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Salt Analysis-Ammonium Chloride

The document outlines a procedure for analyzing a simple salt to identify its anions and cations. Through various preliminary and confirmatory tests, it concludes that the given salt contains ammonium as the cation and chloride as the anion, identifying it as Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl). The tests include solubility checks, reactions with dilute and concentrated acids, and specific tests for chloride and ammonium ions.

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4 views2 pages

Salt Analysis-Ammonium Chloride

The document outlines a procedure for analyzing a simple salt to identify its anions and cations. Through various preliminary and confirmatory tests, it concludes that the given salt contains ammonium as the cation and chloride as the anion, identifying it as Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl). The tests include solubility checks, reactions with dilute and concentrated acids, and specific tests for chloride and ammonium ions.

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pbnzv7qbp5
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Salt Analysis

AIM: To analyse the presence of an anion and cation in the given simple salt.

PRELIMINARY TESTS
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Note the colour of the Colourless Absence of coloured cations
salt. like Cu2+, Co2+, Fe2+ etc.

2. Check solubility of the salt soluble The salt solution (original


in water solution O.S) is prepared in
water.
3. Mix a little of the salt with No smell of vinegar Absence of acetate ion.
a few drops of dil H2SO4 on a
watch glass with the help of
a glass rod and note the
odour of the mixture.

IDENTIFICATION TEST FOR ANIONS


1. DILUTE H2SO4 TEST: To No characteristic reaction Absence of carbonate and
the little of the salt, dilute sulphide
H2SO4 is added and heated
(if there is no reaction in
cold)
2. CONC.H2SO4 TEST: To a A colouless pungent smelling Indicates the presence of
little of the salt, conc.H2SO4 gas is evolved which turns chloride ion (Cl-)
is added and heated (if there into dense white fumes
is no reaction in cold). when a glass rod dipped in
ammonium hydroxide is held
at the mouth of the test
tube.
3. TEST FOR SULPHATE: No characteristic reaction Absence of sulphate ion
To a little of the salt
solution, dil.HCl is added
followed by BaCl2 solution.
4. TEST FOR PHOSPHATE: No characteristic reaction Absence of phosphate ion
To a little of the salt solution
add conc.HNO3, boil, cool
and add ammonium
molybdate solution and
warm.
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ANIONS
CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR CHLORIDE:
a) To a little of the salt a) White ppt is formed which Presence of chloride
solution add dil.HNO3 dissolves in excess of confirmed.
followed by AgNO3 solution. ammonium hydroxide.
b) Chromyl Chloride Test: To b) A yellow coloured Presence of chloride
a little of the salt add equal solution is formed which confirmed.
amount of solid potassium gives a yellow ppt with
dichromate and conc. acetic acid and lead acetate
H2SO4. Heat the contents solution.
gently and pass the red
vapours obtained through a
dil. solution of NaOH.

IDENTIFICATION OF CATIONS
GROUP ZERO
To a little of the salt, NaOH Colourless gas with pungent Presence of group zero
is added and heated. smell of ammonia is evolved. cation.
It gives dense white fumes
when a glass rod dipped in
Conc. HCl is held at the
mouth of the test tube.
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR GROUP - O CATION
To the salt solution, add 2 to An orange brown ppt is Presence of NH4+ is
3 drops of NaOH solution obtained confirmed.
followed by Nessler’s
reagent.

RESULT: The given salt contains Ammonium as cation and Chloride as anion.
The given salt is Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl)

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