8500 / 6500

Technical Training Course

Technical Service Engineer

Course outline

Components of anaesthesia system

8500 / 6500 Ventilator
Bellows
Circle Absorber
Gas Machine

8500 / 6500 Ventilator

Features
Waveforms
Operating Principle
Auto Zero
Compliance Compensation
Fresh gas Compensation

8500 / 6500 Maintenance

Connections to ventilator
First line Maintenance

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

COMPONENTS VENTILATOR

The ventilator is the heart of the anaesthesia

system.
The function of the ventilator is to provide
the patient with a measured delivery of gas
at a selected breathing rate.
The 8500 and 6500 ventilators designed and
manufactured by AMS meet these simple
parameters. While offering more advanced
options allowing the patient to take some
responsibility for triggering these breaths
via selected modes.

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

COMPONENTS BELLOWS

The bellows provide a barrier between the

ventilator and the patient.
The drive gas from the ventilator is used to
pressurize the outer canister and squeeze the
bellows. The gas from within the bellows is
thereby pushed out to the patient circuit.
The bellows also contains a pop off valve to
allow excess gases to escape during the
expired period

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

COMPONENTS CIRCLE ABSORBER

The circle absorber acts as the connection

between the anaesthesia system and the
patient.
The circle absorber allows for the delivery
of anaesthesia agent and gases while
removing the expired carbon dioxide.
Non return valves prevent rebreathing.
A bag /vent switch allows for hand bagging,
in conjunction with the APL valve, or
ventilator drive. This bag / vent switch is
connected to the ventilator and will
automatically turn the ventilator form stand-
by to on when operated.

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

COMPONENTS GAS MACHINE

Gas machine is a complicated gas flow

control system.
Gases supplied to the system, from
pipelines or cylinders, are pressure
regulated and flow controlled to provide a
safe breathable mix.
The back bar provides connection points for
the vaporizer.
High pressure outlets are available for
ventilators etc.
The ventilator measures and corrects for the
fresh gas supplied from the system

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 FEATURES

• SIMV, ASB, PCV and CMV

• Integrated spirometry loops (8500 only)
• PEEP, Inspired flow control
• Compliance and fresh gas compensation, automatic leak test
• Flow triggered pressure supported assisted breathing
• Inspiratory pause, Sigh function (8500 only)
• Automatic alarms set +/- 25% of monitored values (8500
only)
• Absorber switching facility
• Oxygen monitoring
• I:E ratio from 2:1 to 1:5
• Patient data management output via RS232 port

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 FEATURES

• SIMV
SIMV mandatory

30

25

20
Pressure in cmh2o

15

CMV

10

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-5
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 FEATURES

• SIMV SIMV with Trigger

30

25

20
pressure in cmh2o

15
CMV
SIMV
10

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-5
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 FEATURES

• SIMV SIMV with Synchronised delivery

30

25

20
Pressure in cmh2o

15
CMV
SIMV
Syncro
10

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-5
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 FEATURES

• PCV
PCV

12

10

8
Pressure in cmh2o

PCV

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-2
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 FEATURES

PCV with inspired flow control

• PCV
12

10

8
Pressure in cmh20

6
PCV
Inspired flow control
4

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-2
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 FEATURES

• CMV
CMV

30

25

20
Pressure in cm H2o

15
CMV
10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

-5
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 FEATURES

• CMV WITH 25% PAUSE

CMV w ith 25% Pause

30

25

20
Pressure in cm H2o

15
CMV
Pause
10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

-5
Tim e in Secs

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Operating Principle

• Inspired gas flow path

Gas inlet
Filter
Regulator
Flow control valves
NRV
Pneumotachograph
Drive gas outlet to bellows

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Operating Principle
Inspired Gas Flow
Dump Valve PEEP Valve

Exhaust Port
Expiratory
Valve

Regulator 75cmH2O
34.5psi Relief Valve
Filter Pneumotachograph
Drive gas outlet
Flow Control
to Bellows
Valves
Gas Patient Airway Fresh Gas
Supply NRV Sensor Sensor
Inlet

Auto zero
Valve
Pressure Switch Auto zero
Valve

PT2 PT4 PT3 PT5 PT1

Pressure interface
PL5 PL4 PL8 PL5
10110075
Controller Power Supply
Inspiratory Drive Patient Patient Fresh Gas
10110077 10100076 Flow Pressure Pressure Airway Flow Flow

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Operating Principle

• Inspired gas flow path

Gas inlet
Filter
Regulator
Flow control valves
NRV
Pneumotachograph
Drive gas outlet to bellows
• Expired gas flow path
Drive gas outlet to bellows
Expiratory valve
PEEP valve
Exhaust Port

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Operating Principle
Expired Gas Flow
Dump Valve PEEP Valve

Exhaust Port
Expiratory
Valve

Regulator 75cmH2O
34.5psi Relief Valve
Filter Pneumotachograph
Drive gas outlet
Flow Control
to Bellows
Valves
Gas Patient Airway Fresh Gas
Supply NRV Sensor Sensor
Inlet

Auto zero
Valve
Pressure Switch Auto zero
Valve

PT2 PT4 PT3 PT5 PT1

Pressure interface
PL5 PL4 PL8 PL5
10110075
Controller Power Supply
Inspiratory Drive Patient Patient Fresh Gas
10110077 10100076 Flow Pressure Pressure Airway Flow Flow

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Operating Principle
Monitoring the gas flow to provide control and feedback

• Five Transducers
• Patient flow sensor
• Patient airway Pressure
• Drive Gas Flow
• Drive Gas Pressure
• Fresh Gas Flow

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Operating Principle
Pressure Monitor
Dump Valve PEEP Valve

Exhaust Port
Expiratory
Valve

Regulator 75cmH2O
34.5psi Relief Valve
Filter Pneumotachograph
Drive gas outlet
Flow Control
to Bellows
Valves
Gas Patient Airway Fresh Gas
Supply NRV Sensor Sensor
Inlet

Auto zero
Valve
Pressure Switch Auto zero
Valve

PT2 PT4 PT3 PT5 PT1

Pressure interface
PL5 PL4 PL8 PL5
10110075
Controller Power Supply
Inspiratory Drive Patient Patient Fresh Gas
10110077 10100076 Flow Pressure Pressure Airway Flow Flow

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Auto Zero

Ideal flow at Transducer

Trancducer Flow against Time

30

25

20

15
Flow

10 Ideal Flow

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-5

-10
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Auto Zero

Real flow at Transducer

Transducer flow against time

30

25

20

15

Ideal Flow
Flow

10
Real Flow

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-5

-10
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Auto Zero

Auto Zero flow at Transducer

Transducer Flow against Time

30

25

20

15

Ideal Flow
Flow

10 Real Flow
Auto Zero Flow

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-5

-10
Time in Sec

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Operating Principle
Pressure Monitor
Dump Valve PEEP Valve

Exhaust Port
Expiratory
Valve

Regulator 75cmH2O
34.5psi Relief Valve
Filter Pneumotachograph
Drive gas outlet
Flow Control
to Bellows
Valves
Gas Patient Airway Fresh Gas
Supply NRV Sensor Sensor
Inlet

Auto zero
Valve
Pressure Switch Auto zero
Valve

PT2 PT4 PT3 PT5 PT1

Pressure interface
PL5 PL4 PL8 PL5
10110075
Controller Power Supply
Inspiratory Drive Patient Patient Fresh Gas
10110077 10100076 Flow Pressure Pressure Airway Flow Flow

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Operating Principle
Electronic Interconnection Membrane
10110513
LCD
Screen
10110508
Inverter
10110509

Mode Encoder
switch 81100002
10100079
Display
Interface
10100190 O2
Speaker Sensor
10110040 connector
10110028

Low Supply
Battery
Pressure
80300025 P.S.U.
Controller Switch
10100076
Mains Mains inlet Switch Mode 10100076
supply Double Fuse Power Supply
80200048 80200024

PEEP Flow Dump Pneumatic

Valve Valve Valve Pressure
connections
10110008 10110008 10110008 Interface
for Sensors
10110075
Absorber Absorber
Flow Switch
Valve
10110008
Calibration Serial Port
Port 9 way 25 way

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Compliance Compensation
• The effect of the gas being compressed in the dead space of
the breathing system is to reduce the volume (TV) that is
delivered to the patient.
• To calculate this effect it is necessary to measure the
capacity or compliance of the system (Cs). This is done
during the pre-use check.
• The system is first pressured to 10cmH20 to check for leaks.
Then the system is raised a further 10cmH20 the volume
needed to produce the pressure rise is recorded.
• Volume in (ml) / Pressure = Dead space compliance Cs
• The Total compliance of the system and patient Ct is
measured after 2 or 3 stable breaths
• The TV can then be adjusted to compensate for the lost
volume due to compression within the breathing system.
• Set TV x (1+(Cs / Ct –Cs)) = New TV

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Compliance Compensation

Example

• System test measurement using 80ml to give 10cmH20

pressure rise
• Volume in (ml) / Pressure = Dead space compliance Cs
• 80ml / 10cmH20 = 8 = Cs
• Ventilator running on patient with set 500ml TV gave
20cmH20 peak Pressure
• 500ml / 20cmH20 = 25 = Ct
• Set TV x (1+(Cs / Ct –Cs)) = New TV
• 500ml x (1+(8 / 25-8)) = 735ml
• 735ml is the actual ventilator output to give 500ml at the
patient

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Fresh Gas Compensation

• Fresh gas flow adds to the delivered Tidal Volume TV

during the inspired period
• To compensate for this a reduction in the delivered volume
needs to be made
• Set TV – (Fresh gas flow (ml/Min) x Inspired Time (sec)/60)
• Example FG 5 LPM, TV 600ml, 10 BPM, I:E 1:2.0
• 600 – (5000 x 2 / 60) = 434ml
• The ventilators effective TV is 434ml to allow for FG of
5LPM to give the patient 600ml

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Summary of Compensation
During pre-test of the 8500 the sequence of events are:-
Switch absorber to Bag This is part of the test to check if a switching absorber is fitted.
Switch absorber to Vent Second part of absorber switch test but more importantly to make sure
the absorber is in Vent position so that the bellows can be filled
and the patient circuit is in circuit.

Fresh gas test This is to check that there is less then 0.5 LPM of fresh gas flowing
into the circuit. If more then 0.5 LPM is flowing then the message
fresh gas to high will be displayed.

Raise the pressure in the system to 10cmH20. This checks that the Patient circuit is occluded and the bellows is
full of gas.
If there is a leak or the above are not correct the 8500 will
continue to try to raise the pressure for 25 seconds then give the
message Failed Compliance or Failed to Raise Pressure.
If all of the above are correct then the 8500 will proceed to the
next stage.

Raise the pressure a further 10cmH20 The 8500 records the amount of gas needed to produce this pressure
rise.
If the pressure does not rise (usually a leak on the patient circuit
or in the fresh circuit) you will again have the message Failed
Compliance.
If the pressure rises then the 8500 will proceed to the next stage.

Hold the pressure at 20cmH20 for 10 seconds This is the system leak test. If the pressure falls 3cmH20 in the 10
seconds then the 8500 will Fail Leak Test. The test will also fail if
the patient flow sensor is missing. If the pressure does not fall
then the leak test will be passed.

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Summary of Compensation

• Compliance compensation adds to the delivered volume to

allow for the compression in the breathing system
• Fresh gas compensation reduces the delivered volume to
allow for the fresh gas that is delivered during the inspired
time

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 First line Maintenance

Drive gas

Oxygen sensor Absorber switch Fresh gas sensor Patient flow sensor Bellows drive gas

Connections to 8500/6500
Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course
8500 / 6500 First line Maintenance

• Check all connections to the ventilator

• Run the ventilator without compliance compensation and
with default values (CMV; 500TV; 12BPM; 1:2 I:E;
50cmH20; PEEP Off) Set the flow tubes to Basal flow
• Check the indicated fresh gas value corresponds to the flow
tubes
• Check the bellows moves approximately 500ml
• Vti and Vte will be lower then the set value (380ml with
standard set-up)
• If all is correct turn the ventilator off and then back on. Now
complete the compliance compensation and run the
ventilator with the defaults set

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 First line Maintenance

• The bellows will now deflect to approximately 700ml but

the indicated Vti and Vte will be 500ml
• Increase the fresh gas flow with the flow tubes. The
indicated value will be equal to bobbins but the indicated
value at the bellows will decrease
• If excessive fresh gas flow is applied the bellows will stop
moving as all the required flow is being delivered by the
fresh gas. With default values the flow will need to be
approximately 10LPM

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 First line Maintenance
Fault Cause Action
Mains Fail Power cable not connected Connect power cable.
Defective mains supply Check supply.
Bellows cannot be Breathing system hose disconnected Check hose. Exchange if damaged.
filled or collapses or leaking. Exchange bellows base.
Broken bellows base. Check bellows.
Defective or detached bellows. Exchange pop-off valve.
Damaged pop-off valve. Fit or exchange O ring
Missing or defective O ring
Delivered Tidal volume Missing pop-off valve seat O ring. Fit O ring. Check bellows.
incorrect or Partially detached or defective bellows. Change if damaged.
inconsistent Damaged pop-off valve or seat Exchange pop-off valve.
Indicated Tidal volume Blocked or damaged patient flow tube Replace patient flow tube
incorrect
Supply Gas Low alarm Incorrect drive gas supply pressure Check drive gas supply pressure.
blinks on each breath Check drive gas hose for kinks or
damage
Unwanted PEEP and Defective scavenging system. Adjust /exchange scavenging system.
overfull bellows Partially obstructed exhaust. Remove obstruction.
High fresh gas flow Reduce gas flow.
Bellows moves more Compliance compensation Check compliance compensation. If
then set volume excessive compensation check method
Bellows moves less Fresh gas compensation Check fresh gas display against flow
then set volume tubes.
Bellows stop moving Fresh gas too high Reduce fresh gas
and fresh gas too high
alarm

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 First line Maintenance
Error codes for the 8500/6500/8200 series Ventilators
Error Code Error Name Description Error Code Error Name Description
1 E_PIO_PORTA PIO Read Error pre V3 8200 only 24 E_ADC_TEST1 Internal i/o test line 1 failed
2 E_PIO_PORTB PIO Read Error pre V3 8200 only 25 E_ADC_TEST2 Internal i/o test line 2 failed
3 E_ADC_VOLSET_UNDER TV pot is too low 26 E_ADC_TEST3 Internal i/o test line 3 failed
4 E_ADC_VOLSET_OVER TV pot is too high 27 E_ADC_PPRESZERO_LOW Patient pressure zero is too low
5 E_ADC_BPMSET_UNDER BPM pot is too low 28 E_ADC_PPRESZERO_HIGH Patient pressure zero is too high
6 E_ADC_BPMSET_OVER BPM pot is too high 29 E_ADC_DPRESZERO_LOW Drive pressure zero is too low
7 E_ADC_IERATIOSET_UNDER I:E ratio pot is too low 30 E_ADC_DPRESZERO_HIGH Drive pressure zero is too high
8 E_ADC_IERATIOSET_OVER I:E ratio pot is too high 31 E_ADC_5VANEG The -5V supply is out of specification
9 E_ADC_PRESLIMSET_UNDER Pressure limit pot is too low 32 E_ADC_5VA The 5V Analog supply is out of specification
10 E_ADC_PRESLIMSET_OVER Pressure limit pot is too high 33 E_ADC_5VMAG The 5V Magtrak supply is out of specification
11 E_ADC_PRESLOLIM_UNDER Low Pressure limit pot is too low 34 E_ADC_5VALARM The 5V Alarm supply is out of specification
12 E_ADC_PRESLOLIM_OVER Low Pressure limit pot is too high 35 E_ADC_5VD The 5V Digital supply is out of specification
13 E_ADC_PRESHILIM_UNDER High Pressure limit pot is too low 36 E_ADC_6V The 6V supply is out of specification
14 E_ADC_PRESHILIM_OVER High Pressure limit pot is too high 37 E_TEST_LINK The 8 way test link header is incorrect
15 E_ADC_COMPOT_UNDER Vol pot is too low pre V3 8200 only 99 E_MEM_UNPROTECT Memory unprotected pre V3 8200 only
16 E_ADC_COMPOT_OVER Vol pot is too high pre V3 8200 only 100 E_COM0_IBUF_FULL Comms buffer full pre V3 8200 only
17 E_ADC_DEVLINK_3_5 ADC Decode error pre V3 8200 only 101 E_COM0_DEV_ERR Comms device error pre V3 8200 only
18 E_ADC_DEVLINK_6_8 ADC Decode error pre V3 8200 only 102 E_COM1_IBUF_FULL Comms buffer full pre V3 8200 only
19 E_ADC_DEVLINK_9_11 ADC Decode error pre V3 8200 only 103 E_COM1_DEV_ERR Comms device error pre V3 8200 only
20 E_ADC_FLOWZERO_LOW Flow zero is too low 104 E_PARAM_CHKSUM Checksum error pre V3 8200 only
21 E_ADC_FLOWZERO_HIGH Flow zero is too high 105 E_PROG_CHKSUM Checksum error pre V3 8200 only
22 E_ADC_INTREF ADC Internal error pre V3 8200 only 106 E_RAM_READ_WRITE Ram error pre V3 8200 only
23 E_ADC_TEST0 Internal i/o test line 0 failed

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Routine Servicing

Service Schedule
 
The following service/replacement intervals are recommended.
Complete the itemised sections followed by a performance check.
12 months:
Overall condition check
Replace Expiratory Valve Diaphragm
'O' ring replacement
Battery Inspection
24 months:
Perform all the 12 months checks/replacements
Replace Non-return Valve
Replace Pop-off Valve Diaphragm
Replace Gas Supply Filter Element
48 months:
Perform all the 24 months checks/replacements
Replace the backup battery

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Routine Servicing
All the required replacement parts are contained in the corresponding Service Kit.
 
12900028 12 Month Service Kit:

Diaphragm valve
 O-ring 20 x 2 for PEEP block
 O-ring 20.35 x 1.78 for PEEP block
 O-ring for NISS fitting
 O-ring for bellows (large)
 O-ring for bellow (small)
 O-ring for Paediatric Adapter
  
12900029 24 Month Service Kit :
 
 All parts from the 12 month Service Kit (12900280) plus
    Pop-off Diaphragm
 Non return Valve
    5 micron Filter
    O-ring for covers of non-return valve and Filter
 
12900030 48 Month Service Kit :
 
 All parts from the 24 month Service Kit (12900029) plus
    Battery
 
Each Service Kit also contains full fitting instructions.

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Routine Servicing

• Overall Condition Check

Clean and sterilise the equipment as stated in the routine maintenance manual
Inspect all tubing and cabling to the 8500 / 6500
• Service kit installation
The service kits have their own instructions, these are also in the routine
maintenance manual (section 6)
• Performance check
Complete the performance test detailed in the maintenance manual

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Routine Servicing

CAUTION
After servicing
Ensure the two
Fine wires to
The PEEP coil
Are correctly
Routed otherwise
Incorrect PEEP
Will be applied

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Re-programming

• Re-programming 8500 and 6500

If the 8500 and 6500 are to be re-programmed a special cable (12600015) is
needed to connect to the computer.
HyperTerminal can be used with computers using Windows up to XP. If
Windows XP is to be used the AMS Terminal programme must be used ( this
will also support USB).
• Both the 8500 and 6500 have a control software identified as
a *.ABS file. The 8500 also has a monitor software
identified as *.A20 file.
• The procedure is detailed in the 8500 training manual
(section 4.4 and 4.5 of 129AC000 )

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Spare Parts
8500 spare part numbers

Part Number Description

10110090 Patient Flo w Senso r
10110102 Patient Flo w Tub e 3M
10110103 Patient Flo w Tub e 6M
10110106 Fresh Gas Senso r and Tub e
12200275 Ab so rb er Switch Cab le
10110178 Disp lay Cab le
10110078 DC p o wer Cab le (3way Pressure Interface)
10110008 PEEP Blo ck
11901903 Pressure Reg ulato r
10110004 Inlet Manifo ld Assemb ly
83030 Ad ult Bello ws co mp lete
10110025 Pead Bello ws co mp lete
70300001 Oxyg en Pro b e
ER1824582 Oxyg en Pro b e lead 5M
10110508 Screen 6.5" LCD
10110509 Back lig ht Inverter
10110513 Membrane Key Pad
10100076 BAV Power Supply assy
10110028 8500 O2 senso r PCB assy
10110077 BAV Co ntro ller assy
10110109 Pressure Interface PCB ass
10110179 8500 Fro nt p anel assy
10110095 Mo d e Switch assy
81100002 8500 Enco d er
10110525 8500 Enco d er Kno b
SI0742 29mm Black Lined Kno b
SI0743 29mm Black Plain Kno b

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course

8500 / 6500 Technical Support

e-mail : ergun.bilirim@ams.com.tr
Web site: www.ams.com.tr
Is the direct, dedicated support address for all
technical enquires on all AMS Products

AMS LTD STI

Anaesthesia Ventilator Technical Training Course