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Ammonium Chloride

The document presents a detailed analysis of salt No. 8 (Ammonium Chloride) through various tests to identify its components. Observations indicate the presence of chloride ions and ammonium cations, while confirming the absence of other metal ions. The results are derived from preliminary tests, anion analysis, and cation group analysis, concluding that the salt consists of chloride as the anion and ammonium as the cation.

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5 views5 pages

Ammonium Chloride

The document presents a detailed analysis of salt No. 8 (Ammonium Chloride) through various tests to identify its components. Observations indicate the presence of chloride ions and ammonium cations, while confirming the absence of other metal ions. The results are derived from preliminary tests, anion analysis, and cation group analysis, concluding that the salt consists of chloride as the anion and ammonium as the cation.

Uploaded by

itachixmrchief
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SALT NO.

8 AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
S.No. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

I PRELIMINARY TEST

1. COLOUR White Absence of Cu2+ ,


Ni2+ ,Fe2+, Fe3+ &Co2+

2. ODOUR Ammoniacal smell Presence of


ammonia.

3. ACTION OF HEAT
A little od the salt is heated, Salt sublimes with May be ammonia
evolution of pungent
smelling gas giving
dense white fumes
with a glass rod
dipped in conc. HCl

4. FLAME TEST. .
A small amount No characteristic Absence of copper,
of the salt is made into a coloured flame calcium and
paste with conc. HCl in a Barium.
watch glass and introduced
into the non-luminous part of
the flame.

5. ASH TEST
A filter paper is soaked into a No characteristic Absence of zinc,
paste of the salt with conc. change. evolved. aluminium &
HCl and cobalt nitrate magnesium.
solution in a watch glass and
burnt.
ANALYSIS OF ANION
1 ACTION OF DILUTE
SULPHURIC ACID No characteristic Absence of
To the salt add dilute change carbonate &
sulphuric acid till the salt is acetate.
submerged.

2 ACTION OF CONC.
SULPHURIC ACID Pungent smell gas Presence of
To the salt add conc. which gives white chloride
Sulphuric acid and heat it. fume when a rod
dipped in
ammonium
hydroxide is brought
near it.
3 BARIUM CHLORIDE
TEST
To the salt solution add
barium chloride solution. No white precipitate Absence of
is formed sulphate.
4 SILVER NIRATE TEST
Soda extract is mixed with A curdy white
nitric acid and boiled. After precipitate is formed
cooling silver nitrate solution which is soluble in Presence of
is added. ammonium chloride.
hydroxide.

5 OXALIC ACID TEST


To the salt solution oxalic No smell of vinegar Absence of acetate,
acid is added. is observed.

CONFIRMATION OF
CHLORIDE
a) MANGANESE
DIOXIDE TEST
A pinch of the salt is mixed Greenish yellow gas Presence of
with manganese dioxide and is evolved which has chloride is
sulphuric acid. a pungent irritating confirmed.
smell. The gas turns
starch iodide paper
blue

b) CHROMYL HLORIDE
TEST
A pinch of salt is mixed with Yellow precipitate is Presence of
potassium dichromate obtained. chloride is
solution and sulphuric acid is confirmed.
added. The mixture is heated
. Evolved gas is passed
through sodium hydroxide
solution Yellow solution
obtained to which acetic acid
and lead acetate solution is
added.

ANALYSIS OF CATION
GROUP ANALYSIS

1 Ta pinch of salt add sodium Evolution of gas Presence of Zero


hydroxide solution and heat. which gives dense group
fumes when a glass (Ammonium)
rod dipped in HCl
is brought near it.

2 Add dilute HCl to the No White Absence of Group


original solution. precipitate is formed I

3 If no ppt. pass Hydrogen No Black precipitate Absence of Group


sulphide gas to the above is formed II.
solution.

4 To the original solution add No gelatinous white Absence of Group


conc. Nitric acid, cool and precipitate is III (Aluminium)
add ammonium chloride and formed.
ammonium hydroxide
solution in excess.

5 If no ppt, pass hydrogen No dirty white Absence of Group


sulphide gas . precipitate is IV(Zinc, Cobalt,
formed. Nickel)

6 To the original solution add No white Absence of Group


ammonium chloride boil it precipitate is V (Barium,
and cool it . The add formed. strontium and
ammonium hydroxide and calcium)
solid ammonium carbonate.

7 To the original solution add No white crystalline Absence of Group


ammonium hydroxide and precipitate VI(Magnesium)
disodium hydrogen
phosphate.

CONFIRMATION OF
AMMONIUM
To the salt add sodium A brown ppt or Presence of
hydroxide solution and heat. colouration is ammonium is
If ammonia gas evolvers. formed confirmed.
Pass the gas through
Nesslers’s reagent

Result :The salt has chloride As Anion and


_Ammonium as cation

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