E.xplain . (1
½ mark)
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(ii) Briefly explain why iron (ii) ions are readily oxidised to iron (iii) ions.
(02 marks)
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8. Complete the following equations and in each case outline the accepted
mechanism for the reaction.

(a) ​ Ethyne HgSO4, ch/H2SO (03 marks)

600

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(b) CH3CH=CH2 HBr/ROOR
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SECTION B: (54 MARKS)

Answer any six questions from this section.
10.(a) Differentiate between the terms half life and decay constant. (02 marks)
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(b) The data in the table below was obtained for the reaction;
3A Products

Time(minutes) 0 60 120 180 240 320

log10[ ] -0.62 -0.80 -1.00 -1.14 -1.34 -1.47
Plot a graph of log10[ ] against time. (03 marks)
ATTACH YOUR GRAPH PAPER
(c) From the graph, determine the order of reaction. (01 mark)
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(d) Calculate the ;

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 (i) decay constant for the reaction. (02 marks)
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(ii) the half life for the reaction. (01 mark)
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11.(a) Using equations only, show how nitric acid can be manufactured from
ammonia. (04 marks)
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(c) Briefly describe how concentrated nitric acid reacts with;
(i) Magnesium (2 ½ marks)
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(ii) Sulphur (2 ½ marks)
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 12. Write equations to show how the following conversions can be effected.
(a) ��3��2� ≡ �� from �2� = ��2 (03 marks)
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(b) Ethanol to butan-2-ol (03 marks)
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(a) Ethyne to chlorobenzene (03 marks)
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13.(a) The table below shows the melting points of period 3 elements of the
Periodic Table.

Element Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Melting point(K) 370.8 923 933.3 1687 317.2 388.2 171.5 83.6
Explain why;
(i) magnesium has a higher melting point than sodium. (03 marks)

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(ii) silicon has the highest melting point (03 marks)
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(iii) sulphur has a higher melting point than phosphorus. (03 marks)
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14. Explain the following observations

a ) A solution of chromium (iii) sulphate has a pH below seven (03 marks)
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(a) Zinc is not considered as a true transition element .(03 marks)

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(b) Carbon dioxide is a gas whereas silicon(IV) oxide is a solid at room temperature (03
marks)
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15. During the manufacture of sulphuric acid by the contact process, sulphur
dioxide is catalytically oxidized to sulphur trioxide according to the following
equation;
2��2(�) + �2(�) 2��3(�) ∆��(298�) = −197 �����−1
(a) Name one source of sulphur dioxide and one source of oxygen used in the
contact process. (01 mark)
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(b) State the industrial conditions used to obtain a maximum yield of sulphur
dioxide. (1 ½ marks)

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(c) State the conditions under which sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium and
phosphorus and in each case write equation for the reaction.

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 (i) aluminium (02 marks)
Condition(s);
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Equation;

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(i) phosphorus (02 marks)

Condition(s);
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Equation;
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(d) Concentrated sulphuric acid is 98% �/� and has a density of 1.84���−3.
Calculate the molarity of the concentrated sulphuric acid. (2 ½ marks)
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16.20.0 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon G, were exploded with 150cm3 of excess
oxygen. After complete combustion, the residual gas was found to be 110cm3.
When concentrated potassium hydroxide solution was added to residual gas, the
volume reduced to 30 cm3.
(a) Determine the molecular formula of G. (2 ½ marks)
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(b) Write the structural formulae and names of all possible isomers of G.
(03 marks)
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(c) Ozonolysis of G yields only one product.
(i) Identify G (½ mark)
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(ii) Write the mechanism for the reaction between G and warm acidified water.
(03 marks)
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17. (a) State what is meant by the term freezing point constant. (01 mark)
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(b) The table below shows the freezing points of various concentrations of a
non-volatile solute X in water at 760mmHg.
Concentration (���−3) 0 30 60 90 120 150
Freezing point(℃) 0 -0.16 -0.22 -0.49 -0.65 -0.85
Freezing point depression(∆�)
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 (i) Complete the table above. (03 marks)
(ii) Plot a graph of freezing point depression against concentration of X.
(03 marks)
ATTACH YOUR GRAPH PAPER
(c) Use your graph to calculate the relative formula mass of X.(Freezing
point constant, �� of water is 1.86℃���−1��−1) (02 marks)
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