9.

Probability & Statistics

2000 IIT Kharagpur

9.1 A pair of fair dice is rolled simultaneously.
The probability that the sum of the numbers from the dice equals six is
1 7
(A) (B)
6 36
5 1
(C) (D)
36 12
2001 IIT Kanpur
9.2 A fair die is rolled four times. Find the probability that six shows up twice
1 16
(A) (B)
2 325
1 25
(C) (D)
36 216
2003 IIT Madras
9.3 A box contains 6 red balls and 4 green balls, one ball is randomly picked and then a second
ball is picked without replacement of the first ball. The probability that the balls are green is
1 2
(A) (B)
15 25
2 4
(C) (D)
15 25

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 2004 IIT Delhi
9.4 A box contains three blue balls and four red balls. Another identical box contains two blue
balls and five red balls. One ball is picked at random from one of the two boxes and it is red.
The probability that it came from the first box is
2 4
(A) (B)
3 9
4 2
(C) (D)
7 7
2005 IIT Bombay
9.5 Two bags contain ten coins each and the coins in each bag are numbered from 1 to 10. One
coin is drawn at random from each bag. The probability that one of the coins has value 1, 2, 3,
or 4, while the other has value 7, 8, 9 or 10 is
2 4
(A) (B)
5 25
8 16
(C) (D)
25 25
2006 IIT Kharagpur
9.6 A pair of fair dice is rolled three times. What is the probability that 10 (sum of the number on
the two faces) will show up exactly once?
121 363
(A) (B)
1728 1728
121 363
(C) (D)
576 576
9.7 A company purchased components from the firms P, Q, and R as shown in the table below

Total number of components Number of components

Firm
purchased likely to be defective
P 1000 5
Q 2500 5
R 500 2
,

The components are closed together. One of the component is selected at random and found to
be defective. What is the probability that it was supplied by firm R?
1 1
(A) (B)
250 12
1 1
(C) (D)
8 6

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 2008 IISc Bangalore
9.8 The normal distribution is given by
1  ( x  )2 
f ( x)  exp    ,   x  
2  22 
The point of inflection to the normal curve are,
(A) x   ,  
(B) x     ,   
(C) x    2 ,   2
(D) x    3 ,   3
mr
9.9 The Poisson distribution is given by P(r )  exp( m) . The first moment about the origin
r!
for the distribution is
(A) 0 (B) m
1
(C) (D) m 2
m
2009 IIT Roorkee
9.10 A fair die is rolled. Let R denote the event of obtaining a number less than or equal to 5 and S
denote the event of obtaining an odd number. Then, which one of the following about the
probability (P) is TRUE?
R R
(A) P    1 (B) P    0
S S
S S
(C) P    1 (D) P    0
R R
2010 IIT Guwahati
9.11 X and Y are independent random variables. X follows a binomial distribution, with n  5 and
1
P .
2
Y takes integer values 1 and 2, with equal probability. Then the probability that X  Y is
15 15
(A) (B)
64 32
1 15
(C) (D)
2 16

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 2011 IIT Madras
9.12 A box contains 3 red and 2 black balls. Four balls are removed from the box one by one,
without replacement. The probability of the ball remaining in the box being red, is
609 3
(A) (B)
625 5
2 81
(C) (D)
5 625
2012 IIT Delhi
9.13 A box containing 10 identical compartments has 6 red balls and 2 blue balls. If each
compartment can hold only one ball, then the number of different possible arrangements are
(A) 1026 (B) 1062
(C) 1260 (D) 1620
2013 IIT Bombay
9.14 The number of emails received on size consecutive days is 11, 9, 18, 18, 4 and 15 respectively.
What are the median and mode for these data?
(A) 18 and 11 respectively
(B) 13 and 18 respectively
(C) 13 and 12.5 respectively
(D) 12.5 and 18 respectively
9.15 For two rolls of a fair die, the probability of getting a 4 in the first roll and a number
less than 4 in the second roll, up to 3 digits after the decimal point, is ______.
9.16 In a factory, two machines M 1 and M 2 manufacture 60% and 40% of the auto
components respectively. Out of the total production, 2% of M 1 and 3% of M 2 are found to
be defective. If a randomly drawn auto component from the combined lot is found defective,
what is the probability that it was manufactured by M 2 ?
(A) 0.35 (B) 0.45
(C) 0.5 (D) 0.4
2014 IIT Kharagpur
9.17 Consider the following two normal distributions
 1 
 x 2 1  4  ( x2  2 x 1)
f1 ( x)  e f 2 ( x)  e
2
If  and  denote the mean and standard deviation, respectively, then
(A) 1  2 and 12   22
(B) 1  2 and 12   22
(C) 1  2 and 12   22
(D) 1  2 and 12   22

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9.18 In rolling of two fair dice, the outcome of an experiment is considered to be the sum of the
numbers appearing on the dice. The probability is highest for the outcome of ______.
2016 IISc Bangalore
9.19 The model y  mx 2 is to be fit to the data given below.

x 1 2 3
y 2 5 8
Using linear regression, the value (rounded off to the second decimal place) of m is _______.
2017 IIT Roorkee
9.20 A box has 6 red balls and 4 white balls. A ball is picked at random and replaced in the box,
after which a second ball is picked.
The probability of both the balls being red, rounded to 2 decimal places, is ___.
9.21 The marks obtained by a set of students are :
38, 84, 45, 70, 75, 60, 48
The mean and median marks, respectively are
(A) 45 and 75 (B) 55 and 48
(C) 60 and 60 (D) 60 and 70
2018 IIT Guwahati
9.22 A watch uses two electronic circuits (ECs). Each EC has a failure probability of 0.1 in one year
of operation. Both ECs are required for functioning of the watch. The probability of the watch
functioning for one year without failure is
(A) 0.99 (B) 0.90
(C) 0.81 (D) 0.80
2019 IIT Madras
9.23 Two unbiased dice are thrown. Each dice can show any number between 1 and 6. The
probability that the sum of the outcomes of the two dice is divisible by 4 is _________
(rounded off to two decimal places).
2020 IIT Delhi
9.24 In a box, there are 5 green balls and 10 blue balls. A person picks 6 balls randomly. The
probability that the person has picked 4 green balls and 2 blue balls is
240 420
(A) (B)
1001 1001
42 45
(C) (D)
1001 1001

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 2021 IIT Bombay
9.25 The probability distribution function of a random variable X is shown in the following figure.
f ( x)

0.5

x
1 3
From this distribution, random samples with sample size n  68 are taken. If X is the sample
mean, the standard deviation of the probability distribution of X , i.e.  X is _______. (round off
to 3 decimal places)

2023 IIT Kanpur

9.26 An exhibition was held in a hall on 15 August 2022 between 3 PM and 4 PM during which any
person was allowed to enter only once. Visitors who entered before 3:40 PM exited the hall
exactly after 20 minutes from their time of entry. Visitors who entered at or after 3:40 PM,
exited exactly at 4 PM. The probability distribution of the arrival time of any visitor is uniform
between 3 PM and 4 PM. Two persons 𝑋 and 𝑌 entered the exhibition hall independent of each
other. Which one of the following values is the probability that their visits to the exhibition
overlapped with each other?
5 4
(A) (B)
9 9
2 7
(C) (D)
9 9

2024 IISc Bangalore

9.27 Consider the normal probability distribution function

√
If and are the mean and standard deviation of respectively, then the ordered pair
is
(A) ( ) (B) ( )
(C) (3, 4) (D) (–3, 4)

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Answers Probability & Statistics

9.1 C 9.2 D 9.3 C 9.4 B 9.5 C

9.6 B&C 9.7 D 9.8 B 9.9 B 9.10 A
9.11 B 9.12 B 9.13 C 9.14 B 9.15 0.083
9.16 C 9.17 C 9.18 7 9.19 4 9.20 0.36
9.21 C 9.22 C 9.23 0.25 9.24 D 9.25 0.07
9.26 B 9.27 B

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